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KOBAYASHI T. Experimental verification of the standard model of particle physics. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 97:211-235. [PMID: 33980753 PMCID: PMC8141838 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.97.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The history concerning an experimental verification of the standard model of particle physics is reviewed with special emphasis on results from experiments using the highest-energy particle colliders, namely, PETRA, LEP and LHC. This article covers physics subjects from discovering the gluon and precise measurements at LEP, to discovering the Higgs boson. It also covers some searches for physics beyond the standard model, particularly supersymmetry, as well as recent developments of some particle detectors that were used in those experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomio KOBAYASHI
- International Center for Elementary Particle Physics (ICEPP), The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Branchina V, Consoli M, Fiore R, Zappal D. Combined fit to R(e+e--->hadrons) and data from the CERN e+e-collider LEP. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1992; 46:75-83. [PMID: 10014742 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.46.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Grindhammer G, Hylen J, Harral B, Hearty C, Labarga L, Matthews J, Schaad M, Abrams G, Adolphsen CE, Akerlof C, Alexander JP, Alvarez M, Baden AR, Ballam J, Barish BC, Barklow T, Barnett BA, Bartelt J, Blockus D, Bonvicini G, Boyarski A, Boyer J, Brabson B, Breakstone A, Brom JM, Bulos F, Burchat PR, Burke DL, Butler F, Calvino F, Cence RJ, Chapman J, Cords D, Coupal DP, DeStaebler HC, Dorfan DE, Dorfan JM, Drell PS, Feldman GJ, Fernandez E, Field RC, Ford WT, Fordham C, Frey R, Fujino D, Gan KK, Gidal G, Glanzman T, Goldhaber G, Green A, Grosse-Wiesmann P, Haggerty J, Hanson G, Harr R, Harris FA, Hawkes CM, Hayes K, Herrup D, Heusch CA, Himel T, Hoenk M, Hutchinson D. Measurement of the total hadronic cross section in e+e- annihilation at sqrt s =29 GeV. Int J Clin Exp Med 1991; 43:34-45. [PMID: 10013226 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.43.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kumita T, Sagawa H, Auchincloss P, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Eno S, Fry CA, Harada H, Ho YH, Kim YK, Mori T, Olsen SL, Shaw NM, Sill A, Thorndike EH, Ueno K, Zheng HW, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Walker R, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Ye MH, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL. Measurements of R for e+e- annihilation at the KEK collider TRISTAN. Int J Clin Exp Med 1990; 42:1339-1349. [PMID: 10012975 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.42.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zheng HW, Perez P, Auchincloss P, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Eno S, Fry CA, Harada H, Ho YH, Kim YK, Kumita T, Mori T, Olsen SL, Shaw NM, Sill A, Thorndike EH, Ueno K, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Ye MH, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Stuart D, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y. Charged-particle multiplicities in e+e- annihilations at sqrt s =50-61.4 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1990; 42:737-747. [PMID: 10012894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.42.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Smith JR, McNeil RR, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Rowe J, Stuart D, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Ye MH, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Walker R, Kajino F, Perticone D, Poling R, Thomas T, Ishi Y, Miyano K, Miyata H, Sasaki T, Yamashita Y, Bacala A, Liu J, Park IH, Sannes F, Schnetzer S. Mass limits of charged Higgs boson at large tan beta from e+e- annihilations at sqrt s =50-60.8 GeV. Int J Clin Exp Med 1990; 42:949-951. [PMID: 10012925 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.42.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li YK, Li J, Cheng CP, Gu P, Ye MH, Zhu YC, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Stuart D, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Walker RC, Kajino F, Perticone D, Poling R, Thomas T, Ishi Y, Miyano K, Miyata H, Sasaki T, Yamashita Y, Bacala A, Liu J, Park IH, Sannes F, Schnetzer S, Stone R. Multihadron-event properties in e+e- annihilation at sqrt s =52-57 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1990; 41:2675-2688. [PMID: 10012661 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.41.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Stuart D, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Ye MH, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Walker R, Kajino F, Perticone D, Poling R, Thomas T, Ishi Y, Miyano K, Miyata H, Sasaki T, Yamashita Y, Bacala A, Liu J, Park IH, Sannes F, Schnetzer S, Stone R. Forward-backward charge asymmetry in e+e--->hadron jets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:983-986. [PMID: 10042133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Sagawa H, Lim J, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Imlay R, Kirk P, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Mao ZP, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Sparks K, Stuart D, Williams MC, Kajino F, Perticone D, Poling R, Thomas T, Bacala A, Park IH, Sannes F, Schnetzer S, Stone R, Vinson J, Ishi Y, Miyano K, Miyata H, Sasaki T. Measurement of e+e--->bb-bar forward-backward charge asymmetry between sqrt s =52 and 57 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:2341-2345. [PMID: 10040864 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.2341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Eno S, Auchincloss P, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Fry CA, Harada H, Ho YH, Kim YK, Kumita T, Mori T, Olsen SL, Shaw NM, Sill A, Thorndike EH, Ueno K, Zheng HW, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Mao ZP, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Stuart D, Williams MC, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y. Search for a fourth-generation charge -(1/3 quark. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:1910-1913. [PMID: 10040711 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Kim YK, Auchincloss P, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Eno S, Fry CA, Harada H, Ho YH, Kumita T, Mori T, Olsen SL, Shaw NM, Sill A, Thorndike EH, Ueno K, Zheng HW, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Mao ZP, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu KP, Low EH, Mattson ME, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Stuart D, Williams MC, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y. Comparison of quark and gluon jets produced in high-energy e+e- annihilations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:1772-1775. [PMID: 10040669 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Shaw NM, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Coombes R, Eno S, Fry CA, Harada H, Ho YH, Kim YK, Kumita T, Mori T, Olsen SL, Sill A, Thorndike EH, Ueno K, Zheng HW, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Myung SS, Cheng CP, Gu P, Li J, Li YK, Mao ZP, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Hu K, Low EH, Mattson ME, Naito F, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Breedon RE, Kim GN, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Sparks K, Williams MC, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H. Search for unstable heavy neutral leptons in e+e- annihilations at sqrt s from 50 to 60.8 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 63:1342-1345. [PMID: 10040542 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.63.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Alam MS, Katayama N, Kim IJ, Li WC, Lou XC, Sun CR, Bortoletto D, Goldberg M, Horwitz N, Mestayer MD, Moneti GC, Sharma V, Shipsey IP, Skwarnicki T, Csorna SE, Letson T, Brock IC, Ferguson T, Artuso M, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blucher E, Byrd J, Cassel DG, Cheu E, Coffman DM, Crawford G, DeSalvo R, DeWire JW, Drell PS, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Halling AM, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Kandaswamy J, Kowalewski R, Kreinick DL, Kubota Y, Lewis JD, Mistry NB, Mueller J, Namjoshi R, Nandi S, Nordberg E, O'Grady C, Peterson D, Pisharody M, Riley D, Sapper M, Silverman A, Stone S, Worden H, Worris M, Sadoff AJ, Avery P, Besson D, Garren L, Yelton J, Bowcock T, Kinoshita K, Pipkin FM. Search for a neutral Higgs boson in B-meson decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1989; 40:712-720. [PMID: 10011872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.40.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Park IH, Schnetzer S, Green J, Sakamoto S, Sannes F, Stone R, Trentalange S, Vinson J, Bacala A, Imlay R, Kirk P, Lim J, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Cheng CP, Li J, Li YK, Mao ZP, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Low EH, Mattson ME, Naito F, Piilonen L, Sterner KL, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wang AT, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Smith JR, Sparks K, Williams MC, Abe K, Fujii Y, Higashi Y, Kim SK, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Tsuchiya K, Kajino F, Perticone D, Poling R, Thomas T, Ishi Y, Miyano K, Miyata H, Yamashita Y. Experimental evidence for the non-Abelian nature of QCD from a study of multijet events produced in e+e- annihilation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 62:1713-1716. [PMID: 10039748 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.1713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Koide Y. Quark mass matrix with family-independent quark mixing. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1989; 39:1391-1395. [PMID: 9959791 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.39.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Kim GN, Kim EJ, Son D, Bacala A, Imlay R, Kirk P, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Cheng CP, Mao ZP, Yan Y, Xu YT, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Kajino F, Low E, Naito F, Piilonen L, Childers R, Darden C, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wilson S, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Higashi JR, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Perez P, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Tsuchiya K, Poling R, Green J, Park IH, Sakamoto S, Sannes F, Schnetzer S, Stone R, Trentalange S, Zimmerman D, Miyano K, Miyata H, Ogawa M, Yamashita Y, Blanis D, Bodek A, Budd H, Coombes R, Eno S, Fry CA, Harada H. Experimental mass limit for the fourth-generation sequential lepton from e+e- annihilations at sqrt s-bar=56 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 61:911-914. [PMID: 10039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.61.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Igarashi S, Myung SS, Chiba R, Hanaoka K, Miyashita M, Murata H, Yokota H, Bacala A, Imlay R, Kirk P, McNeil RR, Metcalf W, Cheng CP, Mao ZP, Yan Y, Xu YT, Zhou HS, Zhu YC, Abashian A, Gotow K, Kajino F, Naito F, Childers R, Darden C, Edwards J, Lusin S, Rosenfeld C, Wilson S, Johnson D, Frautschi M, Kagan H, Kass R, Trahern CG, Lee HY, Ko W, Lander RL, Maeshima K, Malchow RL, Sparks K, Williams MC, Abe K, Chakrabarti S, Fujii Y, Higashi T, Ishimoto S, Kurihara Y, Maki A, Nozaki T, Omori T, Perez P, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sugimoto Y, Takaiwa Y, Terada S, Tsuchiya K, Poling R, Aldritch A, Green J, Park IH, Sakamoto S, Sannes F, Schnetzer S, Stone R. Search for isolated leptons in low-thrust e+e- annihilation events at sqrt s =50 and 52 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:2359-2362. [PMID: 10038331 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.2359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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