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Abstract
Recent tests measured an irrotational (curl-free) magnetic vector potential (A) that is contrary to classical electrodynamics (CED). A (irrotational) arises in extended electrodynamics (EED) that is derivable from the Stueckelberg Lagrangian. A (irrotational) implies an irrotational (gradient-driven) electrical current density, J. Consequently, EED is gauge-free and provably unique. EED predicts a scalar field that equals the quantity usually set to zero as the Lorenz gauge, making A and the scalar potential () independent and physically-measureable fields. EED predicts a scalar-longitudinal wave (SLW) that has an electric field along the direction of propagation together with the scalar field, carrying both energy and momentum. EED also predicts the scalar wave (SW) that carries energy without momentum. EED predicts that the SLW and SW are unconstrained by the skin effect, because neither wave has a magnetic field that generates dissipative eddy currents in electrical conductors. The novel concept of a “gradient-driven” current is a key feature of US Patent 9,306,527 that disclosed antennas for SLW generation and reception. Preliminary experiments have validated the SLW’s no-skin-effect constraint as a potential harbinger of new technologies, a possible explanation for poorly understood laboratory and astrophysical phenomena, and a forerunner of paradigm revolutions.
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Kim HS, Hwang TH, Kim NH, Hou Y, Yu D, Sim HS, Doh YJ. Adjustable Quantum Interference Oscillations in Sb-Doped Bi 2Se 3 Topological Insulator Nanoribbons. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14118-14125. [PMID: 33030335 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Topological insulator (TI) nanoribbons (NRs) provide a platform for investigating quantum interference oscillations combined with topological surface states. One-dimensional subbands formed along the perimeter of a TI NR can be modulated by an axial magnetic field, exhibiting Aharonov-Bohm (AB) and Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak (AAS) oscillations of magnetoconductance (MC). Using Sb-doped Bi2Se3 TI NRs, we found that the relative amplitudes of the two quantum oscillations can be tuned by varying the channel length, exhibiting crossover from quasi-ballistic to diffusive transport regimes. The AB and AAS oscillations were discernible even for a 70 μm long channel, while only the AB oscillations were observed for a short channel. Analyses based on ensemble-averaged fast Fourier transform of MC curves revealed exponential temperature dependences of the AB and AAS oscillations, from which the circumferential phase-coherence length and thermal length were obtained. Our observations indicate that the channel length in a TI NR can be a useful control knob for tailored quantum interference oscillations, especially for developing topological hybrid quantum devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Seok Kim
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Tae-Ha Hwang
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Yasen Hou
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dong Yu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - H-S Sim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yong-Joo Doh
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, School of Physics and Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
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3
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Camarasa-Gómez M, Hernangómez-Pérez D, Inkpen MS, Lovat G, Fung ED, Roy X, Venkataraman L, Evers F. Mechanically Tunable Quantum Interference in Ferrocene-Based Single-Molecule Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6381-6386. [PMID: 32787164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ferrocenes are ubiquitous organometallic building blocks that comprise a Fe atom sandwiched between two cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings that rotate freely at room temperature. Of widespread interest in fundamental studies and real-world applications, they have also attracted some interest as functional elements of molecular-scale devices. Here we investigate the impact of the configurational degrees of freedom of a ferrocene derivative on its single-molecule junction conductance. Measurements indicate that the conductance of the ferrocene derivative, which is suppressed by 2 orders of magnitude as compared to a fully conjugated analogue, can be modulated by altering the junction configuration. Ab initio transport calculations show that the low conductance is a consequence of destructive quantum interference effects of the Fano type that arise from the hybridization of localized metal-based d-orbitals and the delocalized ligand-based π-system. By rotation of the Cp rings, the hybridization, and thus the quantum interference, can be mechanically controlled, resulting in a conductance modulation that is seen experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Camarasa-Gómez
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Hernangómez-Pérez
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel
| | - Michael S Inkpen
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Giacomo Lovat
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - E-Dean Fung
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xavier Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Ferdinand Evers
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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4
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Putzke C, Bachmann MD, McGuinness P, Zhakina E, Sunko V, Konczykowski M, Oka T, Moessner R, Stern A, König M, Khim S, Mackenzie AP, Moll PJW. h/ e oscillations in interlayer transport of delafossites. Science 2020; 368:1234-1238. [PMID: 32527829 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay8413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microstructures can be carefully designed to reveal the quantum phase of the wave-like nature of electrons in a metal. Here, we report phase-coherent oscillations of out-of-plane magnetoresistance in the layered delafossites PdCoO2 and PtCoO2 The oscillation period is equivalent to that determined by the magnetic flux quantum, h/e, threading an area defined by the atomic interlayer separation and the sample width, where h is Planck's constant and e is the charge of an electron. The phase of the electron wave function appears robust over length scales exceeding 10 micrometers and persisting up to temperatures of T > 50 kelvin. We show that the experimental signal stems from a periodic field modulation of the out-of-plane hopping. These results demonstrate extraordinary single-particle quantum coherence lengths in delafossites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Putzke
- Laboratory of Quantum Materials (QMAT), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Maja D Bachmann
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Philippa McGuinness
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Elina Zhakina
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Veronika Sunko
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Marcin Konczykowski
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CEA/DRF/lRAMIS, École Polytechnique, CNRS, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Takashi Oka
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roderich Moessner
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ady Stern
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Markus König
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Seunghyun Khim
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew P Mackenzie
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany. .,School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Philip J W Moll
- Laboratory of Quantum Materials (QMAT), Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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5
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Gunasekaran S, Greenwald JE, Venkataraman L. Visualizing Quantum Interference in Molecular Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2843-2848. [PMID: 32142291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport across a molecular junction is characterized by an energy-dependent transmission function. The transmission function accounts for electrons tunneling through multiple molecular orbitals (MOs) with different phases, which gives rise to quantum interference (QI) effects. Because the transmission function comprises both interfering and noninterfering effects, individual interferences between MOs cannot be deduced from the transmission function directly. Herein, we demonstrate how the transmission function can be deconstructed into its constituent interfering and noninterfering contributions for any model molecular junction. These contributions are arranged in a matrix and displayed pictorially as a QI map, which allows one to easily identify individual QI effects. Importantly, we show that exponential conductance decay with increasing oligomer length is primarily due to an increase in destructive QI. With an ability to "see" QI effects using the QI map, we find that QI is vital to all molecular-scale electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Julia E Greenwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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6
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Doan MH, Jin Y, Chau TK, Joo MK, Lee YH. Room-Temperature Mesoscopic Fluctuations and Coulomb Drag in Multilayer WSe 2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900154. [PMID: 30883934 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesoscopic fluctuations, manifesting the quantum interference (QI) of electrons, have been theoretically proposed in bilayer Coulomb drag systems. Unfortunately, these phenomena are usually observed at cryogenic temperatures, which severely limits their novel physics for pragmatic applications. In this paper, observation of room-temperature QI and Coulomb drag in a multilayer WSe2 transistor is reported via graphene contacts separately at its top and bottom layers. The central layers of WSe2 act as an insulating region with a width of few nanometers, which spatially separates the top and bottom conducting channels and provides a strong Coulomb interaction between them, leading to large conductance oscillations at room temperature. The gradual suppression of the oscillations with the increase in the applied magnetic field and/or injected current further confirms the QI phenomenon. With the decrease in temperature, the Coulomb drag effect is exhibited in the system owing to the increased thickness of the insulating region. This study reveals a novel approach for realization of advanced quantum electronics operating at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh-Ha Doan
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjo Jin
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Tuan Khanh Chau
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Joo
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Physics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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7
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Vaz CI, Liu C, Campbell JP, Ryan JT, Southwick RG, Gundlach D, Oates AS, Huang R, Cheung KP. Observation of Strong Reflection of Electron Waves Exiting a Ballistic Channel at Low Energy. AIP ADVANCES 2016; 6:065212. [PMID: 27882264 PMCID: PMC5117664 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Wave scattering by a potential step is a ubiquitous concept. Thus, it is surprising that theoretical treatments of ballistic transport in nanoscale devices, from quantum point contacts to ballistic transistors, assume no reflection even when the potential step is encountered upon exiting the device. Experiments so far seem to support this even if it is not clear why. Here we report clear evidence of coherent reflection when electron wave exits the channel of a nanoscale transistor and when the electron energy is low. The observed behavior is well described by a simple rectangular potential barrier model which the Schrodinger's equation can be solved exactly. We can explain why reflection is not observed in most situations but cannot be ignored in some important situations. Our experiment also represents a direct measurement of electron injection velocity - a critical quantity in nanoscale transistors that is widely considered not measurable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canute I. Vaz
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
| | - Changze Liu
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jason P. Campbell
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
| | - Jason T. Ryan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
| | - Richard G. Southwick
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
- IBM Research, Albany, NY 12205, USA
| | - David Gundlach
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
| | - Anthony S. Oates
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation, Hsinchu 30844, Taiwan
| | - Ru Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kin. P. Cheung
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8120, USA
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8
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Nguyen VH, Niquet YM, Dollfus P. The interplay between the Aharonov-Bohm interference and parity selective tunneling in graphene nanoribbon rings. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:205301. [PMID: 24785639 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/20/205301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on a numerical study of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect and parity selective tunneling in pn junctions based on rectangular graphene rings where the contacts and ring arms are all made of zigzag nanoribbons. We find that when applying a magnetic field to the ring, the AB interference can reverse the parity symmetry of incoming waves and hence can strongly modulate the parity selective transmission through the system. Therefore, the transmission between two states of different parity exhibits the AB oscillations with a π-phase shift, compared to the case of states of the same parity. On this basis, it is shown that interesting effects, such as giant (both positive and negative) magnetoresistance and strong negative differential conductance, can be achieved in this structure. Our study thus presents a new property of the AB interference in graphene nanorings, which could be helpful for further understanding the transport properties of graphene mesoscopic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hung Nguyen
- L-Sim, SP2M, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, 38054 Grenoble, France. Center for Computational Physics, Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, PO Box 429 Bo Ho, 10000 Hanoi, Vietnam
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9
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Jung M, Lee JS, Song W, Kim YH, Lee SD, Kim N, Park J, Choi MS, Katsumoto S, Lee H, Kim J. Quantum interference in radial heterostructure nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:3189-3193. [PMID: 18767885 DOI: 10.1021/nl801506w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Core/shell heterostructure nanowires are one of the most interesting mesoscopic systems potentially suitable for the study of quantum interference phenomena. Here, we report on experimental observations of both the Aharonov-Bohm (h/e) and the Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak (h/2e) oscillations in radial core/shell (In2O3/InOx) heterostructure nanowires. For a long channel device with a length-to-width ratio of about 33, the magnetoresistance curves at low temperatures exhibited a crossover from low-field h/2e oscillation to high-field h/ e oscillation. The relationship between the oscillation period and the core width was investigated for freestanding or substrate-supported devices and indicated that the current flows dominantly through the core/shell interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyung Jung
- National Creative Research Initiative, Center for Smart Molecular Memory, Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute, Daejeon 305-700, Korea
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10
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11
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Vourdas A. Fractional Shapiro steps in electron interference in the presence of nonclassical microwaves. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:13175-13183. [PMID: 9985179 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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12
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Shin M, Lee S, Lee EH. Crossover behavior of the conductance oscillations in a quasi-one-dimensional ring in the ballistic limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:1014-1017. [PMID: 9983543 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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13
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Takagaki Y, Ploog K. Ballistic electron transmission in coupled parallel waveguides. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:1782-1788. [PMID: 10010971 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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14
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Semiconductor Quantum Devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2539(08)60074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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15
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Noguchi H, Leburton JP, Sakaki H. Transient and steady-state analysis of electron transport in one-dimensional coupled quantum-box structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:15593-15600. [PMID: 10005951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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16
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Joe YS, Ulloa SE. Electroconductance oscillations and quantum interference in ballistic nanostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:9948-9951. [PMID: 10005081 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.9948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Zhao P. Theory of guided electron waves in symmetric coupled-quantum-well waveguides. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:4301-4307. [PMID: 10002046 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.4301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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18
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Wang JQ, Yuan SQ, Gu BY, Yang GZ. Guided electron waves in coupled deep quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:13618-13625. [PMID: 9999564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Wu CH, Mahler G. Quantum network theory of transport with application to the generalized Aharonov-Bohm effect in metals and semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:5012-5023. [PMID: 9997877 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.5012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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20
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Yang RQ, Xu JM. Analysis of guided electron waves in coupled quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 43:1699-1706. [PMID: 9997421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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22
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Ambegaokar V, Eckern U. Coherence and persistent currents in mesoscopic rings. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 65:381-384. [PMID: 10042904 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.65.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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23
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Haucke H, Washburn S, Benoit AD, Umbach CP, Webb RA. Universal scaling of nonlocal and local resistance fluctuations in small wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:12454-12461. [PMID: 9993717 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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24
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Timp G, Mankiewich PM, Behringer R, Cunningham J. Tunable Aharonov-Bohm effect in an electron interferometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:3491-3494. [PMID: 9992317 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.3491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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25
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Mason BA, Hess K. Quantum Monte Carlo calculations of electron dynamics in dissipative solid-state systems using real-time path integrals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 39:5051-5069. [PMID: 9948894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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26
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Büttiker M. Absence of backscattering in the quantum Hall effect in multiprobe conductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:9375-9389. [PMID: 9945751 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.9375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 774] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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27
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Bandyopadhyay S. Fluctuations in the optical spectra of disordered microstructures due to quantum-interference effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:7466-7473. [PMID: 9945473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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28
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DiVincenzo DP, Kane CL. Voltage fluctuations in mesoscopic metal rings and wires. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:3006-3015. [PMID: 9946639 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.3006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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29
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Washburn S, Fowler AB, Schmid H, Kern D. Possible observation of transmission resonances in GaAs-AlxGa. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:1554-1557. [PMID: 9946427 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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30
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Cahay M, McLennan M, Datta S. Conductance of an array of elastic scatterers: A scattering-matrix approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:10125-10136. [PMID: 9944440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.10125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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31
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Lebens JA, Silsbee RH, Wright SL. Effect of a parallel magnetic field on tunneling in GaAs/AlxGa. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:10308-10311. [PMID: 9944466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.10308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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32
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Webb RA, Washburn S, Umbach CP. Experimental study of nonlinear conductance in small metallic samples. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:8455-8458. [PMID: 9944190 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Cheung HF, Gefen Y, Riedel EK, Shih WH. Persistent currents in small one-dimensional metal rings. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:6050-6062. [PMID: 9943835 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.6050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Mullen K, Ben-Jacob E, Jaklevic RC, Schuss Z. I-V characteristics of coupled ultrasmall-capacitance normal tunnel junctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 37:98-105. [PMID: 9943552 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.37.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Xie XC, DasSarma S. Aharonov-Bohm effect in the hopping conductivity of a small ring. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 36:9326-9328. [PMID: 9942811 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.9326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Washburn S, Schmid H, Kern D, Webb RA. Normal-metal Aharonov-Bohm effect in the presence of a transverse electric field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:1791-1794. [PMID: 10035332 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Landauer R, Buttiker M. Diffusive traversal time: Effective area in magnetically induced interference. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 36:6255-6260. [PMID: 9942329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.6255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Quantum phase and magnetic flux. Nature 1987. [DOI: 10.1038/329676a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Milliken FP, Washburn S, Umbach CP, Laibowitz RB, Webb RA. Effect of partial phase coherence on Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in metal loops. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 36:4465-4468. [PMID: 9943438 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.4465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Timp G, Chang AM, Cunningham JE, Chang TY, Mankiewich P, Behringer R, Howard RE. Observation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect for omega c tau >1. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:2814-2817. [PMID: 10034856 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Avishai Y, Band YB. Quantum-scattering determination of magnetoconductance for two-dimensional systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:2251-2254. [PMID: 10034693 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Datta S, Bandyopadhyay S. Aharonov-Bohm effect in semiconductor microstructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:717-720. [PMID: 10035017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Benoit AD, Washburn S, Umbach CP, Laibowitz RB, Webb RA. Asymmetry in the magnetoconductance of metal wires and loops. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1986; 57:1765-1768. [PMID: 10033539 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.57.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Murat M, Gefen Y, Imry Y. Ensemble and temperature averaging of quantum oscillations in normal-metal rings. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1986; 34:659-668. [PMID: 9939671 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.34.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Skocpol WJ, Mankiewich PM, Howard RE, Jackel LD, Tennant DM, Stone AD. Universal conductance fluctuations in silicon inversion-layer nanostructures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1986; 56:2865-2868. [PMID: 10033115 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.56.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Landauer R. Zener tunneling and dissipation in small loops. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1986; 33:6497-6499. [PMID: 9939209 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Büttiker M, Klapwijk TM. Flux sensitivity of a piecewise normal and superconducting metal loop. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1986; 33:5114-5117. [PMID: 9939001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.5114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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