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Zhang L, Sob M, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Lu GH. Characterization of iron ferromagnetism by the local atomic volume: from three-dimensional structures to isolated atoms. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:086002. [PMID: 24501204 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/8/086002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of the relationship between the ferromagnetism and the structural properties of Fe systems from three-dimensional ones to isolated atoms based on the spin-density functional theory. We have found a relation between the magnetic moment and the volume of the Voronoi polyhedron, determining, in most cases, the value of the total magnetic moment as a function of this volume with an average accuracy of ±0.28 μ(B) and of the 3d magnetic moment with an average accuracy of ±0.07 μ(B) when the atomic volume is larger than 22 ų. It is demonstrated that this approach is applicable for many three-dimensional systems, including high-symmetry structures of perfect body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc), hexagonal close-packed (hcp), double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp), and simple cubic (sc) crystals, as well as for lower-symmetry ones, for example atoms near a grain boundary (GB) or a surface, around a vacancy or in a linear chain (for low-dimensional cases, we provide a generalized definition of the Voronoi polyhedron). Also, we extend the validity of the Stoner model to low-dimensional structures, such as atomic chains, free-standing monolayers and surfaces, determining the Stoner parameter for these systems. The ratio of the 3d-exchange splitting to the magnetic moment, corresponding to the Stoner parameter, is found to be I(3d) = (0.998 ± 0.006) eV /μ(B) for magnetic moments up to 3.0 μ(B). Further, the 3d exchange splitting changes nearly linearly in the region of higher magnetic moments (3.0-4.0 μ(B)) and the corresponding Stoner exchange parameter equals I(h)(3d) = (0.272 ± 0.006) eV /μ(B). The existence of these two regions reflects the fact that, with increasing Voronoi volume, the 3d bands separate first and, consequently, the 3d magnetic moment increases. When the Voronoi volume is sufficiently large (≥22 ų), the separation of the 3d bands is complete and the magnetic moment reaches a value of 3.0 μ(B). Then, when the volume further increases, the 4s bands start to separate, increasing thus the 4s magnetic moment. Surprisingly, in the region of higher magnetic moments (≥3.0 μ(B)), there is also a linear relationship between the 4s exchange splitting and the total magnetic moment with a slope of I(h)(4s) = (1.053 ± 0.016) eV /μ(B), which is nearly identical to I(3d) for magnetic moments up to 3.0 μB. These linear relations can be considered as an extension of the Stoner model for low-dimensional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Software Center for High Performance Numerical Simulation, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China. Department of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Donath M, Pickel M, Schmidt AB, Weinelt M. Ferromagnetic Fe on Cu(001) throughout the fcc-like phase: arguing from the viewpoint of the electronic structure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:134004. [PMID: 21817479 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/13/134004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The scientific enthusiasm for ultrathin Fe films on Cu(001) has now lasted for more than 20 years. Is there ferromagnetic iron with a face-centred cubic (fcc) structure? Does ferromagnetism in Fe hinge on the body-centred cubic (bcc) structure? In this contribution, we try to establish that the electron system gives evidence of ferromagnetic behaviour with fcc-like electronic bands. We examine a crystal-induced surface state, which is characteristic of fcc surface order. Furthermore, we compare electronic signatures of fcc and bcc: the d-band exchange splitting, image-potential-state energies and the work function. We conclude that, from the viewpoint of the electronic structure, Fe on Cu(001) is found to be ferromagnetic throughout the fcc-like phase. This result raises a new question: how much deviation from the relaxed fcc order is acceptable without losing the electronic signature of fcc?
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Affiliation(s)
- M Donath
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Zhang Y, Wei J, Ou HW, Zhao JF, Zhou B, Chen F, Xu M, He C, Wu G, Chen H, Arita M, Shimada K, Namatame H, Taniguchi M, Chen XH, Feng DL. Unusual doping dependence of the electronic structure and coexistence of spin-density-wave and superconductor phases in single crystalline Sr1-xKxFe2As2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:127003. [PMID: 19392313 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.127003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the spin-density wave (SDW) and its relation with superconductivity are crucial issues in the newly discovered iron-pnictide superconductors. Particularly, it is unclear whether the superconducting phase and SDW are truly exclusive from each other. We here report splittings of the band structures in Sr1-xKxFe2As2 (x=0, 0.1, 0.18), and their unusual doping dependence. Our data on single crystalline samples prove that the SDW and superconductivity could coexist in iron pnictides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Yang LX, Zhang Y, Ou HW, Zhao JF, Shen DW, Zhou B, Wei J, Chen F, Xu M, He C, Chen Y, Wang ZD, Wang XF, Wu T, Wu G, Chen XH, Arita M, Shimada K, Taniguchi M, Lu ZY, Xiang T, Feng DL. Electronic structure and unusual exchange splitting in the spin-density-wave state of the BaFe2As2 parent compound of iron-based superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:107002. [PMID: 19392146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.107002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic properties in the parent compounds are often intimately related to the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity. Here we report the first direct measurements on the electronic structure of a parent compound of the newly discovered iron-based superconductor, BaFe2As2, which provides a foundation for further studies. We show that the energy of the spin density wave in BaFe2As2 is mainly lowered through exotic exchange splitting of the band structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L X Yang
- Surface Physics Laboratory (National key laboratory), Physics Department, and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Paluskar PV, Lavrijsen R, Sicot M, Kohlhepp JT, Swagten HJM, Koopmans B. Correlation between magnetism and spin-dependent transport in CoFeB alloys. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:016602. [PMID: 19257223 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.016602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a correlation between the spin polarization of the tunneling electrons and the magnetic moment of amorphous CoFeB alloys. Such a correlation is surprising since the spin polarization of the tunneling electrons involves s-like electrons close to the Fermi level (E_{F}), while the magnetic moment mainly arises due to all the d electrons below E_{F}. We show that probing the s and d bands individually provides clear and crucial evidence for such a correlation to exist through s-d hybridization, and demonstrate the tunability of the electronic and magnetic properties of CoFeB alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- P V Paluskar
- Department of Applied Physics, cNM, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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Altmann KN, Gilman N, Hayoz J, Willis RF, Himpsel FJ. Effect of magnetic doping on the electronic states of Ni. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:137201. [PMID: 11580621 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.137201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission is used to determine the change in the electronic states of Ni induced by doping with Fe and Cr. Well-defined spin and k states are selected using high energy and k resolution combined with single crystal alloys. Iron suppresses the mean free path of minority spins only, while chromium suppresses both spins and decreases the magnetic splitting. The strong variation of these effects from one impurity to the other supports the concept of magnetic doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- K N Altmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1390, USA
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Lorenz R, Hafner J. Magnetic structure and anisotropy of thin Fe films on Cu(001) substrates. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:15937-15949. [PMID: 9985663 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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O'Brien WL, Tonner BP. Room-temperature magnetic phases of Fe on fcc Co(001) and Ni(001). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:15332-15340. [PMID: 9980890 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.15332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Hwang C, Himpsel FJ. Electronic states induced by interface doping of Cu/Ni(100) with Co. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:15368-15371. [PMID: 9980894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Ciccacci F. Empty electronic states in magnetic thin films: Fe on Au(100), Ag(100), and Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:11538-11545. [PMID: 9977887 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.11538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Spisák D, Becker C, Hafner J. Enhanced magnetism in amorphous Co-Y alloys: An ab initio approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:11616-11624. [PMID: 9977897 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.11616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Jin X, Zhang M, Dong GS, Chen Y, Xu M, Zhu XG, Wang X, Lu ED, Pan HB, Xu PS, Zhang XY, Fan CY. Magnetic ordering of Mn overlayers on GaAs(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:9585-9588. [PMID: 9975016 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.9585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Becker C, Hafner J. Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Fe-Y alloys. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:3913-3930. [PMID: 9976670 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.3913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Sakurai M. Magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial Fe/Pt(001) multilayers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:3761-3766. [PMID: 9976654 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.3761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Haugan ME, Chen Q, Onellion M, Himpsel FJ. Unoccupied states of Cr on Au(100), Ag(100), and Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:14028-14031. [PMID: 10010360 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.14028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Li D, Freitag M, Pearson J, Qiu ZQ, Bader SD. Magnetic phases of ultrathin Fe grown on Cu(100) as epitaxial wedges. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:3112-3115. [PMID: 10056070 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.3112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Turek I, Kudrnovsk J, Drchal V, Weinberger P. Itinerant magnetism of disordered Fe-Co and Ni-Cu alloys in two and three dimensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:3352-3362. [PMID: 10011197 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Hafner J, Tegze M, Becker C. Amorphous magnetism in Fe-B alloys: First-principles spin-polarized electronic-structure calculations. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:285-298. [PMID: 10009285 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chiaia G, Mazzolari L, Ciccacci F. Thin Fe films grown on Ag(100) studied by angle- and spin-resolved inverse-photoemission spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:11298-11304. [PMID: 10007441 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.11298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Liu BX, Pan F. Magnetic properties of vapor-deposited iron-noble-metal multilayers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:10276-10283. [PMID: 10007305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.10276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Mankey GJ, Willis RF, Himpsel FJ. Band structure of the magnetic fcc pseudomorphs: Ni(100), Co(100), and Fe(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:10284-10291. [PMID: 10007306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.10284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Ortega JE, Himpsel FJ. Inverse photoemission from V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co monolayers on Ag(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:16441-16446. [PMID: 10006076 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.16441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kraft T, Methfessel M, van Schilfgaarde M, Scheffler M. Effect of substrate-imposed strain on the growth of metallic overlayers calculated for fcc and hcp iron. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:9862-9869. [PMID: 10005059 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.9862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kief MT, Egelhoff WF. Growth and structure of Fe and Co thin films on Cu(111), Cu(100), and Cu(110): A comprehensive study of metastable film growth. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:10785-10814. [PMID: 10005198 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.10785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Pan F, Tao K, Yang T, Liu BX. Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of the Fe/Cu Nano-Multilayers by Vapour Deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2211350223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mankey GJ, Willis RF, Himpsel FJ. Unoccupied electronic states of ultrathin films of Co/Cu(111) and Fe/Cu(111). PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 47:190-196. [PMID: 10004433 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Thomassen J, May F, Feldmann B, Wuttig M, Ibach H. Magnetic live surface layers in Fe/Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:3831-3834. [PMID: 10046925 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fischer R, Fischer N, Schuppler S, Fauster T, Himpsel FJ. Image states on Co(0001) and Fe(110) probed by two-photon photoemission. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:9691-9693. [PMID: 10002780 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.9691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Turek I, Hafner J. Magnetism of amorphous iron: From ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism and spin-glass behavior. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:247-256. [PMID: 10002206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Pappas DP, Brundle CR, Hopster H. Reduction of macroscopic moment in ultrathin Fe films as the magnetic orientation changes. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:8169-8172. [PMID: 10000641 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.8169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Glatzel H, Schneider R, Fauster T, Dose V. Unoccupied electronic states of epitaxial iron layers on Cu(100). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01573837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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