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Hu Y, Shen Y, Bao H. Ultra-efficient and parameter-free computation of submicron thermal transport with phonon Boltzmann transport equation. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:907-915. [PMID: 39156572 PMCID: PMC11330117 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding thermal transport at the submicron scale is crucial for engineering applications, especially in the thermal management of electronics and tailoring the thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials. At the submicron scale, the macroscopic heat diffusion equation is no longer valid and the phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) becomes the governing equation for thermal transport. However, previous thermal simulations based on the phonon BTE have two main limitations: relying on empirical parameters and prohibitive computational costs. Therefore, the phonon BTE is commonly used for qualitatively studying the non-Fourier thermal transport phenomena of toy problems. In this work, we demonstrate an ultra-efficient and parameter-free computational method of the phonon BTE to achieve quantitatively accurate thermal simulation for realistic materials and devices. By properly integrating the phonon properties from first-principles calculations, our method does not rely on empirical material properties input. It can be generally applicable for different materials and the predicted results can match well with experimental results. Moreover, by developing a suitable ensemble of advanced numerical algorithms, our method exhibits superior numerical efficiency. The full-scale (from ballistic to diffusive) thermal simulation of a 3-dimensional fin field-effect transistor with 13 million degrees of freedom, which is prohibitive for existing phonon BTE solvers even on supercomputers, can now be completed within two hours on a single personal computer. Our method makes it possible to achieve the predictive design of realistic nanostructures for the desired thermal conductivity. It also enables accurately resolving the temperature profiles at the transistor level, which helps in better understanding the self-heating effect of electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongxing Shen
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua Bao
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Yu Y, Turkowski V, Hachtel JA, Puretzky AA, Ievlev AV, Din NU, Harris SB, Iyer V, Rouleau CM, Rahman TS, Geohegan DB, Xiao K. Anomalous isotope effect on the optical bandgap in a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductor. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj0758. [PMID: 38381831 PMCID: PMC10881028 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Isotope effects have received increasing attention in materials science and engineering because altering isotopes directly affects phonons, which can affect both thermal properties and optoelectronic properties of conventional semiconductors. However, how isotopic mass affects the optoelectronic properties in 2D semiconductors remains unclear because of measurement uncertainties resulting from sample heterogeneities. Here, we report an anomalous optical bandgap energy red shift of 13 (±7) milli-electron volts as mass of Mo isotopes is increased in laterally structured 100MoS2-92MoS2 monolayers grown by a two-step chemical vapor deposition that mitigates the effects of heterogeneities. This trend, which is opposite to that observed in conventional semiconductors, is explained by many-body perturbation and time-dependent density functional theories that reveal unusually large exciton binding energy renormalizations exceeding the ground-state renormalization energy due to strong coupling between confined excitons and phonons. The isotope effect on the optical bandgap reported here provides perspective on the important role of exciton-phonon coupling in the physical properties of two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Yu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Volodymyr Turkowski
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Jordan A. Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Alexander A. Puretzky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Anton V. Ievlev
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Naseem U. Din
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Sumner B. Harris
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Vasudevan Iyer
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Christopher M. Rouleau
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Talat S. Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - David B. Geohegan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Kai Xiao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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Zhou Z, Zeng J, Song Z, Lin Y, Shi Q, Hao Y, Fu Y, Zhang Z, Wu J. Thermal conductivity of fivefold twinned silicon-germanium heteronanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25368-25376. [PMID: 37705382 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02926c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The thermal transport properties of five-fold twinned (5FT) germanium-silicon (Ge-Si) heteronanowires (h-NWs) with varying cross-sectional areas, germanium (Ge) domain ratios and heterostructural patterns are investigated using homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (HNEMD) simulations. The results demonstrate a distinctive behavior in the thermal conductivity (κ) of 5FT-NWs, characterized by a "flipped" trend at a critical cross-sectional area. This behavior is attributed to the hydrodynamic phonon flow, arising from the normal three-phonon scattering process in the low-frequency region. In addition, the composition ratio of 5FT-NWs has a significant impact on reducing the κ of 5FT-NWs and suppressing the hydrodynamic effect. Intriguingly, as the homogeneous element domains are separated, stronger phonon hydrodynamic flows are observed in comparison to the adjacent homogeneous element domains. By analyzing various phonon properties, including phonon dispersion, three-phonon scattering rate, and phonon mean free path, critical insights into the origin of the differential κ in different 5FT-NW structures are provided. The findings deepen the understanding of the thermal transport properties of nanomaterials and hold implications for the design and development of nanoelectronics and thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhou
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Zixuan Song
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Yanwen Lin
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Qiao Shi
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Yongchao Hao
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Yuequn Fu
- PoreLab, The Njord Centre, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
| | - Zhisen Zhang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
| | - Jianyang Wu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
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Huang X, Guo Y, Wu Y, Masubuchi S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Zhang Z, Volz S, Machida T, Nomura M. Observation of phonon Poiseuille flow in isotopically purified graphite ribbons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2044. [PMID: 37076484 PMCID: PMC10115893 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, the unique collective transport physics of phonon hydrodynamics motivates theoreticians and experimentalists to explore it in micro- and nanoscale and at elevated temperatures. Graphitic materials have been predicted to facilitate hydrodynamic heat transport with their intrinsically strong normal scattering. However, owing to the experimental difficulties and vague theoretical understanding, the observation of phonon Poiseuille flow in graphitic systems remains challenging. In this study, based on a microscale experimental platform and the pertinent occurrence criterion in anisotropic solids, we demonstrate the existence of the phonon Poiseuille flow in a 5.5 μm-wide, suspended and isotopically purified graphite ribbon up to a temperature of 90 K. Our observation is well supported by our theoretical model based on a kinetic theory with fully first-principles inputs. Thus, this study paves the way for deeper insight into phonon hydrodynamics and cutting-edge heat manipulating applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yangyu Guo
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yunhui Wu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Satoru Masubuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Sebastian Volz
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- LIMMS, CNRS-IIS IRL 2820, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tomoki Machida
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nomura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-0041, Japan.
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Zhou Z, Xu K, Song Z, Wang Z, Lin Y, Shi Q, Hao Y, Fu Y, Zhang Z, Wu J. Isotope doping-induced crossover shift in the thermal conductivity of thin silicon nanowires. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:085702. [PMID: 36540938 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acab4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, using homogeneous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we report the thermal transport characteristics of thin Si nanowires (NWs) with varying size and isotope doping ratio. It is identified that crossover in the thermal conductivity (κ) of both isotope doping-free and isotope doped Si-NWs appears at critical sizes, below whichκis enlarged with decreasing size because the hydrodynamic phonon flow predominates, above which, due to the dominant phonon boundary scattering, opposite behavior is observed. With increasing isotope doping, however, the critical size in minimizing theκis moved to small values because the phonon impurity scattering caused by isotope doping is critically involved. Moreover, there is a critical isotope doping (<50%) in the critical size motion, originating from that, above which, the critical size no longer moves due to the persistence of hydrodynamic phonon flow. This study provides new insights into the thermal transport behaviors of quasi-1D structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhou
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Song
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwen Lin
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Shi
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchao Hao
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuequn Fu
- PoreLab, The Njord Centre, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Zhisen Zhang
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Wu
- Department of Physics, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Jiujiang Research Institute and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
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