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Wang X, Cao J, Li H, Lu Z, Cohen A, Haldar A, Kitadai H, Tan Q, Burch KS, Smirnov D, Xu W, Sharifzadeh S, Liang L, Ling X. Electronic Raman scattering in the 2D antiferromagnet NiPS 3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl7707. [PMID: 35030029 PMCID: PMC8759744 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Correlated-electron systems have long been an important platform for various interesting phenomena and fundamental questions in condensed matter physics. As a pivotal process in these systems, d-d transitions have been suggested as a key factor toward realizing optical spin control in two-dimensional (2D) magnets. However, it remains unclear how d-d excitations behave in quasi-2D systems with strong electronic correlation and spin-charge coupling. Here, we present a systematic electronic Raman spectroscopy investigation on d-d transitions in a 2D antiferromagnet—NiPS3, from bulk to atomically thin samples. Two electronic Raman modes originating from the scattering of incident photons with d electrons in Ni2+ ions are observed at ~1.0 eV. This electronic process persists down to trilayer flakes and exhibits insensitivity to the spin ordering of NiPS3. Our study demonstrates the utility of electronic Raman scattering in investigating the unique electronic structure and its coupling to magnetism in correlated 2D magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhengguang Lu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Arielle Cohen
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anubhab Haldar
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hikari Kitadai
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Qishuo Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Burch
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Dmitry Smirnov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Weigao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sahar Sharifzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Liangbo Liang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xi Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Mydosh JA, Oppeneer PM, Riseborough PS. Hidden order and beyond: an experimental-theoretical overview of the multifaceted behavior of URu 2Si 2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:143002. [PMID: 31801118 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5eba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This topical review describes the multitude of unconventional behaviors in the hidden order, heavy fermion, antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases of the intermetallic compound URu2Si2 when tuned with pressure, magnetic field, and substitutions for all three elements. Such 'perturbations' result in a variety of new phases beyond the mysterious hidden order that are only now being slowly understood through a series of state-of-the-science experimentation, along with an array of novel theoretical approaches. Despite all these efforts spanning more than 30 years, hidden order (HO) remains puzzling and non-clarified, and the search continues in 2019 into a fourth decade for its final resolution. Here we attempt to update the present situation of URu2Si2 importing the latest experimental results and theoretical proposals. First, let us consider the pristine compound as a function of temperature and report the recent measurements and models relating to its heavy Fermi liquid crossover, its HO and superconductivity (SC). Recent experiments and theories are surmized that address four-fold symmetry breaking (or nematicity), Isingness and unconventional excitation modes. Second, we review the pressure dependence of URu2Si2 and its transformation to antiferromagnetic long-range order. Next we confront the dramatic high magnetic-field phases requiring fields above 40 T. And finally, we attempt to answer how does random substitutions of other 5f elements for U, and 3d, 4d, and 5d elements for Ru, and even P for Si affect and transform the HO. Commensurately, recent theoretical models are summarized and then related to the intriguing experimental behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Mydosh
- Institute Lorentz and Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Buhot J, Méasson MA, Gallais Y, Cazayous M, Sacuto A, Lapertot G, Aoki D. Symmetry of the excitations in the hidden order state of URu2Si2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:266405. [PMID: 25615363 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.266405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We perform polarized electronic Raman scattering on URu2Si2 single crystals at low temperature down to 8 K in the hidden-order state and under a magnetic field up to 10 T. The hidden-order state is characterized by a sharp excitation at 1.7 meV and a gap in the electronic continuum below 6.8 meV. Both Raman signatures are of pure A2g symmetry. By comparing the behavior of the Raman sharp excitation and the neutron resonance at Q0=(0,0,1), we provide new evidence, constrained by selection rules of the two probes, that the hidden-order state breaks the translational symmetry along the c axis such that Γ and Z points fold on top of each other. The observation of these distinct Raman features with a peculiar A2g symmetry as a signature of the hidden-order phase places strong constraints on current theories of the hidden-order in URu2Si2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Buhot
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M-A Méasson
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Y Gallais
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - M Cazayous
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - A Sacuto
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Bâtiment Condorcet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - G Lapertot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France and CEA, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - D Aoki
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France and CEA, INAC-SPSMS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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4
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Hill JP, Blumberg G, Kim YJ, Ellis DS, Wakimoto S, Birgeneau RJ, Komiya S, Ando Y, Liang B, Greene RL, Casa D, Gog T. Observation of a 500 meV collective mode in La2-xSrxCuO4 and Nd2CuO4 using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:097001. [PMID: 18352743 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, we report a previously unobserved mode in the excitation spectrum of La2-xSrxCuO4 and Nd2CuO4 at 500 meV. The mode is peaked around the (pi, 0) point in reciprocal space and is observed to soften, and broaden, away from this point. Samples with x=0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.17 were studied. The new mode is found to be rapidly suppressed with increasing Sr content and is absent at x=0.17, where it is replaced by a continuum of excitations. This mode is only observed when the incident x-ray polarization is normal to the CuO planes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Hill
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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Schumacher AB, Dodge JS, Carnahan MA, Kaindl RA, Chemla DS, Miller LL. Parity-forbidden excitations of Sr(2)CuO(2)Cl(2) revealed by optical third-harmonic spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:127006. [PMID: 11580545 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.127006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the first study of nonlinear optical third-harmonic generation (THG) in the strongly correlated charge-transfer insulator Sr(2)CuO(2)Cl(2). For fundamental excitation in the near infrared, the THG spectrum reveals a strongly resonant response for photon energies near 0.7 eV. Polarization analysis reveals this novel resonance to be only partially accounted for by three-photon excitation to the optical charge-transfer exciton, and indicates that an even-parity state at 2 eV, with a(1g) symmetry, participates in the third-harmonic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Schumacher
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Schülzgen A, Kawabe Y, Hanamura E, Yamanaka A, Blanche PA, Lee J, Sato H, Naito M, Dan NT, Uchida S, Tanabe Y, Peyghambarian N. Two-photon resonant third-harmonic generation in La2CuO4. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3164-3167. [PMID: 11290133 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Combining linear absorption and nonlinear third harmonic generation (THG) experiments, we investigate details of the electronic structure of the highly correlated electronic system in La2CuO4. We demonstrate strong THG mainly due to the charge transfer excitation from O (2p(sigma)) to Cu (3d(x2-y2)). The THG spectrum shows pronounced features due to three-photon and two-photon resonance enhancement as well as quantum interference effects. We obtain excellent agreement with a THG spectrum calculated in terms of the excitonic cluster model and can identify both odd and even symmetry excitation modes.
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7
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Simón ME, Aligia AA, Batista CD, Gagliano ER, Lema F. Excitons in insulating cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:R3780-R3783. [PMID: 9986371 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r3780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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8
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Martin RL. Electronic localization in the cuprates. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:15501-15512. [PMID: 9983381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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9
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Zibold A, Liu HL, Moore SW, Graybeal JM, Tanner DB. Optical properties of single-crystal Sr2CuO2Cl2. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:11734-11743. [PMID: 9982798 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.11734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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10
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Rübhausen M, Dieckmann N, Bock A, Merkt U, Widder W, Braun HF. Resonant magnon Raman scattering in PrBa2Cu3O7 single crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:8619-8622. [PMID: 9982373 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.8619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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11
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Salamon D, Abbamonte P, Liu R, Klein MV, Lee WC, Ginsberg DM, Tartakovskii II, Veal BW. Large-shift Raman scattering features in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 53:886-891. [PMID: 9983045 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Salamon D, Liu R, Klein MV, Karlow MA, Cooper SL, Cheong SW, Lee WC, Ginsberg DM. Large-shift Raman scattering in insulating parent compounds of cuprate superconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:6617-6633. [PMID: 9977196 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.6617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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13
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Khveshchenko DV, Wiegmann PB. Raman scattering and anomalous current algebra in Mott insulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 73:500-503. [PMID: 10057462 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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14
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Faulques E, Mahot P, Spiesser M, Nguyen TP, Garz G, Gonzalez C, Molinié P. Oxygen-sublattice ordering and intercalation mechanism of chlorine in YBa2Cu3O6+ delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:1209-1222. [PMID: 9975792 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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15
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Falck JP, Perkins JD, Levy A, Kastner MA, Graybeal JM, Birgeneau RJ. Midinfrared electroreflectance in La2CuO4+y. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:6246-6251. [PMID: 10011610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.6246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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