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Delfino G, Selke W, Squarcini A. Vortex Mass in the Three-Dimensional O(2) Scalar Theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:050602. [PMID: 30822034 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.050602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We study the spontaneously broken phase of the XY model in three dimensions, with boundary conditions enforcing the presence of a vortex line. Comparing Monte Carlo and field-theoretic determinations of the magnetization and energy density profiles, we numerically determine the mass of the vortex particle in the underlying O(2)-invariant quantum field theory. The result shows, in particular, that the obstruction posed by Derrick's theorem to the existence of stable topological particles in scalar theories in more than two dimensions does not in general persist beyond the classical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesualdo Delfino
- SISSA-Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- INFN sezione di Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Walter Selke
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alessio Squarcini
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- IV. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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2
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Josephson vortex loops in nanostructured Josephson junctions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2733. [PMID: 29426843 PMCID: PMC5807441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Linked and knotted vortex loops have recently received a revival of interest. Such three-dimensional topological entities have been observed in both classical- and super-fluids, as well as in optical systems. In superconductors, they remained obscure due to their instability against collapse - unless supported by inhomogeneous magnetic field. Here we reveal a new kind of vortex matter in superconductors - the Josephson vortex loops - formed and stabilized in planar junctions or layered superconductors as a result of nontrivial cutting and recombination of Josephson vortices around the barriers for their motion. Engineering latter barriers opens broad perspectives on loop manipulation and control of other possible knotted/linked/entangled vortex topologies in nanostructured superconductors. In the context of Josephson devices proposed to date, the high-frequency excitations of the Josephson loops can be utilized in future design of powerful emitters, tunable filters and waveguides of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation, thereby pushing forward the much needed Terahertz technology.
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Whispering galleries and the control of artificial atoms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25084. [PMID: 27122353 PMCID: PMC4848508 DOI: 10.1038/srep25084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum computation using artificial-atoms, such as novel superconducting circuits,
can be sensitively controlled by external electromagnetic fields. These fields and
the self-fields attributable to the coupled artificial-atoms influence the amount of
quantum correlation in the system. However, control elements that can operate
without complete destruction of the entanglement of the quantum-bits are difficult
to engineer. Here we investigate the possibility of using closely-spaced-linear
arrays of metallic-elliptical discs as whispering gallery waveguides to control
artificial-atoms. The discs confine and guide radiation through the array with small
notches etched into their sides that act as scatterers. We focus on
π-ring artificial-atoms, which can generate their own
spontaneous fluxes. We find that the micro-discs of the waveguides can be excited by
terahertz frequency fields to exhibit whispering-modes and that a quantum-phase-gate
composed of π-rings can be operated under their influence.
Furthermore, we gauge the level of entanglement through the concurrence measure and
show that under certain magnetic conditions a series of entanglement sudden-deaths
and revivals occur between the two qubits. This is important for understanding the
stability and life-time of qubit operations using, for example, a phase gate in a
hybrid of quantum technologies composed of control elements and
artificial-atoms.
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da Silva RM, Milošević MV, Shanenko AA, Peeters FM, Aguiar JA. Giant paramagnetic Meissner effect in multiband superconductors. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12695. [PMID: 26244936 PMCID: PMC4525483 DOI: 10.1038/srep12695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Superconductors, ideally diamagnetic when in the Meissner state, can also exhibit paramagnetic behavior due to trapped magnetic flux. In the absence of pinning such paramagnetic response is weak, and ceases with increasing sample thickness. Here we show that in multiband superconductors paramagnetic response can be observed even in slab geometries, and can be far larger than any previous estimate - even multiply larger than the diamagnetic Meissner response for the same applied magnetic field. We link the appearance of this giant paramagnetic response to the broad crossover between conventional Type-I and Type-II superconductors, where Abrikosov vortices interact non-monotonically and multibody effects become important, causing unique flux configurations and their locking in the presence of surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência dos Materiais, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Jorn. Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - M V Milošević
- Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - A A Shanenko
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Jorn. Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - F M Peeters
- Departement Fysica, Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - J Albino Aguiar
- 1] Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Jorn. Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil [2] Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência dos Materiais, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Jorn. Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
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Kumar S, Tomy CV, Balakrishnan G, Paul DM, Grover AK. Paramagnetic magnetization signals and curious metastable behaviour in field-cooled magnetization of a single crystal of superconductor 2H-NbSe2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:295701. [PMID: 26154109 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/29/295701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present here some newer characteristics pertaining to paramagnetic Meissner effect like response in a single crystal of the low [Formula: see text] superconducting compound 2H-[Formula: see text] via a detailed study of effects of perturbation on the field-cooled magnetization response. In the temperature range, where an anomalous paramagnetic magnetization occurs, the field-cooled magnetization response is found to be highly metastable: it displays a curious tendency to switch randomly from a given paramagnetic value to a diamagnetic or to a different paramagnetic value, when the system is perturbed by an impulse of an externally applied ac magnetic field. The new facets revealed in a single crystal of 2H-[Formula: see text] surprisingly bear a marked resemblance with the characteristics of magnetization behaviour anticipated for the giant vortex states with multiple flux quanta ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) predicted to occur in mesoscopic-sized superconducting specimen and possible transitions amongst such states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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Sobnack MB, Kusmartsev FV. Suppression of superconductivity in mesoscopic superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:716-719. [PMID: 11177920 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new boundary-driven phase transition associated with vortex nucleation in mesoscopic superconductors (of size of the order of, or larger than, the penetration depth). We derive the rescaling equations and we show that boundary effects associated with vortex nucleation lower the conventional transition temperature in mesoscopic superconductors by an amount which is a function of the size of the superconductor. This result explains recent experiments in small superconductors where it was found that the transition temperature depends on the size of the system and is lower than the critical Berezinskĭ-Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Sobnack
- Department of Physics, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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Kawamura H, Li MS. Monte Carlo studies of the ordering of ceramic superconductors: Chiral-glass, orbital-glass, and nonlinear susceptibilities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:619-636. [PMID: 9984298 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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He Y, Muirhead CM, Vinen WF. Paramagnetic Meissner effect in high-temperature superconductors: Experiments and interpretation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:12441-12453. [PMID: 9982878 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kostic P, Veal B, Paulikas AP, Welp U, Todt VR, Gu C, Geiser U, Williams JM, Carlson KD, Klemm RA. Paramagnetic Meissner effect in Nb. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:791-801. [PMID: 9983035 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Magnusson J, Björnander M, Pust L, Svedlindh P, Nordblad P, Lundström T. Time dependence of the magnetization of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 displaying the paramagnetic Meissner effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:7675-7681. [PMID: 9979712 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Thompson DJ, Minhaj MS, Wenger LE, Chen JT. Observation of paramagnetic Meissner effect in niobium disks. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:529-532. [PMID: 10060044 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Kötzler J, Baumann M, Knauf N. Complete inversion of the Meissner effect in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ delta ceramics at ultralow fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:1215-1218. [PMID: 9980702 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Magnusson J, Andersson J, Björnander M, Nordblad P, Svedlindh P. Time dependence of the paramagnetic Meissner effect: Comparison between model calculations and experiments. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:12776-12781. [PMID: 9978054 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bandte C, Appel J. CuO2 bilayer containing magnetic impurities. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:11988-11991. [PMID: 9977951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.11988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Lin CL, Wang XQ, Kotowich S, Bykovetz N, Mihalisin T, Chu F, Wang JT. Observation of glass behavior at low fields in polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:8390-8394. [PMID: 9977449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.8390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chen D, Hernando A. Magnetization of symmetric 0- pi Josephson junctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:10107-10116. [PMID: 9975094 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.10107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rodrigues P, Schaf J, Pureur P. Field and oxygen dependence of the magnetic irreversibility line in YBa2Cu3O7- delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:15292-15298. [PMID: 10010641 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.15292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Riedling S, Bräuchle G, Lucht R, Röhberg K, Löhneysen H, Claus H, Erb A, Müller-Vogt G. Observation of the Wohlleben effect in YBa2Cu3O7- delta single crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:13283-13286. [PMID: 10010260 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Domínguez D, Jagla EA, Balseiro CA. Phenomenological theory of the paramagnetic Meissner effect. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:2773-2776. [PMID: 10055973 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Wolf M, Gey W. Strong magnetic relaxation toward diamagnetism and evidence for glassy behavior in YBa2Cu3O7- delta single crystals close to Tc. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:6707-6710. [PMID: 10009238 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.6707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Braunisch W, Knauf N, Bauer G, Kock A, Becker A, Freitag B, Grütz A, Kataev V, Neuhausen S, Roden B, Khomskii D, Wohlleben D, Bock J, Preisler E. Paramagnetic Meissner effect in high-temperature superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:4030-4042. [PMID: 10008853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.4030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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