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Lendinez S, Kaffash MT, Heinonen OG, Gliga S, Iacocca E, Jungfleisch MB. Nonlinear multi-magnon scattering in artificial spin ice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3419. [PMID: 37296142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnons, the quantum-mechanical fundamental excitations of magnetic solids, are bosons whose number does not need to be conserved in scattering processes. Microwave-induced parametric magnon processes, often called Suhl instabilities, have been believed to occur in magnetic thin films only, where quasi-continuous magnon bands exist. Here, we reveal the existence of such nonlinear magnon-magnon scattering processes and their coherence in ensembles of magnetic nanostructures known as artificial spin ice. We find that these systems exhibit effective scattering processes akin to those observed in continuous magnetic thin films. We utilize a combined microwave and microfocused Brillouin light scattering measurement approach to investigate the evolution of their modes. Scattering events occur between resonance frequencies that are determined by each nanomagnet's mode volume and profile. Comparison with numerical simulations reveals that frequency doubling is enabled by exciting a subset of nanomagnets that, in turn, act as nanosized antennas, an effect that is akin to scattering in continuous films. Moreover, our results suggest that tunable directional scattering is possible in these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Lendinez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
- Center for Advanced Microstructures and Devices, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70806, USA
| | - Mojtaba T Kaffash
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Olle G Heinonen
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Seagate Technology, 7801 Computer Ave., Bloomington, MN, 55435, USA
| | - Sebastian Gliga
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Ezio Iacocca
- Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom.
- Center for Magnetism and Magnetic Nanostructures, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA.
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