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Liu P, Zhao W, Liu Z, Pan Y, Duan D, Cui T. High-temperature superconductivities and crucial factors influencing the stability of LaThH 12 under moderate pressures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8237-8246. [PMID: 38385503 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in compressed hydrides has reignited the long-standing quest for room-temperature superconductors. However, the synthesis of superconducting hydrides under moderate pressure and the identification of crucial factors that affect their stability remain challenges. Here, we predicted the ternary clathrate phases of LaThH12 with potential superconductivity under high pressures and specifically proposed a novel R3̄c-LaThH12 phase exhibiting a remarkable Tc of 54.95 K at only 30 GPa to address these confusions. Our first-principles studies show that the high-Tc value of Pm3̄m and Cmmm-LaThH12 phases was induced by the strong electron-phonon coupling driven by the synergy of the electron-phonon matrix element and phonon softening caused by Fermi surface nesting. Importantly, we demonstrate the dual effects of enhanced ionic bonding and expanded orbital hybridization between Th-6f and H-sp3 orbitals during depressurization are primary factors governing the dynamic stability of R3̄c-LaThH12 at low pressures. Our findings offer crucial insights into the underlying mechanisms governing low-pressure stability and provide guidance for experimental efforts aimed at realizing hydrogen-based superconductors with both low synthesis pressures and high-Tc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengye Liu
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wendi Zhao
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao Liu
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yilong Pan
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
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2
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Novoselov DY, Mazannikova MA, Korotin DM, Shorikov AO, Anisimov VI, Oganov AR. Exploring correlation effects and volume collapse during electride dimensionality change in Ca 2N. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30960-30965. [PMID: 37937503 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04472f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of interstitial electronic states in the metal-to-semiconductor transition and the origin of the volume collapse in Ca2N during the pressure-induced phase transitions accompanied by changes of electride subspace dimensionality. Our findings highlight the importance of correlation effects in the electride subsystem as an essential component of the complex phase transformation mechanism. By employing a simplified model that incorporates the distortion of the local environment surrounding the interstitial quasi-atom (ISQ) which emerges under pressure and solving this model by Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT), we successfully reproduced the evolution between the metallic and semiconducting phases and captured the remarkable volume collapse. Central to this observation is a significant enhancement of the localization of excess electrons and the emergence of antiferromagnetic pairing among them, leading to a spin-state transition with a notable reduction in the magnetic moment on the interstitial states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Y Novoselov
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya St., Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Mary A Mazannikova
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya St., Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Dmitry M Korotin
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya St., Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Alexey O Shorikov
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya St., Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Anisimov
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S. Kovalevskaya St., Yekaterinburg, 620108, Russia.
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Applied Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Blvd., 30, p.1, Moscow 121205, Russia
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Liu Y, Cui T, Li D. Emerging d- d orbital coupling between non- d-block main-group elements Mg and I at high pressure. iScience 2023; 26:106113. [PMID: 36879798 PMCID: PMC9984552 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
d-d orbital coupling, which increases anisotropic and directional bonding, commonly occurs between d-block transition metals. Here, we report an unexpected d-d orbital coupling in the non-d-block main-group element compound Mg2I based on first-principles calculations. The unfilled d orbitals of Mg and I atoms under ambient conditions become part of the valence orbitals and couple with each other under high pressures, resulting in the formation of highly symmetric I-Mg-I covalent bonding in Mg2I, which forces the valence electrons of Mg atoms into the lattice voids to form interstitial quasi-atoms (ISQs). In turn, the ISQs highly interact with the crystal lattice, contributing to lattice stability. This study greatly enriches the fundamental understanding of chemical bonding between non-d-block main-group elements at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China
| | - Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
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4
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Zhang X, Meng W, Liu Y, Dai X, Liu G, Kou L. Magnetic Electrides: High-Throughput Material Screening, Intriguing Properties, and Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5523-5535. [PMID: 36823736 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Electrides are a unique class of electron-rich materials where excess electrons are localized in interstitial lattice sites as anions, leading to a range of unique properties and applications. While hundreds of electrides have been discovered in recent years, magnetic electrides have received limited attention, with few investigations into their fundamental physics and practical applications. In this work, 51 magnetic electrides (12 antiferromagnetic, 13 ferromagnetic, and 26 interstitial-magnetic) were identified using high-throughput computational screening methods and the latest Materials Project database. Based on their compositions, these magnetic electrides can be classified as magnetic semiconductors, metals, or half-metals, each with unique topological states and excellent catalytic performance for N2 fixation due to their low work functions and excess electrons. The novel properties of magnetic electrides suggest potential applications in spintronics, topological electronics, electron emission, and as high-performance catalysts. This work marks the beginning of a new era in the identification, investigation, and practical applications of magnetic electrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Weizhen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Xuefang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Liangzhi Kou
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Garden Point Campus, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
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Wang X, Wang Y, Wang J, Pan S, Lu Q, Wang HT, Xing D, Sun J. Pressure Stabilized Lithium-Aluminum Compounds with Both Superconducting and Superionic Behaviors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:246403. [PMID: 36563263 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.246403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting and superionic behaviors have physically intriguing dynamic properties of electrons and ions, respectively, both of which are conceptually important and have great potential for practical applications. Whether these two phenomena can appear in the same system is an interesting and important question. Here, using crystal structure predictions and first-principle calculations combined with machine learning, we identify several stable Li-Al compounds with electride behavior under high pressure, and we find that the electronic density of states of some of the compounds has characteristics of the two-dimensional electron gas. Among them, we estimate that Li_{6}Al at 150 GPa has a superconducting transition temperature of around 29 K and enters a superionic state at a high temperature and wide pressure range. The diffusion in Li_{6}Al is found to be affected by an electride and attributed to the atomic collective motion. Our results indicate that alkali metal alloys can be effective platforms to study the abundant physical properties and their manipulation with pressure and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Pan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Tian Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyu Xing
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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6
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Chen Y, Qin H, Zhou J, Yang T, Sun B, Ni Y, Wang H, Redfern SAT, Miao M, Lin HQ, Feng YP. Unveiling Interstitial Anionic Electron-Driven Ultrahigh K-Ion Storage Capacity in a Novel Two-Dimensional Electride Exemplified by Sc 3Si 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:7439-7447. [PMID: 35929958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) electrides, characterized by excess interstitial anionic electron (IAE) in a crystalline 2D material, offer promising opportunities for the development of electrode materials, in particular in rechargeable metal-ion batteries applications. Although a few such potential electride materials have been reported, they generally show low metal-ion storage capacity, and the effect of IAE on the ion storage performance remains elusive so far. Here we report a novel 2D electride, [Sc3Si2]1+·1e-, with fascinating IAE-driven high alkali metal-ion storage capacity. In particular, its K-ion specific capacity can reach up to 1497 mA h g-1, higher than any previously reported 2D materials-based anodes in K-ion batteries (PIBs). The IAE in the [Sc3Si2]1+·1e- crystal accounts for such high capacity behavior, which can drift away and balance the charge on the metal-cation, playing a crucial role in stabilizing the metal-ion adsorption and enhancing multilayer-ions adsorption. This proposed IAE-driven storage mechanism provides an unprecedented avenue for the future design of high storage capacity electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Chen
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced Two-Dimensional Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Haifei Qin
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced Two-Dimensional Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Tong Yang
- Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced Two-Dimensional Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Bai Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yuxiang Ni
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Simon A T Redfern
- Asian School of the Environment and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Maosheng Miao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Hai-Qing Lin
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Ping Feng
- Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced Two-Dimensional Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Singapore
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7
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Bergara A, Yang G. Superconducting Li 10Se electride under pressure. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:194112. [PMID: 35597635 DOI: 10.1063/5.0092516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Achieving a compound with interesting multiple coexisting states, such as electride, metallicity, and superconductivity, is of great interest in basic research and practical application. Pressure has become an effective way to realize high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides, whereas most electrides are semiconducting or insulating at high pressure. Here, we have applied swarm-intelligence structural search to identify a hitherto unknown C2/m Li10Se electride that is superconducting at high pressure. More interestingly, Li10Se is estimated to exhibit the highest Tc value of 16 K at 50 GPa, which is the lowest pressure among Li-based chalcogen electrides. This superconducting transition is dominated by Se-related low frequency vibration modes. The increasing electronic occupation of the Se 4d orbital and the decreasing amount of interstitial anion electrons with pressure heighten their coupling with low-frequency phonons, which is responsible for the enhancement of the Tc value. The finding of Li-based chalcogen superconducting electrides provides a reference for the realization of other superconducting electrides at lower pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Aitor Bergara
- Departamento de Física, Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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Abstract
In a two-dimensional (2D) Kagome lattice, the ideal Kagome bands including Dirac cones, van Hove singularities, and a flat band are highly expected, because they can provide a promising platform to investigate novel physical phenomena. However, in the reported Kagome materials, the complex 3D and multiorder electron hoppings result in the disappearance of the ideal Kagome bands in these systems. Here, we propose an alternative way to achieve the ideal Kagome bands in non-Kagome materials by confining excess electrons in the system to the crystal interstitial sites to form a 2D Kagome lattice, coined as a Kagome electride. Then, we predict two novel stable 2D Kagome electrides in hexagonal materials Li5Si and Li5Sn, whose band structures are similar to the ideal Kagome bands, including topological Dirac cones with beautiful Fermi arcs in their surface states, van Hove singularities, and a flat band. In addition, Li5Si is revealed to be a low-temperature superconductor at ambient pressure, and its superconducting transition temperature Tc can be increased from 1.1 K at 0 GPa to 7.2 K at 100 GPa. The high Tc is unveiled to be the consequence of strong electron-phonon coupling originated from the sp-hybridized phonon-coupled bands and phonon softening caused by strong Fermi nesting. Due to the strong Fermi nesting, the charge density wave phase transition occurs at 110 GPa with the lattice reconstructed from hexagonal to orthorhombic, accompanied with the increase of Tc to 10.5 K. Our findings pave an alternative way to fabricate more real materials with Kagome bands in electrides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang You
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551
| | - Bo Gu
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gang Su
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuan Ping Feng
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551.,Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546
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