1
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Malyshev AV, Glazov DA, Kozhedub YS, Anisimova IS, Kaygorodov MY, Shabaev VM, Tupitsyn II. Ab initio Calculations of Energy Levels in Be-Like Xenon: Strong Interference between Electron-Correlation and QED Effects. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:183001. [PMID: 34018778 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.183001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The strong mixing of close levels with two valence electrons in Be-like xenon greatly complicates ab initio QED calculations beyond the first-order approximation. Because of a strong interplay between the electron-electron correlation and QED effects, the standard single-level perturbative QED approach may fail, even if it takes into account the second-order screened QED diagrams. In the present Letter, the corresponding obstacles are overcome by working out the QED perturbation theory for quasidegenerate states. The contributions of all the Feynman diagrams up to the second order are taken into account. The many-electron QED effects are rigorously evaluated in the framework of the extended Furry picture to all orders in the nuclear-strength parameter αZ. The higher-order electron-correlation effects are considered within the Breit approximation. The nuclear recoil effect is accounted for as well. The developed approach is applied to high-precision QED calculations of the ground and singly excited energy levels in Be-like xenon. The most accurate theoretical predictions for the binding and excitation energies are obtained. These results deviate from the most precise experimental value by 3σ but perfectly agree with a more recent measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Malyshev
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Glazov
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Y S Kozhedub
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I S Anisimova
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Y Kaygorodov
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V M Shabaev
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I I Tupitsyn
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Paul N, Bian G, Azuma T, Okada S, Indelicato P. Testing Quantum Electrodynamics with Exotic Atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:173001. [PMID: 33988393 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Precision study of few-electron, high-Z ions is a privileged field for probing high-field, bound-state quantum electrodynamics (BSQED). However, the accuracy of such tests is plagued by nuclear uncertainties, which are often larger than the BSQED effects under investigation. We propose an alternative method with exotic atoms and show that transitions may be found between circular Rydberg states where nuclear contributions are vanishing while BSQED effects remain large. When probed with newly available quantum sensing detectors, these systems offer gains in sensitivity of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, while the mean electric field largely exceeds the Schwinger limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Paul
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Guojie Bian
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
- Key Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, 100088 Beijing, China
| | - Toshiyuki Azuma
- Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinji Okada
- Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Paul Indelicato
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Collège de France, Case 74; 4, place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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3
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Dreissen LS, Roth C, Gründeman EL, Krauth JJ, Favier M, Eikema KSE. High-Precision Ramsey-Comb Spectroscopy Based on High-Harmonic Generation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:143001. [PMID: 31702181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.143001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-harmonic generation (HHG) is widely used for up-conversion of amplified (near) infrared ultrafast laser pulses to short wavelengths. We demonstrate that Ramsey-comb spectroscopy, based on two such pulses derived from a frequency-comb laser, enables us to observe phase effects in this process with a few mrad precision. As a result, we could perform the most accurate spectroscopic measurement based on light from HHG, illustrated with a determination of the 5p^{6}→5p^{5}8s^{2}[3/2]_{1} transition at 110 nm in ^{132}Xe. We improve its relative accuracy 10^{4} times to a value of 2.3×10^{-10}. This is 3.6 times better than shown before involving HHG, and promising to enable 1S-2S spectroscopy of He^{+} for fundamental tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Dreissen
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C Roth
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E L Gründeman
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J J Krauth
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Favier
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K S E Eikema
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
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von Hahn R, Becker A, Berg F, Blaum K, Breitenfeldt C, Fadil H, Fellenberger F, Froese M, George S, Göck J, Grieser M, Grussie F, Guerin EA, Heber O, Herwig P, Karthein J, Krantz C, Kreckel H, Lange M, Laux F, Lohmann S, Menk S, Meyer C, Mishra PM, Novotný O, O'Connor AP, Orlov DA, Rappaport ML, Repnow R, Saurabh S, Schippers S, Schröter CD, Schwalm D, Schweikhard L, Sieber T, Shornikov A, Spruck K, Sunil Kumar S, Ullrich J, Urbain X, Vogel S, Wilhelm P, Wolf A, Zajfman D. The cryogenic storage ring CSR. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:063115. [PMID: 27370434 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An electrostatic cryogenic storage ring, CSR, for beams of anions and cations with up to 300 keV kinetic energy per unit charge has been designed, constructed, and put into operation. With a circumference of 35 m, the ion-beam vacuum chambers and all beam optics are in a cryostat and cooled by a closed-cycle liquid helium system. At temperatures as low as (5.5 ± 1) K inside the ring, storage time constants of several minutes up to almost an hour were observed for atomic and molecular, anion and cation beams at an energy of 60 keV. The ion-beam intensity, energy-dependent closed-orbit shifts (dispersion), and the focusing properties of the machine were studied by a system of capacitive pickups. The Schottky-noise spectrum of the stored ions revealed a broadening of the momentum distribution on a time scale of 1000 s. Photodetachment of stored anions was used in the beam lifetime measurements. The detachment rate by anion collisions with residual-gas molecules was found to be extremely low. A residual-gas density below 140 cm(-3) is derived, equivalent to a room-temperature pressure below 10(-14) mbar. Fast atomic, molecular, and cluster ion beams stored for long periods of time in a cryogenic environment will allow experiments on collision- and radiation-induced fragmentation processes of ions in known internal quantum states with merged and crossed photon and particle beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- R von Hahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Becker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Berg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Breitenfeldt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Fadil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Fellenberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Froese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S George
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Göck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Grieser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Grussie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E A Guerin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Heber
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - P Herwig
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Karthein
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Krantz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Kreckel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Lange
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Laux
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Lohmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Menk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Meyer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P M Mishra
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Novotný
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A P O'Connor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D A Orlov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M L Rappaport
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - R Repnow
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Saurabh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Schippers
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C D Schröter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Schwalm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sieber
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Shornikov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Spruck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Sunil Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Ullrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - S Vogel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Wilhelm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Zajfman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Thorn DB, Gu MF, Brown GV, Beiersdorfer P, Porter FS, Kilbourne CA, Kelley RL. Precision measurement of the K-shell spectrum from highly charged xenon with an array of X-ray calorimeters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:163001. [PMID: 19905691 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.163001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the K-shell spectrum from highly charged xenon ions recorded with a high-energy x-ray calorimeter spectrometer array that can distinguish between various theories for the atomic structure of the two electron system. The array was designed to provide high resolution with high quantum efficiency in the 10-60 keV x-ray range which allows us to resolve blends that afflicted previous measurements. A precision of better than 2 eV was achieved in the measurement of the Xe52+ and Xe53+ K-shell transitions located near 31 keV, which is an order of magnitude better than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Thorn
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
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Stöhlker T, Gumberidze A, Kumar A, Reuschl R, Trassinelli M. Chapter 5 Quantum Electrodynamics in One- and Two-Electron High-Z Ions. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3276(07)53005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Beiersdorfer P. Testing high-Z QED with SuperEBIT: An estimate of the two-loop Lamb shift based on a measurement of the – transition in. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gumberidze A, Stöhlker T, Banaś D, Beckert K, Beller P, Beyer HF, Bosch F, Hagmann S, Kozhuharov C, Liesen D, Nolden F, Ma X, Mokler PH, Steck M, Sierpowski D, Tashenov S. Quantum electrodynamics in strong electric fields: the ground-state Lamb shift in hydrogenlike uranium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:223001. [PMID: 16090386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.223001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
X-ray spectra following radiative recombination of free electrons with bare uranium ions (U92+) were measured at the electron cooler of the ESR storage ring. The most intense lines observed in the spectra can be attributed to the characteristic Lyman ground-state transitions and to the recombination of free electrons into the K shell of the ions. Our experiment was carried out by utilizing the deceleration technique which leads to a considerable reduction of the uncertainties associated with Doppler corrections. This, in combination with the 0 degree observation geometry, allowed us to determine the ground-state Lamb shift in hydrogenlike uranium (U91+) from the observed x-ray lines with an accuracy of 1%. The present result is about 3 times more precise than the most accurate value available up to now and provides the most stringent test of bound-state quantum electrodynamics for one-electron systems in the strong-field regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gumberidze
- Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
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Gumberidze A, Stöhlker T, Banaś D, Beckert K, Beller P, Beyer HF, Bosch F, Cai X, Hagmann S, Kozhuharov C, Liesen D, Nolden F, Ma X, Mokler PH, Orsić-Muthig A, Steck M, Sierpowski D, Tashenov S, Warczak A, Zou Y. Electron-electron interaction in strong electromagnetic fields: the two-electron contribution to the ground-state energy in He-like uranium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:203004. [PMID: 15169349 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.203004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Radiative recombination transitions into the ground state of cooled bare and hydrogenlike uranium ions were measured at the storage ring ESR. By comparing the corresponding x-ray centroid energies, this technique allows for a direct measurement of the electron-electron contribution to the ionization potential in the heaviest He-like ions. For the two-electron contribution to the ionization potential of He-like uranium we obtain a value of 2248+/-9 eV. This represents the most accurate determination of two-electron effects in the domain of high-Z He-like ions, and the accuracy reaches already the size of the specific two-electron radiative QED corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gumberidze
- Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany and Institut für Kernphysik, University of Frankfurt, 60486 Frankfurt, Germany
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Johnson W, Cheng K, Chen M. Accurate Relativistic Calculations Including QED Contributions for Few-Electron Systems. THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1380-7323(04)80030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Yerokhin VA, Indelicato P, Shabaev VM. Two-loop self-energy correction in high-Z hydrogenlike ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:073001. [PMID: 12935012 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.073001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A complete evaluation of the two-loop self-energy diagrams to all orders in Zalpha is presented for the ground state of H-like ions with Z > or =40.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Yerokhin
- Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Oulianovskaya 1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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Surzhykov A, Fritzsche S, Gumberidze A, Stöhlker T. Lyman- alpha(1) decay in hydrogenlike ions: interference between the E1 and M2 transition amplitudes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 88:153001. [PMID: 11955194 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
For the Lyman- alpha(1) transition (2p(3/2)-->1s(1/2)) in hydrogenlike ions an interference between the leading E1 decay channel and the much weaker M2 multipole transition gives rise to a remarkable modified angular distribution of the emitted photons from aligned ions. This effect is most pronounced for the heaviest elements but results in a still sizable correction for medium- Z ions. For the particular case of hydrogenlike uranium where the angular distribution of the Lyman- alpha(1) x rays following radiative electron capture has been measured, the former variance with theoretical findings is removed when this E1-M2 interference is taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Surzhykov
- Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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Shabaev VM, Artemyev AN, Yerokhin VA, Zherebtsov OM, Soff G. Towards a test of QED in investigations of the hyperfine splitting in heavy ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3959-3962. [PMID: 11328070 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A possibility for investigations of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in experiments on the hyperfine splitting in heavy ions is examined. It is found that QED effects can be probed on the level of a few percent in a specific difference of the hyperfine splitting values in hydrogenlike and lithiumlike bismuth. This could provide a test of QED in the strongest electric field available at present for experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Shabaev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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