1
|
Alkorta M, Cizek R, Néel N, Frederiksen T, Kröger J. Impact of Single-Melamine Tautomerization on the Excitation of Molecular Vibrations in Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:7195-7201. [PMID: 38748446 PMCID: PMC11194823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Vibrational quanta of melamine and its tautomer are analyzed at the single-molecule level on Cu(100) with inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. The on-surface tautomerization gives rise to markedly different low-energy vibrational spectra of the isomers, as evidenced by a shift in mode energies and a variation in inelastic cross sections. Spatially resolved spectroscopy reveals the maximum signal strength on an orbital nodal plane, excluding resonant inelastic tunneling as the mechanism underlying the quantum excitations. Decreasing the probe-molecule separation down to the formation of a chemical bond between the melamine amino group and the Cu apex atom of the tip leads to a quenched vibrational spectrum with different excitation energies. Density functional and electron transport calculations reproduce the experimental findings and show that the shift in the quantum energies applies to internal molecular bending modes. The simulations moreover suggest that the bond formation represents an efficient manner of tautomerizing the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manex Alkorta
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rebecca Cizek
- Institut
für Physik, Technische Universität
Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Nicolas Néel
- Institut
für Physik, Technische Universität
Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Thomas Frederiksen
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jörg Kröger
- Institut
für Physik, Technische Universität
Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang K, Bi L, Zhu Q, Zhou H, Li S. Ultrafast Dynamics Revealed with Time-Resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: A Review. ACS APPLIED OPTICAL MATERIALS 2023; 1:924-938. [PMID: 37260467 PMCID: PMC10227725 DOI: 10.1021/acsaom.2c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) capable of performing pump-probe spectroscopy integrates unmatched atomic-scale resolution with high temporal resolution. In recent years, the union of electronic, terahertz, or visible/near-infrared pulses with STM has contributed to our understanding of the atomic-scale processes that happen between milliseconds and attoseconds. This time-resolved STM (TR-STM) technique is evolving into an unparalleled approach for exploring the ultrafast nuclear, electronic, or spin dynamics of molecules, low-dimensional structures, and material surfaces. Here, we review the recent advancements in TR-STM; survey its application in measuring the dynamics of three distinct systems, nucleus, electron, and spin; and report the studies on these transient processes in a series of materials. Besides the discussion on state-of-the-art techniques, we also highlight several emerging research topics about the ultrafast processes in nanoscale objects where we anticipate that the TR-STM can help broaden our knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkai Liang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0309, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Liya Bi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0309, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0309, United States
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0309, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Shaowei Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0309, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Program, University
of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0418, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu X, Néel N, Brandbyge M, Kröger J. Enhancement of Graphene Phonon Excitation by a Chemically Engineered Molecular Resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:116201. [PMID: 37001107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.116201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The abstraction of pyrrolic hydrogen from a single phthalocyanine on graphene turns the molecule into a sensitive probe for graphene phonons. The inelastic electron transport measured with a scanning tunneling microscope across the molecular adsorbate and graphene becomes strongly enhanced for a graphene out-of-plane acoustic phonon mode. Supporting density functional and transport calculations elucidate the underlying physical mechanism. A molecular orbital resonance close to the Fermi energy controls the inelastic current while specific phonon modes of graphene are magnified due to their coupling to symmetry-equivalent vibrational quanta of the molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocui Wu
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Nicolas Néel
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Mads Brandbyge
- Center of Nanostructured Graphene, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jörg Kröger
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choi B, Jeong G, Shin HH, Kim ZH. Molecular vibrational imaging at nanoscale. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:160902. [PMID: 35490022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0082747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand to visualize the spatial distribution of chemical species based on vibrational spectra is rapidly increasing. Driven by such a need, various Raman and infrared spectro-microscopies with a nanometric spatial resolution have been developed over the last two decades. Despite rapid progress, a large gap still exists between the general needs and what these techniques can achieve. This Perspective highlights the key challenges and recent breakthroughs of the two vibrational nano-imaging techniques, scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy and tip-enhanced Raman scattering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boogeon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Gyouil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Hang Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Zee Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee M, Kazuma E, Jung J, Trenary M, Kim Y. Dissociation of Single O 2 Molecules on Ag(110) by Electrons, Holes, and Localized Surface Plasmons. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200011. [PMID: 35332649 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the dissociation of O2 molecules on metal surfaces induced by various excitation sources, electrons/holes, light, and localized surface plasmons, is crucial not only for controlling the reactivity of oxidation reactions but also for developing various oxidation catalysts. The necessity of mechanistic studies at the single-molecule level is increasingly important for understanding interfacial interactions between O2 molecules and metal surfaces and to improve the reaction efficiency. We review single-molecule studies of O2 dissociation on Ag(110) induced by various excitation sources using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The comprehensive studies based on the STM and density functional theory calculations provide fundamental insights into the excitation pathway for the dissociation reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Lee
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Trenary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Computational Characterization of Nanosystems. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2111233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
7
|
Lee M, Kazuma E, Zhang C, Trenary M, Takeya J, Jung J, Kim Y. Dissociation Mechanism of a Single O 2 Molecule Chemisorbed on Ag(110). J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9868-9873. [PMID: 34606722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The dissociation of O2 molecules chemisorbed on silver surfaces is an essential reaction in industry, and the dissociation mechanism has long attracted attention. The detailed dissociation mechanism was studied at the single-molecule level on Ag(110) by using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The dissociation reaction was found to be predominantly triggered by inelastically tunneled holes from the STM tip due to the significantly distributed density of states below the Fermi level of the substrate. A combination of action spectroscopy with the STM and density functional theory calculations revealed that the O2 dissociation reaction is caused by direct ladder-climbing excitation of the high-order overtones of the O-O stretching mode arising from anharmonicity enhanced by molecule-surface interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Lee
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chi Zhang
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Michael Trenary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kazuma E. Real-Space Studies of Plasmon-Induced Dissociation Reactions with an STM. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Role of molecule-electrode coupling strength in inducing inelastic transmission spectra of Hf@C28. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2020.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Kazuma E, Lee M, Jung J, Trenary M, Kim Y. Single‐Molecule Study of a Plasmon‐Induced Reaction for a Strongly Chemisorbed Molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Minhui Lee
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Nam-gu Ulsan 44776 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Nam-gu Ulsan 44776 Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Trenary
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kazuma E, Lee M, Jung J, Trenary M, Kim Y. Single‐Molecule Study of a Plasmon‐Induced Reaction for a Strongly Chemisorbed Molecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7960-7966. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Minhui Lee
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Nam-gu Ulsan 44776 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Jung
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Nam-gu Ulsan 44776 Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Trenary
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cohen G, Galperin M. Green’s function methods for single molecule junctions. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:090901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5145210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cohen
- The Raymond and Beverley Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Galperin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jang S, Shin T, Abbas HG, Hahn JR, Kang HS. Orientation-specific switching of inelastic electron tunneling in an oxygen-pyridine complex adsorbed onto an Ag(110) surface. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:114703. [PMID: 31542022 DOI: 10.1063/1.5110545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the development of a molecular rotary switch (a "stator-rotor" consisting of a single oxygen molecule as a stator and a single pyridine molecule as a rotor) on a silver surface. The pyridine molecule was bonded to the oxygen molecule and was found to rotate to enable "ON" or "OFF" vibrational conductance through the oxygen molecule. Four stable sites around the oxygen molecule were observed, and vibration conductance turned on and off depending on the site at which the pyridine molecule bonded. The spatially resolved mapping of the vibrational change revealed two locations of maximal vibration intensity, separated by ∼3 Å. These positions acted as two conducting channels. The two distinct vibrational energy levels were associated with the switching process. Adsorption-induced electron transfer between the silver layers and the molecules enhanced the local interactions between the molecules. The two vibration modes were excited by resonant tunneling despite substantial interactions between the molecules, which resulted in a decrease in tunneling conductance. An independent pathway exists for the vibrational excitation process by tunneling electrons and intermolecular interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Taeho Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Hafiz Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Jae R Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, South Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kang
- Department of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Miwa K, Najarian AM, McCreery RL, Galperin M. Hubbard Nonequilibrium Green's Function Analysis of Photocurrent in Nitroazobenzene Molecular Junction. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1550-1557. [PMID: 30879300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of photoinduced current in molecular junctions consisting of monolayers of nitroazobenzene oligomers chemisorbed on carbon surfaces and illuminated by ultraviolet-visible light through a transparent electrode. Experimentally observed dependence of the photocurrent on light frequency, temperature, and monolayer thickness is analyzed within first-principles simulations employing the Hubbard nonequilibrium Green's function diagrammatic technique. We reproduce qualitatively correct behavior and discuss mechanisms leading to the characteristic behavior of dark and photoinduced currents in response to changes in bias, frequency of radiation, temperature, and thickness of molecular layer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyuki Miwa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92034 , United States
| | | | | | - Michael Galperin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92034 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Meierott S, Néel N, Kröger J. Spectroscopic Line Shapes of Vibrational Quanta in the Presence of Molecular Resonances. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:2388-2393. [PMID: 27280313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Line shapes of molecular vibrational quanta in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy may indicate the strength of electron-vibration coupling, the hybridization of the molecule with its environment, and the degree of vibrational damping by electron-hole pair excitation. Bare as well as C60-terminated Pb tips of a scanning tunneling microscope and clean as well as C60-covered Pb(111) surfaces were used in low-temperature experiments. Depending on the overlap of orbital and vibrational spectral ranges different spectroscopic line shapes of molecular vibrational quanta were observed. The energy range covered by the molecular resonance was altered by modifying the adsorption configuration of the molecule terminating the tip apex. Concomitantly, the line shapes of different vibrational modes were affected. The reported observations represent an experimental proof to theoretical predictions on the contribution from resonant processes to inelastic electron tunneling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Meierott
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Nicolas Néel
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Jörg Kröger
- Institut für Physik, Technische Universität Ilmenau , D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu C, Chiang CL, Han Z, Ho W. Nature of Asymmetry in the Vibrational Line Shape of Single-Molecule Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy with the STM. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:166101. [PMID: 27152811 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.166101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single molecule vibrational spectroscopy and microscopy was demonstrated in 1998 by inelastic electron tunneling with the scanning tunneling microscope. To date, the discussion of its application has mainly focused on the spatial resolution and the spectral energy and intensity. Here we report on the vibrational line shape for a single carbon monoxide molecule that qualitatively exhibits inversion symmetry when it is transferred from the surface to the tip. The dependence of the line shape on the molecule's asymmetric couplings in the tunnel junction can be understood from theoretical simulation and further validates the mechanisms of inelastic electron tunneling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - Chi-Lun Chiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - Zhumin Han
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
| | - W Ho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mehlhorn M, Morgenstern K. Physisorption versus chemisorption of oxygen molecules on Ag(100). J Chem Phys 2016; 144:134706. [PMID: 27059584 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We compare the adsorption of oxygen molecules on Ag(100) at 60 K and at 100 K. At both temperatures, the molecules form islands. Differences between the species adsorbed at the two temperatures in both low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy are attributed to two different adsorption states, a chemisorbed state after 100 K adsorption and a physisorbed state after 60 K adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mehlhorn
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Abteilung ATMOS, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karina Morgenstern
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lončarić I, Alducin M, Juaristi JI. Molecular dynamics simulation of O2 adsorption on Ag(110) from first principles electronic structure calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:27366-27376. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05199e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
State of the art simulations show that the physisorption state could be important for O2/Ag(110) adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivor Lončarić
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - M. Alducin
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| | - J. I. Juaristi
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU)
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Galperin M, Nitzan A. Nuclear Dynamics at Molecule-Metal Interfaces: A Pseudoparticle Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4898-4903. [PMID: 26589690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We discuss nuclear dynamics at molecule-metal interfaces including nonequilibrium molecular junctions. Starting from the many-body states (pseudoparticle) formulation of the molecule-metal system in the molecular vibronic basis, we introduce gradient expansion to reduce the adiabatic nuclear dynamics (that is, nuclear dynamics on a single molecular potential surface) into its semiclassical form while maintaining the effect of the nonadiabatic electronic transitions between different molecular charge states. This yields a set of equations for the nuclear dynamics in the presence of these nonadiabatic transitions, which reproduce the surface-hopping formulation in the limit of small metal-molecule coupling (where broadening of the molecular energy levels can be disregarded) and Ehrenfest dynamics (motion on the potential of mean force) when information on the different charging states is traced out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Galperin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nanayakkara SU, van de Lagemaat J, Luther JM. Scanning Probe Characterization of Heterostructured Colloidal Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2015. [PMID: 26196958 DOI: 10.1021/cr500280t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjini U. Nanayakkara
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jao van de Lagemaat
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Joseph M. Luther
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver
West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bâldea I. Electrochemical setup – a unique chance to simultaneously control orbital energies and vibrational properties of single-molecule junctions with unprecedented efficiency. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:25942-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04316b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Zhang R, Hu Z, Li B, Yang J. Efficient method for fast simulation of scanning tunneling microscopy with a tip effect. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8953-9. [PMID: 24708199 DOI: 10.1021/jp5018218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of Bardeen's perturbation theory on electron tunneling and inspired by Paz et al.'s study, a new expression for the tunneling current between the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) tip and sample has been obtained, and it provides us with an efficient method to simulate STM images. The method can be implemented in any code of first-principles computing software, which offers the wave functions of the tip and sample, calculated independently at the same footing, as input. By calculating the integral with fast Fourier transform (FFT), simulating the STM image of a given sample surface by a database of different tips on a PC turns out to be not a time-consuming work. Compared with Paz et al.'s method, our method abandons the application of the vacuum Green function and possesses better computing efficiency, fewer parameters, and more reasonable simulated results especially at lower computing cost. Simple tip-sample systems, such as H-H and Pd2-Ag2, are taken as benchmarks to test our method. The topographic images of a CO molecule adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface obtained by using a tungsten tip and a CO-terminated tip are also simulated, and the simulated results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physics at Microscale and ‡Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Weissenrieder J, Gustafson J, Stacchiola D. Reactivity and Mass Transfer of Low-Dimensional Catalysts. CHEM REC 2014; 14:857-68. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Gustafson
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research; Lund University; 221 00 Lund Sweden
| | - Dario Stacchiola
- Chemistry Department; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton NY 11973 USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tahir M, MacKinnon A, Schwingenschlögl U. Novel spectral features of nanoelectromechanical systems. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4035. [PMID: 24531805 PMCID: PMC3925967 DOI: 10.1038/srep04035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron transport through a quantum dot or single molecule coupled to a quantum oscillator is studied by the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function formalism to obtain insight into the quantum dynamics of the electronic and oscillator degrees of freedom. We tune the electronic level of the quantum dot by a gate voltage, where the leads are kept at zero temperature. Due to the nonequilibrium distribution of the electrons in the quantum dot, the spectral function becomes a function of the gate voltage. Novel spectral features are identified for the ground and excited states of nanomechanical oscillators that can be used to enhance the measurement sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tahir
- PSE Division, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A. MacKinnon
- Department of Physics, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Baber AE, Xu F, Dvorak F, Mudiyanselage K, Soldemo M, Weissenrieder J, Senanayake SD, Sadowski JT, Rodriguez JA, Matolín V, White MG, Stacchiola DJ. In Situ Imaging of Cu2O under Reducing Conditions: Formation of Metallic Fronts by Mass Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:16781-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja408506y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Xu
- Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Filip Dvorak
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Markus Soldemo
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Material
Physics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Vladimír Matolín
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michael G. White
- Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hahn JR, Jang SH, Kim KW, Son SB. Hot carrier-selective chemical reactions on Ag(110). J Chem Phys 2013; 139:074707. [PMID: 23968107 DOI: 10.1063/1.4817947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we show that the pathways, products, and efficiencies of reactions occurring on a metal surface can be spatially modulated by varying the type and energy of hot carriers produced by injecting tunneling electrons or holes from a scanning tunneling microscope tip into the metal surface. Control over the metal surface reactions was demonstrated for the large-scale dissociation reaction of O2 molecules on a Ag(110) surface. Hot electrons (or holes) transported through the metal surface to chemisorbed O2 selectively dissociated the molecule into two oxygen atoms separated along the [110] (or [001]) lattice direction. The reaction selectivity was enhanced compared to the selectivity of a direct reaction involving tunneling carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ryang Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Bioactive Materials Science and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Roy S, Mujica V, Ratner MA. Chemistry at molecular junctions: Rotation and dissociation of O2 on the Ag(110) surface induced by a scanning tunneling microscope. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:074702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
28
|
Ham U, Ho W. Imaging single electron spin in a molecule trapped within a nanocavity of tunable dimension. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:074703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4790704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
29
|
Zhao A, Tan S, Li B, Wang B, Yang J, Hou JG. STM tip-assisted single molecule chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:12428-41. [PMID: 23788046 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51446c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidi Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale (HFNL), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui 230026, P R China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Altfeder I, Matveev KA, Voevodin AA. Imaging the electron-phonon interaction at the atomic scale. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:166402. [PMID: 23215098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.166402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Thin Pb films epitaxially grown on 7×7 reconstructed Si(111) represent an ideal model system for studying the electron-phonon interaction at the metal-insulator interface. For this system, using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, we performed direct real-space imaging of the electron-phonon coupling parameter. We found that λ increases when the electron scattering at the Pb/Si(111) interface is diffuse and decreases when the electron scattering is specular. We show that the effect is driven by transverse redistribution of the electron density inside a quantum well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Altfeder
- Nanoelectronic Materials Branch, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Franke KJ, Pascual JI. Effects of electron-vibration coupling in transport through single molecules. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2012; 24:394002. [PMID: 22964796 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/39/394002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we study the transport of electrons through C(60) molecules on different metal surfaces. When electrons tunnel through a molecule, they may excite molecular vibrations. A fingerprint of these processes is a characteristic sub-structure in the differential conductance spectra of the molecular junction reflecting the onset of vibrational excitation. Although the intensity of these processes is generally weak, they become more important as the resonant character of the transport mechanism increases. The detection of single vibrational levels crucially depends on the energy level alignment and lifetimes of excited states. In the limit of large current densities, resonant electron-vibration coupling leads to an energy accumulation in the molecule, which eventually leads to its decomposition. With our experiments on C(60) we are able to depict a molecular scale picture of how electrons interact with the vibrational degrees of freedom of single molecules in different transport regimes. This understanding helps in the development of stable molecular devices, which may also carry a switchable functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina J Franke
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Burema SR, Bocquet ML. Sensitizers in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy: a first-principles study of functional aromatics on Cu(111). NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:315702. [PMID: 22797417 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/31/315702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Low sensitivity is a key problem in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) with the scanning tunneling microscope. Using first-principles simulations, we predict different means to tune the IETS sensitivity of symmetrical functional aromatics on a Cu(111) surface. We show how the IET-spectra of phenyl-NO₂ compounds can be greatly enhanced as compared to pristine phenyl. More precisely, the NO₂ substituent qualifies as a sensitizer of low-frequency wagging modes, but also as a quencher of high-frequency stretching modes. At variance, the CO₂ substituent is found to suppress the whole IET-activity. The head-up (non-anchoring) and head-down (anchoring) configurations of the functional group lead to minor changes in the signals, nevertheless allowing access to discriminate configurational features. It is shown how to disentangle the electronic and steric effects of the substituent in the STM junction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R Burema
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Renaud N, Hliwa M, Joachim C. Single molecule logical devices. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 313:217-68. [PMID: 21826604 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
After almost 40 years of development, molecular electronics has given birth to many exciting ideas that range from molecular wires to molecular qubit-based quantum computers. This chapter reviews our efforts to answer a simple question: how smart can a single molecule be? In our case a molecule able to perform a simple Boolean function is a child prodigy. Following the Aviram and Ratner approach, these molecules are inserted between several conducting electrodes. The electronic conduction of the resulting molecular junction is extremely sensitive to the chemical nature of the molecule. Therefore designing this latter correctly allows the implementation of a given function inside the molecular junction. Throughout the chapter different approaches are reviewed, from hybrid devices to quantum molecular logic gates. We particularly stress that one can implement an entire logic circuit in a single molecule, using either classical-like intramolecular connections, or a deformation of the molecular orbitals induced by a conformational change of the molecule. These approaches are radically different from the hybrid-device approach, where several molecules are connected together to build the circuit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Renaud
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Goker A. Transient electron dynamics in a vibrating quantum dot in the Kondo regime. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:125302. [PMID: 21386369 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/12/125302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We employ the time-dependent non-crossing approximation to investigate the joint effect of strong electron-electron and electron-phonon interaction on the instantaneous conductance of a single-molecule transistor which is abruptly moved into the Kondo regime by means of a gate voltage. We find that the instantaneous conductance exhibits decaying sinusoidal oscillations on the long timescale for infinitesimal bias. The ambient temperature and electron-phonon coupling strength influence the amplitude of these oscillations. The frequency of the oscillations is found to be equal to the phonon frequency. We argue that the origin of these oscillations can be attributed to the interference between the emerging Kondo resonance and its phonon sidebands. We discuss the effect of finite bias on these oscillations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Goker
- Department of Physics, Bilecik University, Gulumbe, 11210, Bilecik, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li B, Li Z, Yang J, Hou JG. STM studies of single molecules: molecular orbital aspects. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2747-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03021j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
36
|
Fransson J, Galperin M. Spin seebeck coefficient of a molecular spin pump. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:14350-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20720b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Altfeder I, Voevodin AA, Roy AK. Vacuum phonon tunneling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:166101. [PMID: 21230983 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.166101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Field-induced phonon tunneling, a previously unknown mechanism of interfacial thermal transport, has been revealed by ultrahigh vacuum inelastic scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Using thermally broadened Fermi-Dirac distribution in the STM tip as in situ atomic-scale thermometer we found that thermal vibrations of the last tip atom are effectively transmitted to sample surface despite few angstroms wide vacuum gap. We show that phonon tunneling is driven by interfacial electric field and thermally vibrating image charges, and its rate is enhanced by surface electron-phonon interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Altfeder
- Thermal Sciences and Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li Z, Li B, Yang J, Hou JG. Single-molecule chemistry of metal phthalocyanine on noble metal surfaces. Acc Chem Res 2010; 43:954-62. [PMID: 20359193 DOI: 10.1021/ar9001558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To develop new functional materials and nanoscale electronics, researchers would like to accurately describe and precisely control the quantum state of a single molecule on a surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), combined with first-principles simulations, provides a powerful technique for acquiring this level of understanding. Traditionally, metal phthalocyanine (MPc) molecules, composed of a metal atom surrounded by a ligand ring, have been used as dyes and pigments. Recently, MPc molecules have shown great promise as components of light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, photovoltaic cells, and single-molecule devices. In this Account, we describe recent research on the characterization and control of adsorption and electronic states of a single MPc molecule on noble metal surfaces. In general, the electronic and magnetic properties of a MPc molecule largely depend on the type of metal ion within the phthalocyanine ligand and the type of surface on which the molecule is adsorbed. However, with the STM technique, we can use on-site molecular "surgery" to manipulate the structure and the properties of the molecule. For example, STM can induce a dehydrogenation reaction of the MPc, which allows us to control the Kondo effect, which describes the spin polarization of the molecule and its interaction with the complex environment. A specially designed STM tip can allow researchers to detect certain molecule-surface hybrid states that are not accessible by other techniques. By matching the local orbital symmetry of the STM tip and the molecule, we can generate the negative differential resistance effect in the formed molecular junction. This orbital symmetry based mechanism is extremely robust and does not critically depend on the geometry of the STM tip. In summary, this simple model system, a MPc molecule absorbed on a noble metal surface, demonstrates the power of STM for quantum characterization and manipulation of single molecules, highlighting the potential of this technique in a variety of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian Guo Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sprodowski C, Mehlhorn M, Morgenstern K. Dissociation of oxygen on Ag(100) induced by inelastic electron tunneling. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:264005. [PMID: 21386462 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/26/264005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is used to study the dissociation of molecular oxygen on Ag(100) induced by inelastic electron tunneling (IET) at 5 K. This dissociation is possible above 3.3 V with a yield of (3.63 ± 0.47) × 10(-9) per electron. Dissociation leads to three different types of hot atom motion: lateral motion, a cannon ball mechanism, and abstractive dissociation. Analysis of the I-t characteristics during dissociation suggests that the dissociation is proceeded by an adsorption site change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Sprodowski
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Abteilung ATMOS, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstrasse 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alducin M, Sánchez-Portal D, Arnau A, Lorente N. Mixed-valency signature in vibrational inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:136101. [PMID: 20481895 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory simulations of the vibrational inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) of O2 on Ag(110) permits us to solve its unexplained IETS data [Hahn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1914 (2000)]. When semilocal density functional theory is corrected by including static intra-atomic correlations, the IETS simulations are in excellent agreement with the experiment. The unforeseen consequence of our calculations is that when adsorbed along the [001] direction, molecular O2 on Ag(110) is a mixed-valent system. This analysis of IETS unambiguously reveals the paramagnetic nature of O2 on Ag(110).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maite Alducin
- Centro de Física de Materiales Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Edificio Korta, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yokota K, Taniguchi M, Kawai T. Molecular vibrations in metal–single-molecule–metal junctions. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
42
|
Taniguchi M, Tsutsui M, Yokota K, Kawai T. Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of single-molecule junctions using a mechanically controllable break junction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:434008. [PMID: 19801761 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of electrical measurements to identify simultaneously the number and type of organic molecules within metal-molecule-metal junctions. Our strategy combines analyses of single-molecule conductance and inelastic electron tunneling spectra, exploiting a nanofabricated mechanically controllable break junction. We found that the peak linewidth of the inelastic electron tunneling spectrum decreased as the modulation voltage and temperature decreased, and that the selection rule for inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy agrees with that for Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, the differential conductance curve of the single-molecule junction suggests that it has asymmetrical electrode-molecule coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Hahn JR, Ho W. Vibrational mode specific bond dissociation in a single molecule. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:044706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3187940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
|
44
|
Paulsson M, Frederiksen T, Ueba H, Lorente N, Brandbyge M. Unified description of inelastic propensity rules for electron transport through nanoscale junctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:226604. [PMID: 18643440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.226604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a method to analyze the results of first-principles based calculations of electronic currents including inelastic electron-phonon effects. This method allows us to determine the electronic and vibrational symmetries in play, and hence to obtain the so-called propensity rules for the studied systems. We show that only a few scattering states--namely those belonging to the most transmitting eigenchannels--need to be considered for a complete description of the electron transport. We apply the method on first-principles calculations of four different systems and obtain the propensity rules in each case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Paulsson
- Division of Physics, School of Pure and Applied Natural Science, University of Kalmar, 391 82 Kalmar, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yan S, Lee JY, Hahn JR. Electric field effect on the vibration of single CO molecules in a scanning tunneling microscope junction. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:4731-4. [PMID: 18355068 DOI: 10.1021/jp711602b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and ab initio calculations were used to study the electric field effect on the vibration of single CO molecules in an STM junction at 13 K. The vibrational energy of CO molecules adsorbed on silver atoms, measured by STM-based inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, depends on the direction of the electric field applied between the STM tip and the silver species. This characteristic can be explained by the charge separation model. The electric field modifies the binding characteristics of CO on silver as a result of a change in the charged states of the species, which leads to an increase (or a decrease) of the energies of the hindered rotation and the CO stretch on silver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Andrews DQ, Van Duyne RP, Ratner MA. Stochastic modulation in molecular electronic transport junctions: molecular dynamics coupled with charge transport calculations. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:1120-1126. [PMID: 18351748 DOI: 10.1021/nl073265l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The experimental variation in conductance that can be expected through dynamically evolving Au-molecule-Au junctions is approximated using molecular dynamics to model thermal fluctuations and a nonequilibrium Green's function code (Hückel-IV 2.0) to calculate the charge transport. This generates a statistical set of conductance data that can be used to compare directly with experimental results. Experimental measurements on Au-single molecule junctions show a large variation in conductance values between different identically prepared junctions. Our computational results indicate that the Au-Au and the Au-molecule fluctuations provide extensive geometric freedom and an associated broad distribution in calculated conductance values. Our results show agreement with experimental measurements of the low bias voltage conductance and conductance distribution for both thiol-Au and amine-Au linker structures. -
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Q Andrews
- Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, EVanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang Y, Kioupakis E, Lu X, Wegner D, Yamachika R, Dahl JE, Carlson RMK, Louie SG, Crommie MF. Spatially resolved electronic and vibronic properties of single diamondoid molecules. NATURE MATERIALS 2008; 7:38-42. [PMID: 18037893 DOI: 10.1038/nmat2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Diamondoids are a unique form of carbon nanostructure best described as hydrogen-terminated diamond molecules. Their diamond-cage structures and tetrahedral sp3 hybrid bonding create new possibilities for tuning electronic bandgaps, optical properties, thermal transport and mechanical strength at the nanoscale. The recently discovered higher diamondoids have thus generated much excitement in regards to their potential versatility as nanoscale devices. Despite this excitement, however, very little is known about the properties of isolated diamondoids on metal surfaces, a very relevant system for molecular electronics. For example, it is unclear how the microscopic characteristics of molecular orbitals and local electron-vibrational coupling affect electron conduction, emission and energy transfer in the diamondoids. Here, we report the first single-molecule study of tetramantane diamondoids on Au(111) using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy. We find that the diamondoid electronic structure and electron-vibrational coupling exhibit unique and unexpected spatial correlations characterized by pronounced nodal structure across the molecular surfaces. Ab initio pseudopotential density functional calculations reveal that much of the observed electronic and vibronic properties of diamondoids are determined by surface hydrogen terminations, a feature having important implications for designing future diamondoid-based molecular devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Wang
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu N, Silien C, Ho W, Maddox JB, Mukamel S, Liu B, Bazan GC. Chemical imaging of single 4,7,12,15-tetrakis[2.2]paracyclophane by spatially resolved vibrational spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:244711. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2815814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
49
|
|
50
|
Affiliation(s)
- Iain Ross McNab
- Lash Miller Chemical Laboratories, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|