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Zhou YZ, Zhang MC, Su WB, Wu CW, Xie Y, Chen T, Wu W, Chen PX, Zhang J. Tracking the extensive three-dimensional motion of single ions by an engineered point-spread function. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6483. [PMID: 39090100 PMCID: PMC11294470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) imaging of individual atoms is a critical tool for discovering new physical phenomena and developing new technologies in microscopic systems. However, the current single-atom-resolved 3D imaging methods are limited to static circumstances or a shallow detection range. Here, we demonstrate a generic dynamic 3D imaging method to track the extensive motion of single ions by exploiting the engineered point-spread function (PSF). We show that the image of a single ion can be engineered into a helical PSF, thus enabling single-snapshot acquisition of the position information of the ion in the trap. A preliminary application of this technique is demonstrated by recording the 3D motion trajectory of a single trapped ion and reconstructing the 3D dynamical configuration transition between the zig and zag structures of a 5-ion crystal. This work opens the path for studies on single-atom-resolved dynamics in both trapped-ion and neutral-atom systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhuang Zhou
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Man-Chao Zhang
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi'an, 710024, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Wen-Bo Su
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Chun-Wang Wu
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Ping-Xing Chen
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Technology of Quantum Information, Changsha, 410073, China.
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Magoni M, Joshi R, Lesanovsky I. Molecular Dynamics in Rydberg Tweezer Arrays: Spin-Phonon Entanglement and Jahn-Teller Effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:093002. [PMID: 37721842 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.093002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Atoms confined in optical tweezer arrays constitute a platform for the implementation of quantum computers and simulators. State-dependent operations are realized by exploiting electrostatic dipolar interactions that emerge, when two atoms are simultaneously excited to high-lying electronic states, so-called Rydberg states. These interactions also lead to state-dependent mechanical forces, which couple the electronic dynamics of the atoms to their vibrational motion. We explore these vibronic couplings within an artificial molecular system in which Rydberg states are excited under so-called facilitation conditions. This system, which is not necessarily self-bound, undergoes a structural transition between an equilateral triangle and an equal-weighted superposition of distorted triangular states (Jahn-Teller regime) exhibiting spin-phonon entanglement on a micrometer distance. This highlights the potential of Rydberg tweezer arrays for the study of molecular phenomena at exaggerated length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Magoni
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Radhika Joshi
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Igor Lesanovsky
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Hollerith S, Zeiher J. Rydberg Macrodimers: Diatomic Molecules on the Micrometer Scale. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:3925-3939. [PMID: 36977279 PMCID: PMC10184126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Controlling molecular binding at the level of single atoms is one of the holy grails of quantum chemistry. Rydberg macrodimers─bound states between highly excited Rydberg atoms─provide a novel perspective in this direction. Resulting from binding potentials formed by the strong, long-range interactions of Rydberg states, Rydberg macrodimers feature bond lengths in the micrometer regime, exceeding those of conventional molecules by orders of magnitude. Using single-atom control in quantum gas microscopes, the unique properties of these exotic states can be studied with unprecedented control, including the response to magnetic fields or the polarization of light in their photoassociation. The high accuracy achieved in spectroscopic studies of macrodimers makes them an ideal testbed to benchmark Rydberg interactions, with direct relevance to quantum computing and information protocols where these are employed. This review provides a historic overview and summarizes the recent findings in the field of Rydberg macrodimers. Furthermore, it presents new data on interactions between macrodimers, leading to a phenomenon analogous to Rydberg blockade at the level of molecules, opening the path toward studying many-body systems of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Hollerith
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Zeiher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), 80799 Munich, Germany
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