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Bandac IC, Barabash AS, Bergé L, Borovlev YA, Calvo-Mozota JM, Carniti P, Chapellier M, Dafinei I, Danevich FA, Dumoulin L, Ferri F, Giuliani A, Gotti C, Gras P, Grigorieva VD, Ianni A, Khalife H, Kobychev VV, Konovalov SI, Loaiza P, Madhukuttan M, Makarov EP, de Marcillac P, Marnieros S, Marrache-Kikuchi CA, Martinez M, Nones C, Olivieri E, Ortiz de Solórzano A, Pessina G, Poda DV, Redon T, Scarpaci JA, Shlegel VN, Tretyak VI, Umatov VI, Zarytskyy MM, Zolotarova A. Li 2100deplMoO 4 Scintillating Bolometers for Rare-Event Search Experiments. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5465. [PMID: 37420632 DOI: 10.3390/s23125465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of scintillating bolometers based on lithium molybdate crystals that contain molybdenum that has depleted into the double-β active isotope 100Mo (Li2100deplMoO4). We used two Li2100deplMoO4 cubic samples, each of which consisted of 45-millimeter sides and had a mass of 0.28 kg; these samples were produced following the purification and crystallization protocols developed for double-β search experiments with 100Mo-enriched Li2MoO4 crystals. Bolometric Ge detectors were utilized to register the scintillation photons that were emitted by the Li2100deplMoO4 crystal scintillators. The measurements were performed in the CROSS cryogenic set-up at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain). We observed that the Li2100deplMoO4 scintillating bolometers were characterized by an excellent spectrometric performance (∼3-6 keV of FWHM at 0.24-2.6 MeV γs), moderate scintillation signal (∼0.3-0.6 keV/MeV scintillation-to-heat energy ratio, depending on the light collection conditions), and high radiopurity (228Th and 226Ra activities are below a few µBq/kg), which is comparable with the best reported results of low-temperature detectors that are based on Li2MoO4 using natural or 100Mo-enriched molybdenum content. The prospects of Li2100deplMoO4 bolometers for use in rare-event search experiments are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulian C Bandac
- Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, 22880 Canfranc-Estación, Spain
| | - Alexander S Barabash
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Complex of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117218 Moscow, Russia
| | - Laurent Bergé
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Yury A Borovlev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - José Maria Calvo-Mozota
- Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, 22880 Canfranc-Estación, Spain
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Paolo Carniti
- INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Fedor A Danevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Louis Dumoulin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Federico Ferri
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrea Giuliani
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Claudio Gotti
- INFN, Sezione di Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Philippe Gras
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Aldo Ianni
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - Hawraa Khalife
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Sergey I Konovalov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Complex of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117218 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pia Loaiza
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | | | - Evgeny P Makarov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Maria Martinez
- Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- ARAID Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Claudia Nones
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Denys V Poda
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Thierry Redon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Volodymyr I Tretyak
- Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - Vladimir I Umatov
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Kurchatov Complex of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, 117218 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Leder AF, Mayer D, Ouellet JL, Danevich FA, Dumoulin L, Giuliani A, Kostensalo J, Kotila J, de Marcillac P, Nones C, Novati V, Olivieri E, Poda D, Suhonen J, Tretyak VI, Winslow L, Zolotarova A. Determining g_{A}/g_{V} with High-Resolution Spectral Measurements Using a LiInSe_{2} Bolometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:232502. [PMID: 36563213 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.232502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) processes sample a wide range of intermediate forbidden nuclear transitions, which may be impacted by quenching of the axial vector coupling constant (g_{A}/g_{V}), the uncertainty of which plays a pivotal role in determining the sensitivity reach of 0νββ experiments. In this Letter, we present measurements performed on a high-resolution LiInSe_{2} bolometer in a "source=detector" configuration to measure the spectral shape of the fourfold forbidden β decay of ^{115}In. The value of g_{A}/g_{V} is determined by comparing the spectral shape of theoretical predictions to the experimental β spectrum taking into account various simulated background components as well as a variety of detector effects. We find evidence of quenching of g_{A}/g_{V} at >5σ with a model-dependent quenching factor of 0.655±0.002 as compared to the free-nucleon value for the interacting shell model. We also measured the ^{115}In half-life to be [5.18±0.06(stat)_{-0.015}^{+0.005}(sys)]×10^{14} yr within the interacting shell model framework. This Letter demonstrates the power of the bolometeric technique to perform precision nuclear physics single-β decay measurements, which along with improved nuclear modeling can help reduce the uncertainties in the calculation of several decay nuclear matrix elements including those used in 0νββ sensitivity calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Leder
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2521 Hearst Avenue, Berkeley, California 94709, USA
| | - D Mayer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J L Ouellet
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F A Danevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - L Dumoulin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Giuliani
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J Kostensalo
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Yliopistokatu 6B, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - J Kotila
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Educational Research, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Center for Theoretical Physics, Sloane Physics Laboratory Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8120, USA
| | - P de Marcillac
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - C Nones
- Commissariat á l'Énergie Atomique (CEA)-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Novati
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - E Olivieri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Poda
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J Suhonen
- Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - V I Tretyak
- Institute for Nuclear Research of NASU, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - L Winslow
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Zolotarova
- Commissariat á l'Énergie Atomique (CEA)-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Azzolini O, Beeman JW, Bellini F, Beretta M, Biassoni M, Brofferio C, Bucci C, Capelli S, Caracciolo V, Cardani L, Carniti P, Casali N, Chiesa D, Clemenza M, Colantoni I, Cremonesi O, Cruciani A, D'Addabbo A, Dafinei I, De Dominicis F, Di Domizio S, Ferroni F, Gironi L, Giuliani A, Gorla P, Gotti C, Keppel G, Martinez M, Nagorny S, Nastasi M, Nisi S, Nones C, Orlandi D, Pagnanini L, Pallavicini M, Pattavina L, Pavan M, Pessina G, Pettinacci V, Pirro S, Pozzi S, Previtali E, Puiu A, Rusconi C, Schäffner K, Tomei C, Vignati M, Zolotarova AS. Final Result on the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of ^{82}Se with CUPID-0. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:111801. [PMID: 36154394 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.111801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CUPID-0, an array of Zn^{82}Se cryogenic calorimeters, was the first medium-scale demonstrator of the scintillating bolometers' technology. The first project phase (March 2017-December 2018) allowed the most stringent limit on the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of the isotope of interest, ^{82}Se, to be set. After a six month long detector upgrade, CUPID-0 began its second and last phase (June 2019-February 2020). In this Letter, we describe the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of ^{82}Se with a total exposure (phase I+II) of 8.82 kg yr^{-1} of isotope. We set a limit on the half-life of ^{82}Se to the ground state of ^{82}Kr of T_{1/2}^{0ν}(^{82}Se)>4.6×10^{24} yr (90% credible interval), corresponding to an effective Majorana neutrino mass m_{ββ}<(263-545) meV. We also set the most stringent lower limits on the neutrinoless decays of ^{82}Se to the 0_{1}^{+}, 2_{1}^{+}, and 2_{2}^{+} excited states of ^{82}Kr, finding 1.8×10^{23} yr, 3.0×10^{23} yr, and 3.2×10^{23} yr (90% credible interval) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Azzolini
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro (Pd), Italy
| | - J W Beeman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F Bellini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M Beretta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Biassoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Brofferio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Bucci
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - S Capelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Caracciolo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - L Cardani
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - P Carniti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - N Casali
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Clemenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - I Colantoni
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Nanotecnologia, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - O Cremonesi
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Cruciani
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A D'Addabbo
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - I Dafinei
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - F De Dominicis
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - S Di Domizio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Ferroni
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - L Gironi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - A Giuliani
- CNRS/CSNSM, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Gorla
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - C Gotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - G Keppel
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro (Pd), Italy
| | - M Martinez
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - S Nagorny
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - M Nastasi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - S Nisi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - C Nones
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Orlandi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - L Pagnanini
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - L Pattavina
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - M Pavan
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - G Pessina
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Pettinacci
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - S Pirro
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - S Pozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Milano - Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Previtali
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, I-20126 Milano, Italy
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - A Puiu
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - C Rusconi
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Schäffner
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy
| | - C Tomei
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M Vignati
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A S Zolotarova
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
This review aims to cover the history and recent developments on cryogenic bolometers for neutrinoless double beta decay (0ν2β) searches. A 0ν2β decay observation would confirm the total lepton charge non-conservation, which is related to a global U(1)LC symmetry. This discovery would also provide essential information on neutrino masses and nature, opening the door to new physics beyond the Standard Model. The bolometric technology shows good prospects for future ton-scale experiments that aim to fully investigate the inverted ordering region of neutrino masses. The big advantage of bolometers is the high energy resolution and the possibility of particle identification, as well as various methods of additional background rejection. The CUORE experiment has proved the feasibility of ton-scale cryogenic experiments, setting the most stringent limit on 130Te 0ν2β decay. Two CUPID demonstrators (CUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo) have set the most stringent limits on 82Se and 100Mo isotopes, respectively, with compatibly low exposures. Several experiments are developing new methods to improve the background in the region of interest with bolometric detectors. CUPID and AMoRE experiments aim to cover the inverted hierarchy region, using scintillating bolometers with hundreds of kg of 100Mo. We review all of these efforts here, with a focus on the different types of radioactive background and the measures put in place to mitigate them.
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6
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Abstract
The Gerda (GERmanium Detector Array) project, located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), was started in 2005, a few years after the claim of evidence for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) of 76Ge to the ground state of 76Se: it is an ultra-rare process whose detection would directly establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino and provide a measurement of its mass and mass hierarchy. The aim of Gerda was to confirm or disprove the claim by an increased sensitivity experiment. After establishing the new technology of Ge detectors operated bare in liquid Argon and since 2011, Gerda efficiently collected data searching for 0νββ of 76Ge, first deploying the 76Ge-enriched detectors from two former experiments and later new detectors with enhanced signal-to-background rejection, produced from freshly 76Ge-enriched material. Since then, the Gerda setup has been upgraded twice, first in 2013–2015 and later in 2018. The period before 2013 is Phase I and that after 2015 is Phase II. Both the Gerda setup and the analysis tools evolved along the project lifetime, allowing to achieve the remarkable average energy resolution of ∼3.6 and ∼2.6 keV for Coaxial Germanium (Coax) detectors and for Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe), respectively, and the background index of 5.2−1.3+1.6 · 10−4 cts/(keV·kg·yr) in a 230 keV net range centered at Qββ. No evidence of the 0νββ decay at Qββ = 2039.1 keV has been found, hence the limit of 1.8·1026 yr on the half-life (T1/20ν) at 90% C.L. was set with the exposure of 127.2 kg·yr. The corresponding limit range for the effective Majorana neutrino mass mee has been set to 79–180 meV. The Gerda performances in terms of background index, energy resolution and exposure are the best achieved so far by 76Ge double beta decay experiments. In Phase II, Gerda succeeded in operating in a background free regime and set a world record. In 2017, the Legend Collaboration was born from the merging of the Gerda and Majorana Collaborations and resources with the aim to further improve the Gerda sensitivity. First, the Legend200 project, with a mass of up to 200 kg of 76Ge-enriched detectors, aims to further improve the background index down to <0.6 · 10−3 cts/(keV·kg·yr) to explore the Inverted Hierarchy region of the neutrino mass ordering, then the Legend1000 (1 ton of 76Ge-enriched) will probe the Normal Hierarchy. In this paper, we describe the Gerda experiment, its evolution, the data analysis flow, a selection of its results and technological achievements, and finally the design, features and challenges of Legend, the Gerda prosecutor.
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7
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Azzolini O, Beeman JW, Bellini F, Beretta M, Biassoni M, Brofferio C, Bucci C, Capelli S, Cardani L, Carniti P, Casali N, Chiesa D, Clemenza M, Cremonesi O, Cruciani A, Dafinei I, D’Addabbo A, Di Domizio S, Ferroni F, Gironi L, Giuliani A, Gorla P, Gotti C, Keppel G, Martinez M, Nagorny S, Nastasi M, Nisi S, Nones C, Orlandi D, Pagnanini L, Pallavicini M, Pattavina L, Pavan M, Pessina G, Pettinacci V, Pirro S, Pozzi S, Previtali E, Puiu A, Rusconi C, Schäffner K, Tomei C, Vignati M, Zolotarova A. Background identification in cryogenic calorimeters through α - α delayed coincidences. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2021; 81:722. [PMID: 34720725 PMCID: PMC8550008 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09476-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Localization and modeling of radioactive contaminations is a challenge that ultra-low background experiments are constantly facing. These are fundamental steps both to extract scientific results and to further reduce the background of the detectors. Here we present an innovative technique based on the analysis of α - α delayed coincidences in 232 Th and 238 U decay chains, developed to investigate the contaminations of the ZnSe crystals in the CUPID-0 experiment. This method allows to disentangle surface and bulk contaminations of the detectors relying on the different probability to tag delayed coincidences as function of the α decay position.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Azzolini
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, 35020 Legnaro, Padua Italy
| | - J. W. Beeman
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - F. Bellini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M. Beretta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Present Address: : Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - M. Biassoni
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Brofferio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - C. Bucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - S. Capelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - P. Carniti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - N. Casali
- INFN-Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - D. Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - M. Clemenza
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - O. Cremonesi
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - A. D’Addabbo
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - S. Di Domizio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - F. Ferroni
- INFN-Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - L. Gironi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - A. Giuliani
- CSNSM, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P. Gorla
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - C. Gotti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Keppel
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, 35020 Legnaro, Padua Italy
| | - M. Martinez
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Present Address: : Fundación ARAID and Laboratorio de Física Nuclear y Astropartículas, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - S. Nagorny
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Present Address: : Physics Department, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - M. Nastasi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - S. Nisi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - C. Nones
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Orlandi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - L. Pagnanini
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - M. Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - L. Pattavina
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - M. Pavan
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Pessina
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | | | - S. Pirro
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - S. Pozzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - E. Previtali
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - A. Puiu
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - C. Rusconi
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - K. Schäffner
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - C. Tomei
- INFN-Sezione di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - A. Zolotarova
- CSNSM, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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8
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Abstract
Inorganic crystal scintillators play a crucial role in particle detection for various applications in fundamental physics and applied science. The use of such materials as scintillating bolometers, which operate at temperatures as low as 10 mK and detect both heat (phonon) and scintillation signals, significantly extends detectors performance compared to the conventional scintillation counters. In particular, such low-temperature devices offer a high energy resolution in a wide energy interval thanks to a phonon signal detection, while a simultaneous registration of scintillation emitted provides an efficient particle identification tool. This feature is of great importance for a background identification and rejection. Combined with a large variety of elements of interest, which can be embedded in crystal scintillators, scintillating bolometers represent powerful particle detectors for rare-event searches (e.g., rare alpha and beta decays, double-beta decay, dark matter particles, neutrino detection). Here, we review the features and results of low-temperature scintillation detection achieved over a 30-year history of developments of scintillating bolometers and their use in rare-event search experiments.
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9
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Abstract
Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) is a posited lepton number violating decay whose search is an increasingly active field in modern astroparticle physics. A discovery would imply neutrinos are Majorana particles and inform neutrino physics, cosmology and beyond-standard-model theories. Among the few nuclei where double beta decay (ββ) is allowed, tellurium isotopes stand for their high natural abundance and are currently employed in multiple experiments. The search for 0νββ will provide large exposure data sets in the coming years, paving the way for unprecedented sensitivities. We review the latest rare decay searches in tellurium isotopes and compare past results with theories and prospects from running experiments.
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