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Hu Y, Rogée L, Wang W, Zhuang L, Shi F, Dong H, Cai S, Tay BK, Lau SP. Extendable piezo/ferroelectricity in nonstoichiometric 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8470. [PMID: 38123543 PMCID: PMC10733392 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering piezo/ferroelectricity in two-dimensional materials holds significant implications for advancing the manufacture of state-of-the-art multifunctional materials. The inborn nonstoichiometric propensity of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides provides a spiffy ready-available solution for breaking inversion centrosymmetry, thereby conducing to circumvent size effect challenges in conventional perovskite oxide ferroelectrics. Here, we show the extendable and ubiquitous piezo/ferroelectricity within nonstoichiometric two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides that are predominantly centrosymmetric during standard stoichiometric cases. The emerged piezo/ferroelectric traits are aroused from the sliding of van der Waals layers and displacement of interlayer metal atoms triggered by the Frankel defects of heterogeneous interlayer native metal atom intercalation. We demonstrate two-dimensional chromium selenides nanogenerator and iron tellurides ferroelectric multilevel memristors as two representative applications. This innovative approach to engineering piezo/ferroelectricity in ultrathin transition metal dichalcogenides may provide a potential avenue to consolidate piezo/ferroelectricity with featured two-dimensional materials to fabricate multifunctional materials and distinguished multiferroic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
- Centre for Micro- and Nano-Electronics (CMNE), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 638798, Singapore
| | - Lukas Rogée
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Lyuchao Zhuang
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Fangyi Shi
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Songhua Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Beng Kang Tay
- Centre for Micro- and Nano-Electronics (CMNE), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 638798, Singapore
- IRL 3288 CINTRA (CNRS-NTU-THALES Research Alliances), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Shu Ping Lau
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Zhang P, Xue M, Chen C, Guo W, Zhang Z. Mechanism Regulating Self-Intercalation in Layered Materials. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3623-3629. [PMID: 37043360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental breakthrough demonstrated a powerful synthesis approach for intercalating the van der Waals gap of layered materials to achieve property modulation, thereby opening an avenue for exploring new physics and devising novel applications, but the mechanism governing intercalant assembly patterns and properties remains unclear. Based on extensive structural search and energetics analysis by ab initio calculations, we reveal a Sabatier-like principle that dictates spatial arrangement of self-intercalated atoms in transition metal dichalcogenides. We further construct a robust descriptor quantifying that strong intercalant-host interactions favor a monodispersing phase of intercalated atoms that may exhibit ferromagnetism, while weak interactions lead to a trimer phase with attenuated or quenched magnetism, which further evolves into tetramer and hexagonal phases at increasing intercalant density. These findings elucidate the mechanism underpinning experimental observations and paves the way for rational design and precise control of self-intercalation in layered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peikun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Minmin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Changfeng Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Wanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Zhuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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