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Shee A, Henkes S, Huepe C. Emergent mesoscale correlations in active solids with noisy chiral dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:7865-7879. [PMID: 39315646 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00958d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
We present the linear response theory for an elastic solid composed of active Brownian particles with intrinsic individual chirality, deriving both a normal mode formulation and a continuum elastic formulation. Using this theory, we compute analytically the velocity correlations and energy spectra under different conditions, showing an excellent agreement with simulations. We generate the corresponding phase diagram, identifying chiral and achiral disordered regimes (for high chirality or noise levels), as well as chiral and achiral states with mesoscopic-range order (for low chirality and noise). The chiral ordered states display mesoscopic spatial correlations and oscillating time correlations, but no wave propagation. In the high chirality regime, we find a peak in the elastic energy spectrum that leads to a non-monotonic behavior with increasing noise strength that is consistent with the emergence of the 'hammering state' recently identified in chiral glasses. Finally, we show numerically that our theory, despite its linear response nature, can be applied beyond the idealized homogeneous solid assumed in our derivations. Indeed, by increasing the level of activity, we show that it remains a good approximation of the system dynamics until just below the melting transition. In addition, we show that there is still an excellent agreement between our analytical results and simulations when we extend our results to heterogeneous solids composed of mixtures of active particles with different intrinsic chirality and noise levels. The derived linear response theory is therefore robust and applicable to a broad range of real-world active systems. Our work provides a thorough analytical and numerical description of the emergent states in a densely packed system of chiral self-propelled Brownian disks, thus allowing a detailed understanding of the phases and dynamics identified in a minimal chiral active system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shee
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems and ESAM, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Silke Henkes
- Lorentz Institute for Theoretical Physics, LION, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Cristián Huepe
- Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems and ESAM, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- CHuepe Labs, 2713 West August Blvd #1, Chicago, IL 60622, USA.
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Fersula J, Bredeche N, Dauchot O. Self-aligning active agents with inertia and active torque. Phys Rev E 2024; 110:014606. [PMID: 39161031 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.014606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
We extend the study of the inertial effects on the two-dimensional dynamics of active agents to the case where self-alignment is present. In contrast with the most common models of active particles, we find that self-alignment, which couples the rotational dynamics to the translational one, produces unexpected and nontrivial dynamics, already at the deterministic level. Examining first the motion of a free particle, we contrast the role of inertia depending on the sign of the self-aligning torque. When positive, inertia does not alter the steady-state linear motion of an a-chiral self-propelled particle. On the contrary, for a negative self-aligning torque, inertia leads to the destabilization of the linear motion into a spontaneously broken chiral symmetry orbiting dynamics. Adding an active torque, or bias, to the angular dynamics, the bifurcation becomes imperfect in favor of the chiral orientation selected by the bias. In the case of a positive self-alignment, the interplay of the active torque and inertia leads to the emergence, out of a saddle-node bifurcation, of solutions which coexist with the simply biased linear motion. In the context of a free particle, the rotational inertia leaves unchanged the families of steady-state solutions but sets their stability properties. The situation is radically different when considering the case of a collision with a wall, where a very singular oscillating dynamics takes place which can only be captured if both translational and rotational inertia are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Fersula
- Gulliver UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France and Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ISIR, F-75005 Paris, France
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Lång E, Lång A, Blicher P, Rognes T, Dommersnes PG, Bøe SO. Topology-guided polar ordering of collective cell migration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk4825. [PMID: 38630812 PMCID: PMC11023523 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The ability of epithelial monolayers to self-organize into a dynamic polarized state, where cells migrate in a uniform direction, is essential for tissue regeneration, development, and tumor progression. However, the mechanisms governing long-range polar ordering of motility direction in biological tissues remain unclear. Here, we investigate the self-organizing behavior of quiescent epithelial monolayers that transit to a dynamic state with long-range polar order upon growth factor exposure. We demonstrate that the heightened self-propelled activity of monolayer cells leads to formation of vortex-antivortex pairs that undergo sequential annihilation, ultimately driving the spread of long-range polar order throughout the system. A computational model, which treats the monolayer as an active elastic solid, accurately replicates this behavior, and weakening of cell-to-cell interactions impedes vortex-antivortex annihilation and polar ordering. Our findings uncover a mechanism in epithelia, where elastic solid material characteristics, activated self-propulsion, and topology-mediated guidance converge to fuel a highly efficient polar self-ordering activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lång
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Lång
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pernille Blicher
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Rognes
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paul Gunnar Dommersnes
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stig Ove Bøe
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Canavello D, Damascena RH, Cabral LRE, de Souza Silva CC. Polar order, shear banding, and clustering in confined active matter. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2310-2320. [PMID: 38363303 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01721d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the collective behavior of sterically interacting self-propelled particles confined in a harmonic potential. Our theoretical and numerical study unveils the emergence of distinctive collective polar organizations, revealing how different levels of interparticle torques and noise influence the system. The observed phases include the shear-banded vortex, where the system self organizes in two concentric bands rotating in opposite directions around the potential center; the uniform vortex, where the two bands merge into a close packed configuration rotating uniformly as a quasi-rigid body; and the orbiting polar state, characterized by parallel orientation vectors and the cluster revolving around the potential center, without rotation, as a rigid body. Intriguingly, at lower filling fractions, the vortex and polar phases merge into a single phase where the trapped cluster breaks into smaller polarized clusters, each one orbiting the potential center as a rigid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canavello
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Rubens H Damascena
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo R E Cabral
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Clécio C de Souza Silva
- Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
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Baconnier P, Démery V, Dauchot O. Noise-induced collective actuation in active solids. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:024606. [PMID: 38491601 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.024606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Collective actuation describes the spontaneous synchronized oscillations taking place in active solids when the elasto-active feedback, which generically couples the reorientation of the active forces and the elastic stress, is large enough. In the absence of noise, collective actuation takes the form of a strong condensation of the dynamics on a specific pair of modes and their generalized harmonics. Here we report experiments conducted with centimetric active elastic structures, where collective oscillation takes place along the single lowest energy mode of the system, gapped from the other modes because of the system's geometry. Combining the numerical and theoretical analysis of an agent-based model, we demonstrate that this form of collective actuation is noise-induced. The effect of the noise is first analyzed in a single-particle toy model that reveals the interplay between the noise and the specific structure of the phase space. We then show that in the continuous limit, any finite amount of noise turns this new form of transition to collective actuation into a bona fide supercritical Hopf bifurcation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Baconnier
- AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Démery
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
- Univ Lyon, ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Dauchot
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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