1
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Sheyfer D, Zheng H, Krogstad M, Thompson C, You H, Eastman JA, Liu Y, Wang BX, Ye ZG, Rosenkranz S, Phelan D, Dufresne EM, Stephenson GB, Cao Y. X-ray-induced piezoresponse during X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy of PbMg 1/3Nb 2/3O 3. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2024; 31:55-64. [PMID: 37930257 PMCID: PMC10833419 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523009116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) holds strong promise for observing atomic-scale dynamics in materials, both at equilibrium and during non-equilibrium transitions. Here an in situ XPCS study of the relaxor ferroelectric PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN) is reported. A weak applied AC electric field generates strong response in the speckle of the diffuse scattering from the polar nanodomains, which is captured using the two-time correlation function. Correlated motions of the Bragg peak are also observed, which indicate dynamic tilting of the illuminated volume. This tilting quantitatively accounts for the observed two-time speckle correlations. The magnitude of the tilting would not be expected solely from the modest applied field, since PMN is an electrostrictive material with no linear strain response to the field. A model is developed based on non-uniform static charging of the illuminated surface spot by the incident micrometre-scale X-ray beam and the electrostrictive material response to the combination of static and dynamic fields. The model qualitatively explains the direction and magnitude of the observed tilting, and predicts that X-ray-induced piezoresponse could be an important factor in correctly interpreting results from XPCS and nanodiffraction studies of other insulating materials under applied AC field or varying X-ray illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Sheyfer
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Hao Zheng
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Matthew Krogstad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Carol Thompson
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Hoydoo You
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Eastman
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yuzi Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Bi-Xia Wang
- Department of Chemistry and 4D Labs, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A1S6
| | - Zuo-Guang Ye
- Department of Chemistry and 4D Labs, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A1S6
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Daniel Phelan
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Eric M. Dufresne
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - G. Brian Stephenson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yue Cao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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2
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Shen Y, Sears J, Fabbris G, Weichselbaum A, Yin W, Zhao H, Mazzone DG, Miao H, Upton MH, Casa D, Acevedo-Esteves R, Nelson C, Barbour AM, Mazzoli C, Cao G, Dean MPM. Emergence of Spinons in Layered Trimer Iridate Ba_{4}Ir_{3}O_{10}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:207201. [PMID: 36461990 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.207201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spinons are well known as the elementary excitations of one-dimensional antiferromagnetic chains, but means to realize spinons in higher dimensions is the subject of intense research. Here, we use resonant x-ray scattering to study the layered trimer iridate Ba_{4}Ir_{3}O_{10}, which shows no magnetic order down to 0.2 K. An emergent one-dimensional spinon continuum is observed that can be well described by XXZ spin-1/2 chains with a magnetic exchange of ∼55 meV and a small Ising-like anisotropy. With 2% isovalent Sr doping, magnetic order appears below T_{N}=130 K along with sharper excitations in (Ba_{1-x}Sr_{x})_{4}Ir_{3}O_{10}. Combining our data with exact diagonalization calculations, we find that the frustrated intratrimer interactions effectively reduce the system into decoupled spin chains, the subtle balance of which can be easily tipped by perturbations such as chemical doping. Our results put Ba_{4}Ir_{3}O_{10} between the one-dimensional chain and two-dimensional quantum spin liquid scenarios, illustrating a new way to suppress magnetic order and realize fractional spinons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Sears
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Fabbris
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Weichselbaum
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W Yin
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D G Mazzone
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - H Miao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - M H Upton
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Casa
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R Acevedo-Esteves
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Nelson
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A M Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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3
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Nanoscale inhomogeneity of charge density waves dynamics in La2−xSrxNiO4. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15964. [PMID: 36153400 PMCID: PMC9509336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractWhile stripe phases with broken rotational symmetry of charge density are known to emerge in doped strongly correlated perovskites, the dynamics and heterogeneity of spatial ordering remain elusive. Here we shed light on the temperature dependent lattice motion and the spatial nanoscale phase separation of charge density wave order in the archetypal striped phase in La2−xSrxNiO4+y (LSNO) perovskite using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) joint with scanning micro X-ray diffraction (SµXRD). While it is known that the CDW in 1/8 doped cuprates shows a remarkable stability we report the CDW motion dynamics by XPCS in nickelates with an anomalous quantum glass regime at low temperature, T < 65 K, and the expected thermal melting at higher temperature 65 < T < 120 K. The nanoscale CDW puddles with a shorter correlation length are more mobile than CDW puddles with a longer correlation length. The direct imaging of nanoscale spatial inhomogeneity of CDW by scanning micro X-ray diffraction (SµXRD) shows a nanoscale landscape of percolating short range dynamic CDW puddles competing with large quasi-static CDW puddles giving rise to a novel form of nanoscale phase separation of the incommensurate stripes order landscape.
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Assefa TA, Seaberg MH, Reid AH, Shen L, Esposito V, Dakovski GL, Schlotter W, Holladay B, Streubel R, Montoya SA, Hart P, Nakahara K, Moeller S, Kevan SD, Fischer P, Fullerton EE, Colocho W, Lutman A, Decker FJ, Sinha SK, Roy S, Blackburn E, Turner JJ. The fluctuation-dissipation measurement instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:083902. [PMID: 36050107 DOI: 10.1063/5.0091297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of new modes at x-ray free electron lasers has inspired novel methods for studying fluctuations at different energies and timescales. For closely spaced x-ray pulses that can be varied on ultrafast time scales, we have constructed a pair of advanced instruments to conduct studies targeting quantum materials. We first describe a prototype instrument built to test the proof-of-principle of resonant magnetic scattering using ultrafast pulse pairs. This is followed by a description of a new endstation, the so-called fluctuation-dissipation measurement instrument, which was used to carry out studies with a fast area detector. In addition, we describe various types of diagnostics for single-shot contrast measurements, which can be used to normalize data on a pulse-by-pulse basis and calibrate pulse amplitude ratios, both of which are important for the study of fluctuations in materials. Furthermore, we present some new results using the instrument that demonstrates access to higher momentum resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Assefa
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M H Seaberg
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - A H Reid
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - L Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - V Esposito
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G L Dakovski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - W Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - B Holladay
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - R Streubel
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - S A Montoya
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - P Hart
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - K Nakahara
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S D Kevan
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97401, USA
| | - P Fischer
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Physics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - E E Fullerton
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - W Colocho
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lutman
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - F-J Decker
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94720, USA
| | - S K Sinha
- Department of Physics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - S Roy
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Blackburn
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - J J Turner
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Kim MG, Barbour A, Hu W, Wilkins SB, Robinson IK, Dean MPM, Yang J, Won C, Cheong SW, Mazzoli C, Kiryukhin V. Real-space observation of fluctuating antiferromagnetic domains. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj9493. [PMID: 35622920 PMCID: PMC9140973 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic domains play a fundamental role in physics of magnetism and its technological applications. Dynamics of antiferromagnetic domains is poorly understood, although antiferromagnets are expected to be extensively used in future electronic devices wherein it determines the stability and operational speed. Dynamics of antiferromagnets also features prominently in the studies of topological quantum matter. Real-space imaging of fluctuating antiferromagnetic domains is therefore highly desired but has never been demonstrated. We use coherent x-ray diffraction to obtain videos of fluctuating micrometer-scale antiferromagnetic domains in Ni2MnTeO6 on time scales from 10-1 to 103 s. In the collinear phase, thermally activated domain wall motion is observed in the vicinity of the Néel temperature. Unexpectedly, the fluctuations persist through the full range of the higher-temperature helical phase. These observations illustrate the high potential significance of the dynamic domain imaging in phase transition studies and in magnetic device research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gyu Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Andi Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Wen Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Stuart B. Wilkins
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ian K. Robinson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Mark P. M. Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Physics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Choongjae Won
- Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Laboratory of Pohang Emergent Materials, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Cheong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Laboratory of Pohang Emergent Materials, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Claudio Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Valery Kiryukhin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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6
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Wu L, Shen Y, Barbour AM, Wang W, Prabhakaran D, Boothroyd AT, Mazzoli C, Tranquada JM, Dean MPM, Robinson IK. Real Space Imaging of Spin Stripe Domain Fluctuations in a Complex Oxide. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:275301. [PMID: 35061416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.275301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the formation and dynamics of charge and spin-ordered states in low-dimensional transition metal oxide materials is crucial to understanding unconventional high-temperature superconductivity. La_{2-x}Sr_{x}NiO_{4+δ} (LSNO) has attracted much attention due to its interesting spin dynamics. Recent x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy studies have revealed slow dynamics of the spin order (SO) stripes in LSNO. Here, we applied resonant soft x-ray ptychography to map the spatial distribution of the SO stripe domain inhomogeneity in real space. The reconstructed images show the SO domains are spatially anisotropic, in agreement with previous diffraction studies. For the SO stripe domains, it is found that the correlation lengths along different directions are strongly coupled in space. Surprisingly, fluctuations were observed in the real space amplitude signal, rather than the phase or position. We attribute the observed slow dynamics of the stripe domains in LSNO to thermal fluctuations of the SO domain boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Wu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Yao Shen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Andi M Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Dharmalingam Prabhakaran
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T Boothroyd
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Claudio Mazzoli
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - John M Tranquada
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Mark P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Ian K Robinson
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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