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Universal pair polaritons in a strongly interacting Fermi gas. Nature 2021; 596:509-513. [PMID: 34433945 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) manipulates the coupling of light with matter, and allows several emitters to couple coherently with one light mode1. However, even in a many-body system, the light-matter coupling mechanism has so far been restricted to one-body processes. Leveraging cavity QED for the quantum simulation of complex, many-body systems has thus far relied on multi-photon processes, scaling down the light-matter interaction to the low energy and slow time scales of the many-body problem2-5. Here we report cavity QED experiments using molecular transitions in a strongly interacting Fermi gas, directly coupling cavity photons to pairs of atoms. The interplay of strong light-matter and strong interparticle interactions leads to well-resolved pair polaritons-hybrid excitations coherently mixing photons, atom pairs and molecules. The dependence of the pair-polariton spectrum on interatomic interactions is universal, independent of the transition used, demonstrating a direct mapping between pair correlations in the ground state and the optical spectrum. This represents a magnification of many-body effects by two orders of magnitude in energy. In the dispersive regime, it enables fast, minimally destructive measurements of pair correlations, and opens the way to their measurement at the quantum limit and their coherent manipulation using dynamical, quantized optical fields.
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2
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Junker M, Dries D, Welford C, Hitchcock J, Chen YP, Hulet RG. Photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate near a Feshbach resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:060406. [PMID: 18764443 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.060406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We measure the effect of a magnetic Feshbach resonance (FR) on the rate and light-induced frequency shift of a photoassociation resonance in ultracold 7Li. The photoassociation-induced loss-rate coefficient K_{p} depends strongly on magnetic field, varying by more than a factor of 10;{4} for fields near the FR. At sufficiently high laser intensities, K_{p} for a thermal gas decreases with increasing intensity, while saturation is observed for the first time in a Bose-Einstein condensate. The frequency shift is also strongly field dependent and exhibits an anomalous blueshift for fields just below the FR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Junker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
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3
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Leduc M, Vigué J. Interplay between Theoretical Quantum Chemistry and Cold Atom Experiments. Theor Chem Acc 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-006-0105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Avdeenkov AV, Bohn JL. Linking ultracold polar molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 90:043006. [PMID: 12570419 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.043006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We predict that pairs of polar molecules can be weakly bound together in an ultracold environment, provided that a dc electric field is present. The field that links the molecules together also strongly influences the basic properties of the resulting dimer, such as its binding energy and predissociation lifetime. Because of their long-range character, these dimers will be useful in disentangling cold collision dynamics of polar molecules. As an example, we estimate the microwave photoassociation yield for OH-OH cold collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Avdeenkov
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0440, USA
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Boisseau C, Simbotin I, Côté R. Macrodimers: ultralong range Rydberg molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:133004. [PMID: 11955095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.133004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study long range interactions between two Rydberg atoms and predict the existence of ultralong range Rydberg dimers with equilibrium distances of many thousands of Bohr radii. We calculate the dispersion coefficients C5, C6, and C8 for two rubidium atoms in the same excited level np and find that they scale like n(8), n(11), and n(15), respectively. We show that for certain molecular symmetries these coefficients lead to long range potential wells that can support molecular bound levels. Such macrodimers would be very sensitive to their environment and could probe weak interactions. We suggest experiments to detect these macrodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Boisseau
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
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Geum N, Jeung GH, Derevianko A, Côté R, Dalgarno A. Interaction potentials of LiH, NaH, KH, RbH, and CsH. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1388044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Geltman S, Bambini A. Triplet scattering lengths for rubidium and their role in Bose-Einstein condensation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3276-3279. [PMID: 11327949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The triplet scattering lengths of 85Rb and 87Rb are evaluated as a function of C6 using a potential whose short-range form is fitted to an ab initio result. This is combined with a previous analysis of photoassociation measurements, which allows the determination of bounds on C6 and the scattering amplitudes to give sharper bounds for these quantities. Questions are raised about the use of scattering length as the sole atomic parameter in the description of Bose-Einstein condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geltman
- JILA, University of Colorado and National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA
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Côté R. From classical mobility to hopping conductivity: charge hopping in an ultracold gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:5316-5319. [PMID: 11135985 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies of charge mobilities in an ultracold gas are reported. Calculations for the Na + Na+ system have been carried out as a function of temperature T and densities, and the conductivity of the ultracold charged gas is obtained. The total charge mobility exhibits a sharp increase as T is lowered, indicating a transition from an almost insulating to a conducting system at few microK. It is shown that the nature of the charge mobility changes with temperature: at high T, the charges are transported by massive centers (i.e., the ions), and at low T, by electrons jumping from neighboring atoms onto the positive ions (the positive holes exhibit hopping conductivity). An experiment is proposed to detect this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Côté
- Physics Department, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
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Drag C, T'Jampens B, Comparat D, Allegrini M, Crubellier A, Pillet P. Photoassociative spectroscopy as a self-sufficient tool for the determination of the Cs triplet scattering length. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:1408-1411. [PMID: 10970516 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In photoassociation spectroscopy, the line intensities of a given vibrational progression exhibit zero-signal modulation reflecting the node structure of the s-wave ground state wave function of two free colliding atoms. This leads to the determination of the scattering length. We performed photoassociation of cold Cs atoms polarized in the Zeeman sublevel f = 4, m(f) = 4. We analyzed the intensities of the lines associated with the Cs2 0(-)(g) state dissociating to the 6s(1/2)+6p(3/2) asymptote. This yields a value of the Cs triplet state scattering length, a(T) = -530a(0), while consistency requirements impose a value of the multipole ground state molecular coefficient, C6 = 6510 a.u.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Drag
- Laboratoire Aime Cotton, CNRS II, Batiment 505, Campus d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Cote R, Jamieson MJ, Yan ZC, Geum N, Jeung G, Dalgarno A. Enhanced cooling of hydrogen atoms by lithium atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:2806-2809. [PMID: 11018947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/1999] [Revised: 02/04/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present calculated scattering lengths for collisions between various isotopic forms of lithium and hydrogen atoms interacting via singlet and triplet molecular states of LiH. We demonstrate that one bound triplet level is supported for each isotopomer 7LiH, 6LiH, 7LiD, and 6LiD. We obtain large calculated triplet scattering lengths that are stable against uncertainties in the potential. We present elastic and momentum transfer cross sections, and the corresponding rate coefficients, for hydrogen atoms colliding with 7Li atoms. We suggest that enhanced cooling of trapped atomic hydrogen by 7Li atoms is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cote
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Stwalley WC, Wang H. Photoassociation of Ultracold Atoms: A New Spectroscopic Technique. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 1999; 195:194-228. [PMID: 10329265 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The new spectroscopic technique of photoassociation of ultracold atoms is reviewed, with an emphasis on connecting this area to traditional bound-state molecular spectroscopy. In particular, in contrast to photoassociative spectra at thermal energies, which are broad and of low information content, photoassociative spectra of ultracold atoms are high resolution, permitting observation of small vibrational and rotational spacings of long-range molecular levels near dissociation (typically with outer classical turning points >20 Å). The types of detection and theoretical analysis employed are illustrated, primarily using the example of 39K2. Future directions and applications of this field (e.g., to ultracold molecular formation) are also discussed. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- WC Stwalley
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, 2152 Hillside Road, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269-3046
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Côté R, Dalgarno A. Mechanism for the production of vibrationally excited ultracold molecules of 7Li2. Chem Phys Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)00937-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Zhao G, Zemke WT, Kim JT, Ji B, Wang H, Bahns JT, Stwalley WC, Li L, Lyyra AM, Amiot C. New measurements of the a3 Σ+u state of K2 and improved analysis of long‐range dispersion and exchange interactions between two K atoms. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Burnett K, Julienne PS, Suominen K. Laser-Driven Collisions between Atoms in a Bose-Einstein Condensed Gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1996; 77:1416-1419. [PMID: 10063073 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.77.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abraham ER, McAlexander WI, Gerton JM, Hulet RG, Côté R, Dalgarno A. Singlet s-wave scattering lengths of 6Li and 7Li. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:R3713-R3715. [PMID: 9913449 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.r3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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16
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Hoston W, You L. Interference of two condensates. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:4254-4256. [PMID: 9913396 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.4254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Wang H, Gould PL, Stwalley WC. Photoassociative spectroscopy of ultracold 39K atoms in a high-density vapor-cell magneto-optical trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:R1216-R1219. [PMID: 9913095 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.r1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Côté R, Heller EJ, Dalgarno A. Quantum suppression of cold atom collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1996; 53:234-241. [PMID: 9912879 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abraham ERI, Ritchie NWM, McAlexander WI, Hulet RG. Photoassociative spectroscopy of long‐range states of ultracold 6Li2 and 7Li2. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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