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Marcus G, Halavanau A, Huang Z, Krzywinski J, MacArthur J, Margraf R, Raubenheimer T, Zhu D. Refractive Guide Switching a Regenerative Amplifier Free-Electron Laser for High Peak and Average Power Hard X Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:254801. [PMID: 33416365 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.254801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present an x-ray regenerative amplifier free-electron laser design capable of producing fully coherent hard x-ray pulses across a broad tuning range at a high steady state repetition rate. The scheme leverages a strong undulator taper and an apertured diamond output-coupling cavity crystal to produce both high peak and average spectral brightness radiation that is 2 to 3 orders of magnitude greater than conventional single-pass self-amplified spontaneous emission free-electron laser amplifiers. Refractive guiding in the postsaturation regime is found to play a key role in passively controlling the stored cavity power. The scheme is explored both analytically and numerically in the context of the Linac Coherent Light Source II High Energy upgrade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Marcus
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Alex Halavanau
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Zhirong Huang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Jacek Krzywinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - James MacArthur
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Rachel Margraf
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Tor Raubenheimer
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Hafizi B, Roberson CW, Sprangle P. Ultrashort free-electron laser pulse. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 61:5779-83. [PMID: 11031637 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.5779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2000] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional characteristics of short free-electron laser pulses are analyzed. When the optical pulse length is short, the growth rate and optical guiding will vary among the Fourier components comprising the pulse. Matched beam solutions of the wave equation, including diffraction and nonparaxial effects, are discussed. In certain limits a front to back asymmetry develops along the pulse as well as a frequency spread across it. In these limits the asymmetry and the frequency spread are relatively small unless the number of optical cycles in the pulse approaches unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hafizi
- Icarus Research, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland 20824-0780, USA
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Robb GR, Ginzburg NS, Phelps AD, Sergeev AS. Stimulated Coherent Emission from Short Electron Bunches in Free Space. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:1492-1495. [PMID: 10063092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Wu Z, Wang C, Lin M, Li H, Liu S. Small-signal analysis of coherent multimode coupling and optical guiding in a Raman free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1995; 52:3053-3059. [PMID: 9963751 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.3053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Dai ZM, Zhao XF, Yang FJ. Linear theory of the free-electron laser with a two-frequency undulator. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 50:4022-4029. [PMID: 9962459 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.4022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Iracane D, Chaix P, Ferrer JL. Spectral behavior of high-power Compton free-electron lasers. I. Broadening and asymptotic equilibrium. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 49:800-814. [PMID: 9961273 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Dai ZM, Xu L. Three-dimensional theory of an ion-ripple laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 49:745-750. [PMID: 9961268 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sprangle P, Hafizi B, Joyce G, Serafim P. Methods for conditioning electron beams in free-electron lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:2896-2899. [PMID: 10053681 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.2896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Zaidi S, MacFarlane DL. Mode evolution in optical resonators with a radial gain profile. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 47:588-596. [PMID: 9908953 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hafizi B, Roberson CW. Effect of emittance and energy spread on a free-electron laser in the gain-focusing regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:3539-3542. [PMID: 10045730 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Sessler AM, Whittum DH, Yu LH. Radio-frequency beam conditioner for fast-wave free-electron generators of coherent radiation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:309-312. [PMID: 10045859 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Cai SY, Bhattacharjee A. Ginzburg-Landau equation: A nonlinear model for the radiation field of a free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1991; 43:6934-6938. [PMID: 9905044 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.6934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Freund HP, Chang CL. Effect of the lower beat wave on optical guiding in planar wiggler free-electron lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 42:6737-6751. [PMID: 9903974 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.6737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Iracane D, Bernis L. Finite-basis-set technique for solving time-dependent Schrödinger equations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 42:6831-6844. [PMID: 9903984 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.6831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Yu LH, Krinsky S, Gluckstern RL. Calculation of universal scaling function for free-electron-laser gain. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:3011-3014. [PMID: 10041872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Jerby E. Angular steering of the free-electron-laser far-field radiation beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 41:3804-3811. [PMID: 9903554 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hafizi B, Ting A, Sprangle P, Tang CM. Efficiency enhancement and optical guiding in a tapered high-power finite-pulse free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:180-183. [PMID: 10041670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Bhattacharjee A, Cai SY, Chang SP, Dodd JW, Fruchtman A, Marshall TC. Theory and observation of optical guiding in a free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:5081-5091. [PMID: 9902771 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.5081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aamodt RE. High-power optical beam equations for a free-electron-laser oscillator cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:5058-5062. [PMID: 9902768 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.5058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Solimeno S, Chen YJ. Wiggling optical modes in high-gain free-electron lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:4481-4492. [PMID: 9902691 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Cai SY, Bhattacharjee A, Chang SP, Dodd JW, Marshall TC. Effects of optical guiding on sideband instabilities in a free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 40:3127-3135. [PMID: 9902520 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.3127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Jerby E, Gover A. Wave profile modification in free-electron lasers: Space-charge transverse fields and optical guiding. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:864-867. [PMID: 10041205 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fruchtman A, Weitzner H. Raman free-electron laser with transverse density gradients. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1989; 39:658-667. [PMID: 9901294 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.39.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Fruchtman A. Optical guiding in a sheet-beam free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 37:2989-2999. [PMID: 9900033 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.2989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Bhattacharjee A, Cai SY, Chang SP, Dodd JW, Marshall TC. Observations of optical guiding in a Raman free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:1254-1257. [PMID: 10037988 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Amir A. Optical-mode trapping in the free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1988; 37:780-786. [PMID: 9899720 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.37.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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LaSala JE, Deacon DA, Madey JM. Optical guiding in a free-electron-laser oscillator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:2047-2050. [PMID: 10035404 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.2047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Sprangle P, Ting A, Tang CM. Analysis of radiation focusing and steering in the free-electron laser by use of a source-dependent expansion technique. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 36:2773-2781. [PMID: 9899182 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.36.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hartemann F, Xu K, Bekefi G, Wurtele JS, Fajans J. Wave profile modification (optical guiding) induced by free-electron laser interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:1177-1180. [PMID: 10035163 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Hafizi B, Sprangle P, Ting A. Optical gain, phase shift, and profile in free-electron lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 36:1739-1746. [PMID: 9899054 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.36.1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Sprangle P, Ting A, Tang CM. Radiation focusing and guiding with application to the free electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:202-205. [PMID: 10035478 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Steinberg BZ, Gover A, Ruschin S. Three-dimensional theory of free-electron lasers in the collective regime. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 36:147-163. [PMID: 9898665 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.36.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Orzechowski TJ, Scharlemann ET, Hopkins DB. Measurement of the phase of the electromagnetic wave in a free-electron laser amplifier. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 35:2184-2195. [PMID: 9898394 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.35.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Amir A, Greenzweig Y. Three-dimensional theory of the free-electron laser. I. Gain and evolution of optical modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1986; 34:4809-4820. [PMID: 9897867 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.34.4809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kim KJ. Three-dimensional analysis of coherent amplification and self-amplified spontaneous emission in free-electron lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1986; 57:1871-1874. [PMID: 10033571 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.57.1871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fajans J, Wurtele JS, Bekefi G, Knowles DS, Xu AK. Nonlinear power saturation and phase (wave refractive index) in a collective free-electron laser amplifier. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1986; 57:579-582. [PMID: 10034098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.57.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Lippmann BA. Index of refraction of a free-electron-laser beam. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1986; 34:638-639. [PMID: 9897298 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.34.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Bonifacio R, Casagrande F. Collective variable description of a free-electron laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1986; 33:2836-2839. [PMID: 9896985 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.33.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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