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Wang Z, Byun J, Wang Z, Xing Y, Seo J, Lee J, Oh SH. Direct Observation of Atomic Step-Assisted Stabilization of Polar Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303051. [PMID: 37358063 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Polar surfaces are intrinsically unstable and thus highly reactive due to the uncompensated surface charges. The charge compensation is accompanied by various surface reconstructions, establishing novel functionality for their applications. The present in situ atomic-scale electron microscopy study directly shows that the atomic step and step-assisted reconstruction play central roles in the charge compensation of polar oxide surfaces. The flat (LaO)+ -terminated LaAlO3 (001) polar surface, when annealed at high temperature in vacuum, transits to the (015) vicinal surface via the dynamic motion and interaction of atomic steps. While the (015) vicinal surface possesses zero polarization along the surface normal, a thermodynamic ground state is achieved when the in-plane polarization is fully compensated via the reconstruction of step-edge atoms; the step-edge La atoms are displaced from their ordinary atomic sites toward the adjacent Al step-edge sites, resulting in the formation of negatively charged La vacancies at the corresponding step edges. As confirmed by first-principles calculations, the observed step reconstruction of (015) vicinal surface can completely cancel both out-of-plane and in-plane electric fields. This hitherto unknown mechanism reveals the central role of step reconstruction in stabilizing a polar surface, providing valuable insights for understanding the novel charge compensation mechanism accompanied by the step reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Byun
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaolong Xing
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Seo
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, 58330, Republic of Korea
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2
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Tan Z, Li C, Wang L, Kang M, Wang W, Tang M, Li G, Feng Z, Yan Z. Homogenous Cr and C Doped 3D Self-Supporting NiO Cellular Nanospheres for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7120. [PMID: 36295190 PMCID: PMC9605676 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is one promising technique to obtain high-purity hydrogen, therefore, exploiting inexpensive and high-efficiency HER electrocatalysts is a matter of cardinal significance under the background of achieving carbon neutrality. In this paper, a hydrothermal method was used to prepare the Cr-NiC2O4/NF (Ni foam) precursor. Then, the NiO-Cr-C/NF self-supporting HER catalyst was obtained by heating the precursor at 400 °C. The catalyst presents a 3D cellular nanospheres structure which was composed of 2D nanosheets. Microstructure characterization shows that Cr and C elements were successfully doped into NiO. The results of electrochemical measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that under the synergy of Cr and C, the conductivity of NiO was improved, and the Gibbs free energy of H* (∆GH*) value is optimized. As a result, in 1.0 M KOH solution the NiO-Cr-C/NF-3 (Ni:Cr = 7:3) HER catalyst exhibits an overpotential of 69 mV and a Tafel slope of 45 mV/dec when the current density is 10 mA·cm-2. Besides, after 20 h of chronopotentiometry, the catalytic activity is basically unchanged. It is demonstrated that C and Cr co-doping on the lattice of NiO prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and subsequent heat treatment to improve the catalytic activity and stability of the non-precious metal HER catalysts in an alkaline medium is facile and efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Chuanbin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Mingjie Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Mingqi Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
| | - Gang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Zaiqiang Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China
| | - Zhenwei Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
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3
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Ghosh T, Liu X, Sun W, Chen M, Liu Y, Li Y, Mirsaidov U. Revealing the Origin of Low-Temperature Activity of Ni-Rh Nanostructures during CO Oxidation Reaction with Operando TEM. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105599. [PMID: 35514057 PMCID: PMC9189651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In bimetallic heterostructured nanoparticles (NPs), the synergistic effect between their different metallic components leads to higher catalytic activity compared to the activity of the individual components. However, how the dynamic changes through which these NPs adopt catalytically active structures during a reaction and how the restructuring affects their activity are largely unknown. Here, using operando transmission electron microscopy, structural changes are studied in bimetallic Ni-Rh NPs, comprising of a Ni core whose surface is decorated with smaller Rh NPs, during a CO oxidation reaction. The direct atomic-scale imaging reveals that, under O2 -rich conditions, Ni core partially transforms into NiO, forming a (Ni+NiO)-Rh hollow nanocatalyst with high catalytic activity. Under O2 -poor conditions, Rh NPs alloy with the surface of the core to form a NiRh-alloy surface, and the NPs display significantly lower activity. The theoretical calculations indicate that NiO component that forms only under O2 -rich conditions enhances the activity by preventing the CO poisoning of the nanocatalysts. The results demonstrate that visualizing the structural changes during reactions is indispensable in identifying the origin of catalytic activity. These insights into the dynamic restructuring of NP catalysts under a reactive environment are critical for the rational design of high-performance nanocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Ghosh
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging SciencesDepartment of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore117557Singapore
| | - Xiangwen Liu
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging SciencesDepartment of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore117557Singapore
- Institute of Analysis and TestingBeijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis)Beijing100094P. R. China
| | - Wenming Sun
- College of ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chen
- College of Environmental and Energy EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- College of Environmental and Energy EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124P. R. China
| | - Yadong Li
- Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084P. R. China
| | - Utkur Mirsaidov
- Department of PhysicsNational University of SingaporeSingapore117551Singapore
- Centre for BioImaging SciencesDepartment of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore117557Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research CentreNational University of SingaporeSingapore117546Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117575Singapore
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Sánchez-Grande A, Nguyën HC, Lauwaet K, Rodríguez-Fernández J, Carrasco E, Cirera B, Sun Z, Urgel JI, Miranda R, Lauritsen JV, Gallego JM, López N, Écija D. Electrically Tunable Reactivity of Substrate-Supported Cobalt Oxide Nanocrystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106407. [PMID: 35064636 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
First-row transition metal oxides are promising materials for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction. Surface sensitive techniques provide a unique perspective allowing the study of the structure, adsorption sites, and reactivity of catalysts at the atomic scale, which furnishes rationalization and improves the design of highly efficient catalytic materials. Here, a scanning probe microscopy study complemented by density functional theory on the structural and electronic properties of CoO nanoislands grown on Au(111) is reported. Two distinct phases are observed: The most extended displays a Moiré pattern (α-region), while the less abundant is 1Co:1Au coincidental (β-region). As a result of the surface registry, in the β-region the oxide adlayer is compressed by 9%, increasing the unoccupied local density of states and enhancing the selective water adsorption at low temperature through a cobalt inversion mechanism. Tip-induced voltage pulses irreversibly transform α- into β-regions, thus opening avenues to modify the structure and reactivity of transition metal oxides by external stimuli like electric fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huu Chuong Nguyën
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhaozong Sun
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK-8000, Denmark
| | | | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia., Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Jeppe V Lauritsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - José M Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencias Materiales - CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Nuria López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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5
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Chen S, Qian TT, Ling LL, Zhang W, Gong BB, Jiang H. Hydrogenation of Furfural to Cyclopentanone under Mild Conditions by a Structure-Optimized Ni-NiO/TiO 2 Heterojunction Catalyst. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:5507-5515. [PMID: 32757265 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic conversion of biomass-derived furfural (FFA) into cyclopentanone (CPO) in aqueous solution is an important pathway to obtain sustainable resources. However, the conversion and selectivity under mild conditions are still unsatisfactory. In this study, a catalyst consisting of Ni-NiO heterojunction supported on TiO2 with optimized composition of anatase and rutile (Ni-NiO/TiO2 -Re450) is prepared by pyrolysis at 450 °C. With Ni-NiO/TiO2 -Re450, as catalyst, complete conversion of FFA and 87.4 % yield of CPO are achieved under mild reaction conditions (1 MPa, 140 °C, 6 h). 95.4 % FFA conversion is retained up to the fifth run, indicating the high stability of the catalyst. Multiple characterizations, control experiments, and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the good catalytic performance of Ni-NiO/TiO2 -Re450 can be attributed to a synergistic effect of the Ni-NiO heterojunction and the TiO2 support. This low-cost catalyst may expedite the catalytic upgrading and practical application of biomass-derived chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Qian
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Li-Li Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Synergetic Innovation Centre of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Bing Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Synergetic Innovation Centre of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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6
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Template Assisted Nucleation of Cobalt and Gold Nano-clusters on an Ultrathin Iron Oxide Film. Top Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-018-0983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Noh MC, Kim J, Doh WH, Kim KJ, Park JY. Reversible Oxygen-Driven Nickel Oxide Structural Transition on the Nickel(1 1 1) Surface at Near-Ambient Pressure. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201702002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Cheol Noh
- Graduate School of EEWS; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions; Institute for Basic Science; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongjin Kim
- Graduate School of EEWS; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions; Institute for Basic Science; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hui Doh
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions; Institute for Basic Science; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jeong Kim
- Beamline Research Division; Pohang Accelerator Laboratory; Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Graduate School of EEWS; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions; Institute for Basic Science; Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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8
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Effect of defects on reaction of NiO surface with Pb-contained solution. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44805. [PMID: 28317881 PMCID: PMC5357842 DOI: 10.1038/srep44805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the role of defects in chemical reactions, we used two types of samples, which are molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) grown NiO(001) film on Mg(001) substrate as the defect free NiO prototype and NiO grown on Ni(110) single crystal as the one with defects. In-situ observations for oxide-liquid interfacial structure and surface morphology were performed for both samples in water and Pb-contained solution using high-resolution X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy. For the MBE grown NiO, no significant changes were detected in the high-resolution X-ray reflectivity data with monotonic increase in roughness. Meanwhile, in the case of native grown NiO on Ni(110), significant changes in both the morphology and atomistic structure at the interface were observed when immersed in water and Pb-contained solution. Our results provide simple and direct experimental evidence of the role of the defects in chemical reaction of oxide surfaces with both water and Pb-contained solution.
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9
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Capdevila-Cortada M, López N. Entropic contributions enhance polarity compensation for CeO 2(100) surfaces. NATURE MATERIALS 2017; 16:328-334. [PMID: 27869825 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Surface structure controls the physical and chemical response of materials. Surface polar terminations are appealing because of their unusual properties but they are intrinsically unstable. Several mechanisms, namely metallization, adsorption, and ordered reconstructions, can remove thermodynamic penalties rendering polar surfaces partially stable. Here, for CeO2(100), we report a complementary stabilization mechanism based on surface disorder that has been unravelled through theoretical simulations that: account for surface energies and configurational entropies; show the importance of the ion distribution degeneracy; and identify low diffusion barriers between conformations that ensure equilibration. Disordered configurations in oxides might also be further stabilized by preferential adsorption of water. The entropic stabilization term will appear for surfaces with a high number of empty sites, typically achieved when removing part of the ions in a polar termination to make the layer charge zero. Assessing the impact of surface disorder when establishing new structure-activity relationships remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marçal Capdevila-Cortada
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Núria López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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10
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Schottky barrier at graphene/metal oxide interfaces: insight from first-principles calculations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41771. [PMID: 28165485 PMCID: PMC5292957 DOI: 10.1038/srep41771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anode materials play an important role in determining the performance of lithium ion batteries. In experiment, graphene (GR)/metal oxide (MO) composites possess excellent electrochemical properties and are promising anode materials. Here we perform density functional theory calculations to explore the interfacial interaction between GR and MO. Our result reveals generally weak physical interactions between GR and several MOs (including Cu2O, NiO). The Schottky barrier height (SBH) in these metal/semiconductor heterostructures are computed using the macroscopically averaged electrostatic potential method, and the role of interfacial dipole is discussed. The calculated SBHs below 1 eV suggest low contact resistance; thus these GR/MO composites are favorable anode materials for better lithium ion batteries.
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11
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Wang Y, Ghanbaja J, Bruyère S, Boulet P, Soldera F, Horwat D, Mücklich F, Pierson JF. Local heteroepitaxial growth to promote the selective growth orientation, crystallization and interband transition of sputtered NiO thin films. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce02419f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Marei NN, Nassar NN, Vitale G. The effect of the nanosize on surface properties of NiO nanoparticles for the adsorption of Quinolin-65. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6839-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00001k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using Quinolin-65 (Q-65) as a model-adsorbing compound for polar heavy hydrocarbons, the nanosize effect of NiO nanoparticles on the adsorption of Q-65 was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedal N. Marei
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Nashaat N. Nassar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Gerardo Vitale
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
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13
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Visikovskiy A, Mitsuhara K, Hazama M, Kohyama M, Kido Y. The atomic and electronic structures of NiO(001)∕Au(001) interfaces. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:144705. [PMID: 24116639 DOI: 10.1063/1.4820823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The atomic and electronic structures of NiO(001)∕Au(001) interfaces were analyzed by high-resolution medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) and photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron-radiation-light. The MEIS analysis clearly showed that O atoms were located above Au atoms at the interface and the inter-planar distance of NiO(001)∕Au(001) was derived to be 2.30 ± 0.05 Å, which was consistent with the calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT). We measured the valence band spectra and found metallic features for the NiO thickness up to 3 monolayer (ML). Relevant to the metallic features, electron energy loss analysis revealed that the bandgap for NiO(001)∕Au(001) reduced with decreasing the NiO thickness from 10 down to 5 ML. We also observed Au 4f lines consisting of surface, bulk, and interface components and found a significant electronic charge transfer from Au(001) to NiO(001). The present DFT calculations demonstrated the presence of an image charge beneath Ni atoms at the interface just like alkali-halide∕metal interface, which may be a key issue to explain the core level shift and band structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Visikovskiy
- Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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14
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O'Brien CJ, Rák Z, Brenner DW. Free energies of (Co, Fe, Ni, Zn)Fe₂O₄ spinels and oxides in water at high temperatures and pressure from density functional theory: results for stoichiometric NiO and NiFe₂O₄ surfaces. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:445008. [PMID: 24100344 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/44/445008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A set of effective chemical potentials (ECPs) are derived that connect energies of (Co, Fe, Ni, Zn)Fe2O4 spinels and oxides calculated at 0 K from density functional theory (DFT) to free energies in high temperature and pressure water. The ECPs are derived and validated by solving a system of linear equations that combine DFT and experimental free energies for NiO, ZnO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO(OH), CoFe2O4, ZnFe2O4, NiFe2O4 and H2O. To connect to solution phase chemistry, a set of ECPs are also derived for solvated Ni(2+), Zn(2+), Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) ions using an analogous set of linear equations and the solid ECPs. The ECPs are used to calculate free energies of low index stoichiometric surfaces of nickel oxide (NiO) and nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) in water as a function of temperature from 300 to 600 K at a pressure of 155 bar. Surface denuding at high temperatures is predicted, the implications of which for the formation of oxide corrosion products on heat transfer surfaces in light-water nuclear reactors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J O'Brien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA
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15
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Heinz K, Hammer L. Epitaxial cobalt oxide films on Ir(100)-the importance of crystallographic analyses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:173001. [PMID: 23535176 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/17/173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Epitaxial cobalt oxide films on Ir(100) exhibit a rich scenario of different structural phases which are reviewed in this paper. The great majority of phases could be, as a rare case, crystallographically described by the joint application of atomically resolved STM and quantitative LEED, whereby structural surprises were more the rule than the exception. So, the oxide grows in the polar (111) orientation for both the Co3O4 and CoO stoichiometry on the bare Ir substrate in spite of the latter's square symmetry. Moreover, the film orientation can be tuned to non-polar (100) growth when one or several pseudomorphic Co layers are introduced as an interface between oxide and Ir substrate. By using the nanostructured Ir(100)-(5 × 1)-H phase as a template a nanostructured Co film can be formed whose oxidation leads to a nanostructured oxide. The nominally polar films circumvent the polarity problem by appropriate surface terminations. That of CoO(111) is, again as a surprise, realized by a switch from rocksalt-type to wurtzite-type stacking near the surface, by which the latter becomes metallic. The stepwise oxidation of a pseudomorphic Co layer on the bare Ir substrate leads to the sequential formation of rocksalt-type tetrahedral Co-O building blocks (with intermediate BN-type blocks) whereby the Co species more and more assume positions determined by the inner-oxidic binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Heinz
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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16
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Kuhlenbeck H, Shaikhutdinov S, Freund HJ. Well-Ordered Transition Metal Oxide Layers in Model Catalysis – A Series of Case Studies. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3986-4034. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300312n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Kuhlenbeck
- Fritz Haber Institute der Max Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,
14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shamil Shaikhutdinov
- Fritz Haber Institute der Max Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,
14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Fritz Haber Institute der Max Planck Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6,
14195 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Woodruff DP. Quantitative Structural Studies Of Corundum and Rocksalt Oxide Surfaces. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3863-86. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Surnev S, Fortunelli A, Netzer FP. Structure-property relationship and chemical aspects of oxide-metal hybrid nanostructures. Chem Rev 2012; 113:4314-72. [PMID: 23237602 DOI: 10.1021/cr300307n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlozar Surnev
- Surface and Interface Physics, Institute of Physics, Karl-Franzens University, Graz A-8010 Graz, Austria
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Noguera
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR 7588, CNRS, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacek Goniakowski
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, UMR 7588, CNRS, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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20
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Bealing CR, Baumgardner WJ, Choi JJ, Hanrath T, Hennig RG. Predicting nanocrystal shape through consideration of surface-ligand interactions. ACS NANO 2012; 6:2118-27. [PMID: 22329695 DOI: 10.1021/nn3000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Density functional calculations for the binding energy of oleic acid-based ligands on Pb-rich {100} and {111} facets of PbSe nanocrystals determine the surface energies as a function of ligand coverage. Oleic acid is expected to bind to the nanocrystal surface in the form of lead oleate. The Wulff construction predicts the thermodynamic equilibrium shape of the PbSe nanocrystals. The equilibrium shape is a function of the ligand surface coverage, which can be controlled by changing the concentration of oleic acid during synthesis. The different binding energy of the ligand on the {100} and {111} facets results in different equilibrium ligand coverages on the facets, and a transition in the equilibrium shape from octahedral to cubic is predicted when increasing the ligand concentration during synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive R Bealing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
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21
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Hosono H, Hayashi K, Kamiya T, Atou T, Susaki T. New functionalities in abundant element oxides: ubiquitous element strategy. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2011; 12:034303. [PMID: 27877391 PMCID: PMC5090463 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/12/3/034303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
While most ceramics are composed of ubiquitous elements (the ten most abundant elements within the Earth's crust), many advanced materials are based on rare elements. A 'rare-element crisis' is approaching owing to the imbalance between the limited supply of rare elements and the increasing demand. Therefore, we propose a 'ubiquitous element strategy' for materials research, which aims to apply abundant elements in a variety of innovative applications. Creation of innovative oxide materials and devices based on conventional ceramics is one specific challenge. This review describes the concept of ubiquitous element strategy and gives some highlights of our recent research on the synthesis of electronic, thermionic and structural materials using ubiquitous elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hosono
- Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Secure Materials Center, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Katsuro Hayashi
- Secure Materials Center, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshio Kamiya
- Secure Materials Center, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Atou
- Secure Materials Center, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Susaki
- Secure Materials Center, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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22
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Knudsen J, Merte LR, Peng G, Vang RT, Resta A, Laegsgaard E, Andersen JN, Mavrikakis M, Besenbacher F. Low-temperature CO oxidation on Ni(111) and on a Au/Ni(111) surface alloy. ACS NANO 2010; 4:4380-4387. [PMID: 20731424 DOI: 10.1021/nn101241c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
From an interplay between scanning tunneling microscopy, temperature programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations we have studied low-temperature CO oxidation on Au/Ni(111) surface alloys and on Ni(111). We show that an oxide is formed on both the Ni(111) and the Au/Ni(111) surfaces when oxygen is dosed at 100 K, and that CO can be oxidized at 100 K on both of these surfaces in the presence of weakly bound oxygen. We suggest that low-temperature CO oxidation can be rationalized by CO oxidation on O(2)-saturated NiO(111) surfaces, and show that the main effect of Au in the Au/Ni(111) surface alloy is to block the formation of carbonate and thereby increase the low-temperature CO(2) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Knudsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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23
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24
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Zhang W, Trunschke A, Schlögl R, Su D. Real-Space Observation of Surface Termination of a Complex Metal Oxide Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:6084-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Zhang W, Trunschke A, Schlögl R, Su D. Real-Space Observation of Surface Termination of a Complex Metal Oxide Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Woodruff DP. The structure of surfaces: what do we know and what would we like to know? JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:084016. [PMID: 21389392 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/8/084016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A brief survey is presented of the methods of quantitative surface structure determination and some of the main phenomena that have been established, and their associated trends. These include surface relaxation and reconstruction of clean surfaces and the structures formed by atomic and molecular adsorbates. Examples include the surfaces of semiconductors, oxides and metals. Future challenges, concerned with complexity and precision, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Woodruff
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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27
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28
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Kiguchi M. Atomic and Electronic Structures and Properties of Nanomaterials on Metal Substrates. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Hagendorf C, Shantyr R, Neddermeyer H, Widdra W. Pressure-dependent Ni–O phase transitions and Ni oxide formation on Pt(111): An in situ STM study at elevated temperatures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1575-83. [PMID: 16633642 DOI: 10.1039/b516070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Growth, atomic structure and O2 partial pressure dependent phase transitions of Ni-O structures and thin NiO films on Pt(111) have been studied using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). In situ STM experiments were performed during film growth by reactive metal deposition at elevated temperatures (400-550 K) and variable O2 pressure. Depending on the substrate temperature, one-dimensional network-like Ni-O structures and islands with (7x1) and (4x2) reconstructions are formed during the initial stages of growth. These structures transform reversibly to a (2x2) reconstruction in a narrow O2 pressure range of 1.5-2x10(-6) mbar and can be monitored by in situ STM. Upon reduction of the O2 pressure to <10(-10) mbar pseudomorphic Ni monolayers are obtained. The defect-free ordering of Ni atoms on Pt(111) in a single stacking domain indicates an O-surfactant induced growth mode. The structural properties of the O2 pressure-dependent Ni-O phases are discussed in a simple model assuming NiO(001)-like atomic arrangements in the adsorbate overlayer. At higher coverage stable (111)-oriented NiO islands grow in a three-dimensional mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Hagendorf
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Fachbereich Physik, D-06099, Halle, Germany
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30
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Nakamura M, Tanaka M, Ito M, Sakata O. Water adsorption on a p(2×2)-Ni(111)–O surface studied by surface x-ray diffraction and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy at 25 and 140K. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:224703. [PMID: 15974699 DOI: 10.1063/1.1927515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of water molecules on an oxygen-predosed p(2x2)-Ni(111)-O surface was studied by surface x-ray diffraction and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) at temperature of 25 and 140 K. Precise structures including adsorbed water, predosed oxygen, and substrate nickel atoms at these two temperatures were determined by x-ray structural analysis. It was found that water molecules adsorb on oxygen additive sites, forming a hydrogen bond at 25 K. A predosed 2x2 oxygen atom appears to accommodate one, two, or three water molecules at positions relating to threefold rotation symmetry. When the surface temperature was raised to 140 K, water molecules appear at an atop site of Ni. The distance between Ni and the oxygen atoms of a monomer water molecule was found to be 0.2241(22) nm. The adsorbed water molecule induces buckling and a lateral shift of the substrate nickel. The IRAS results provided evidence regarding the existence of two distinct adsorption sites. Water molecules in the low-temperature phase exhibit bands from both hydrogen-bonded nuOD and free OD stretchings, while those in the high-temperature phase lie flat with a molecular plane parallel to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoicho 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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31
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Finocchi F, Barbier A, Jupille J, Noguera C. Stability of rocksalt (111) polar surfaces: beyond the octopole. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:136101. [PMID: 15089630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stable polar oxide surfaces must be simultaneously electrostatically compensated and in thermodynamic equilibrium with the environment. As a paradigm, the MgO(111)-p(2x2) reconstructed surface is shown to involve combinations of Mg-covered terminations with peculiar insulating electronic structure, favored in O-poor conditions, and the O-terminated octopole, stabler in more O-rich environments. Such a picture, which could not have been foreseen by either experiments or simulations separately, goes beyond the Wolf model and reconciles the theory with the experimental data taken in variable thermodynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Finocchi
- Groupe de Physique des Solides, UMR 7588 CNRS and Universités Paris 6 - Paris 7, Campus de Boucicaut, 140 rue de Lourmel, 75015 Paris, France
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32
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Sayle DC, Watson GW. The Atomistic Structure of an MgO Cluster, Supported on BaO, Synthesized Using Simulated Amorphization and Recrystallization. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dean C. Sayle
- Department of Environmental and Ordnance Systems, Cranfield University, Royal Military College of Science, Shrivenham, Swindon, UK, SN6 8LA
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33
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Wander A, Harrison NM. The stability of polar oxide surfaces: The interaction of H2O with ZnO(0001) and ZnO(0001̄). J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1384030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Atomic Structure of Oxide Surfaces by Surface X-ray Scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1571-0785(01)80026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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35
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Hebenstreit W, Schmid M, Redinger J, Podloucky R, Varga P. Bulk terminated NaCl(111) on aluminum: a polar surface of an ionic crystal? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:5376-5379. [PMID: 11136000 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy reveals the existence of triangular (111) bulk terminated NaCl islands. The islands can be grown by subsequent adsorption of Na and Cl2 on Al(111) and Al(100) or by conversion of stoichiometric NaCl(100) islands to NaCl(111) via additional Na adsorption. The NaCl(111) islands have Na-Cl-Na sandwich structure. Ab initio calculations of the electronic structure of these islands show that each of the Na atoms carries half a positive elementary charge, leaving the islands neutral and explaining the existence of an otherwise unstable surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hebenstreit
- Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Wien, Austria
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