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Asban S, Mukamel S. Distinguishability and "which pathway" information in multidimensional interferometric spectroscopy with a single entangled photon-pair. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj4566. [PMID: 34550740 PMCID: PMC8457662 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj4566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Correlated photons inspire abundance of metrology-related platforms, which benefit from quantum (anti-) correlations and outperform their classical counterparts. While these mainly focus on entanglement, the role of photon exchange phase and degree of distinguishability has not been widely used in quantum applications. Using an interferometric setup, we theoretically show that, when a two-photon wave function is coupled to matter, it is encoded with “which pathway?” information even at low-degree of entanglement. An interferometric protocol, which enables phase-sensitive discrimination between microscopic interaction histories (pathways), is developed. We find that quantum light interferometry facilitates utterly different set of time delay variables, which are unbound by uncertainty to the inverse bandwidth of the wave packet. We illustrate our findings on an exciton model system and demonstrate how to probe intraband dephasing in the time domain without temporally resolved detection. The unusual scaling of multiphoton coincidence signals with the applied pump intensity is discussed.
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2
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Xie M, Zhang H, Lin Z, Long GL. Implementation of a twin-beam state-based clock synchronization system with dispersion-free HOM feedback. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:28607-28618. [PMID: 34614987 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the field of clock synchronization, the application of frequency-entangled source is a promising direction to improve accuracy and security. In this paper, we analyze the performance of the twin-beam state and the difference-beam state using a practical second-order interference-based scheme. The advantages of the twin-beam state are pointed out especially for the dispersion-free property of HOM interference in a long-distance clock transfer. With the introduction of dispersion-compensated material, our experimental system based on a twin-beam state achieves a clock accuracy at 4 ps with a time offset precision of 1.8 ps over 10 s acquisition time while the time deviation is 0.15 ps over an averaging time of 5500 s in a 22 km-long transmission. These properties exhibit a leading position compared with the current clock synchronization system using the same theoretical scheme and also competitive among the implementations using other second-order interference-based schemes.
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Numerical Investigation of High-Purity Polarization-Entangled Photon-Pair Generation in Non-Poled KTP Isomorphs. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11020565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the high-purity entangled photon-pair generation in five kinds of “non-poled” potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) isomorphs (i.e., KTiOPO4, RbTiOPO4, KTiOAsO4, RbTiOAsO4, and CsTiOAsO4). The technique is based on the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) under Type II extended phase matching (EPM), where the phase matching and the group velocity matching are simultaneously achieved between the interacting photons in non-poled crystals rather than periodically poled (PP) KTPs that are widely used for quantum experiments. We discussed both theoretically and numerically all aspects required to generate photon pairs in non-poled KTP isomorphs, in terms of the range of the beam propagation direction (or the spectral range of photons) and the corresponding effective nonlinearities and beam walk-offs. We showed that the SPDC efficiency can be increased in non-poled KTP isomorphs by 29% to 77% compared to PPKTP cases. The joint spectral analyses showed that photon pairs can be generated with high purities of 0.995–0.997 with proper pump filtering. In contrast to the PPKTP case, where the EPM is achieved only at one specific wavelength, the spectral position of photon pairs in the non-poled KTP isomorphs can be chosen over the wide range of 1883.8–2068.1 nm.
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Numerical Investigation of High-Purity Entangled Photon-Pair Generation in Ba3Mg3(BO3)3F3 Crystals. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10121164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the high-purity entangled photon pair generation in a recently developed borate crystal, Ba3Mg3(BO3)3F3. The technique is based on the spontaneous parametric down-conversion under the extended phase matching (EPM), where the phase matching and the group velocity matching between the interacting photons are satisfied simultaneously in bulk crystals with point symmetry of orthorhombic mm2 (thus showing biaxial birefringence). We will discuss all the theoretical aspects required for the generation of photon pairs in mm2 biaxial crystals, which are much more complex than the cases of uniaxial crystals (e.g., β-BaB2O4 and LiNbO3) and periodically poled crystals that are widely used in the field. Our study includes theoretical and numerical investigations of two types of EPM and their corresponding effective nonlinearities and spatial walk-offs. The results show that two types of EPM are satisfied over the specific range in the direction of pump wave vector, corresponding to its spectral ranges of 876.15–1052.77 nm for Type I and 883.92–914.33 nm for Type II. The joint spectral analyses show that photon-pairs can be generated with high purities of 0.997 with a proper pump filtering (for Type II), and 0.833 even without pump filtering (for Type I).
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6
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Maccone L, Ren C. Quantum Radar. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:200503. [PMID: 32501069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.200503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a quantum metrology protocol for the localization of a noncooperative pointlike target in three-dimensional space, by illuminating it with electromagnetic waves. It employs all the spatial degrees of freedom of N entangled photons to achieve an uncertainty in localization that is sqrt[N] times smaller for each spatial direction than what could be achieved by N-independent photons or by classical light of the same average intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Maccone
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN Sez. Pavia, University of Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Changliang Ren
- Center for Nanofabrication and System Integration, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, People's Republic of China
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7
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Su XR, Huang YW, Xiang T, Li YH, Chen XF. Generation of Pure State Photon Triplets in the C-Band. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10110775. [PMID: 31766172 PMCID: PMC6915332 DOI: 10.3390/mi10110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the cascaded second-order spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is considered to produce pure state photon triplets in periodically poled lithium niobite (PPLN) doped with 5% MgO. A set of parameters are optimized through calculating the Schmidt number of two-photon states generated by each down-conversion process with different pump durations and crystal lengths. We use a Gaussian filter in part and obtain three photons with 100% purity in spectrum. We provide a feasible and unprecedented scheme to manipulate the spectrum purity of photon triplets in the communication band (C-band).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Rong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-R.S.); (T.X.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-R.S.); (T.X.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Tong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-R.S.); (T.X.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Yuan-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-R.S.); (T.X.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Department of physics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xian-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-R.S.); (T.X.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-5474-3252
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8
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Abstract
A modification of the standard Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer is proposed which allows one to replicate the celebrated coincidence dip in the case of two-independent delay parameters. In the ideal case where such delays are sufficiently stable with respect to the mean wavelength of the pump source, properly symmetrized input bi-photon states allow one to pinpoint their values through the identification of a zero in the coincidence counts, a feature that cannot be simulated by semiclassical inputs having the same spectral properties. Besides, in the presence of fluctuating parameters the zero in the coincidences is washed away: still the bi-photon state permits to recover the values of parameters with a visibility which is higher than the one allowed by semiclassical sources. The detrimental role of loss and dispersion is also analyzed and an application in the context of quantum positioning is presented.
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9
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Avanaki KN, Schatz GC. Entangled Photon Resonance Energy Transfer in Arbitrary Media. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3181-3188. [PMID: 31117677 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the unique nonclassical character of two-photon interactions induced by entangled photons, we develop a new comprehensive Förster-type formulation for entangled-two-photon resonance energy transfer (E2P-RET) mediated by inhomogeneous, dispersive, and absorptive media with any space-dependent and frequency-dependent dielectric function and with any size of donor/acceptor. In our theoretical framework, two uncoupled particles are jointly excited by the temporally entangled field associated with two virtual photons that are produced by three-level radiative cascade decay in a donor particle. The temporal entanglement leads to frequency anticorrelation in the virtual photon's field, and vanishing of one of the time-ordered excitation pathways. The underlying mechanism leads to more than 3 orders of magnitude enhancement in the E2P-RET rate compared with the uncorrelated photon case. With the power of our new formulation, we propose a way to characterize E2P-RET through an effective rate coefficient KE2P, introduced here. This coefficient shows how energy transfer can be enhanced or suppressed depending on rate parameters in the radiative cascade, and by varying the donor-acceptor frequency differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nasiri Avanaki
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , 12 Oxford Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , United States
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10
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Chen C, Heyes JE, Hong KH, Niu MY, Lita AE, Gerrits T, Nam SW, Shapiro JH, Wong FNC. Indistinguishable single-mode photons from spectrally engineered biphotons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:11626-11634. [PMID: 31053005 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.011626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We use pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion in KTiOPO 4, with a Gaussian phase-matching function and a transform-limited Gaussian pump, to achieve near-unity spectral purity in heralded single photons at telecommunication wavelength. Theory shows that these phase-matching and pump conditions are sufficient to ensure that a biphoton state with a circularly symmetric joint spectral intensity profile is transform limited and factorable. We verify the heralded-state spectral purity in a four-fold coincidence measurement by performing Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between two independently generated heralded photons. With a mild spectral filter we obtain an interference visibility of 98.4±1.1% which corresponds to a heralded-state purity of 99.2%. Our heralded photon source is potentially an essential resource for measurement-based quantum information processing and quantum network applications.
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11
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Sedziak-Kacprowicz K, Lasota M, Kolenderski P. Remote temporal wavepacket narrowing. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3111. [PMID: 30816284 PMCID: PMC6395858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum communication protocols can be significantly enhanced by careful preparation of the wavepackets of the utilized photons. Following the theoretical proposal published recently by our group, we experimentally demonstrate the effect of remote temporal wavepacket narrowing of a heralded single photon produced via spontaneous parametric down-conversion. This is done by utilizing a time-resolved measurement on the heralding photon which is frequency-entangled with the heralded photon. We then investigate optimal photon pair source characteristics to minimize heralded wavepacket width.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Sedziak-Kacprowicz
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Lasota
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Piotr Kolenderski
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
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12
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Volk MF, Rüter CE, Kip D. Rb/Ba side-diffused ridge waveguides in KTP. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:19872-19877. [PMID: 29041674 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.019872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on characterization of ridge waveguides fabricated in KTP (KTiOPO4) by use of diamond-blade dicing and Rb/Ba ion exchange. The waveguides were prepared in substrates that have their z-axis in the surface plane, perpendicular to the waveguide direction. This hinders the RbBa ions from diffusion into the depth, as they are only mobile along the z-axis, and improves the waveguide's resistance against elevated temperature. Attenuation coefficients of 0.3 dB/cm (0.4 dB/cm) for TM (TE) polarization were measured at 1060 nm wavelength. Internal conversion efficiency of up to 3.3%/(W cm2) was determined for type-II SHG of 1064 nm.
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13
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Oka H. Generation of broadband ultraviolet frequency-entangled photons using cavity quantum plasmonics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8047. [PMID: 28808262 PMCID: PMC5556063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of quantum entangled photons is now extending to various fields in physics, chemistry and biology. In particular, in terms of application to molecular science, broadband ultraviolet frequency-entangled photons are desired because molecules inducing photochemical reactions of interest often have electronic transition energies in the ultraviolet region. Recent standard method for generating such entangled photons is a chirped quasi-phase-matching method, however this method is not suitable for the generation of ultraviolet frequency-entangled photons because it requires down-conversion of a photon with a wavelength shorter than ultraviolet into an entangled photon pair. Here we propose a simple method for generating broadband ultraviolet frequency-entangled photons using cavity quantum plasmonics, in which conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics theory is applied to quantum plasmonics. We introduce a cavity-plasmon system in which localised surface plasmon (LSP) is coupled to the cavity fields of a state-of-the-art microcavity. Using this system, we theoretically show that broadband ultraviolet frequency-entangled photons can be generated simply by utilising the absorption saturation effect of LSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaki Oka
- Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan.
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14
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Chen C, Bo C, Niu MY, Xu F, Zhang Z, Shapiro JH, Wong FNC. Efficient generation and characterization of spectrally factorable biphotons. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:7300-7312. [PMID: 28380854 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.007300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spectrally unentangled biphotons with high single-spatiotemporal-mode purity are highly desirable for many quantum information processing tasks. We generate biphotons with an inferred heralded-state spectral purity of 99%, the highest to date without any spectral filtering, by pulsed spontaneous parametric downconversion in a custom-fabricated periodically-poled KTiOPO4 crystal under extended Gaussian phase-matching conditions. To efficiently characterize the joint spectral intensity of the generated biphotons at high spectral resolution, we employ a commercially available dispersion compensation module (DCM) with a dispersion equivalent to 100 km of standard optical fiber and with an insertion loss of only 2.8 dB. Compared with the typical method of using two temperature-stabilized equal-length fibers that incurs an insertion loss of 20 dB per fiber, the DCM approach achieves high spectral resolution in a much shorter measurement time. Because the dispersion amount and center wavelengths of DCMs can be easily customized, spectral characterization in a wide range of quantum photonic applications should benefit significantly from this technique.
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15
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Lee KJ, Lee S, Shin H. Extended phase-matching properties of periodically poled potassium niobate crystals for mid-infrared polarization-entangled photon-pair generation. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:9791-9796. [PMID: 27958472 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.009791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the extended phase-matching (EPM) properties of two kinds of periodically poled potassium niobate (KNbO3 or KN) crystals (i.e., periodic 180°- and 90°-domain structures) that are highly useful for the generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs in the mid-infrared (IR) spectral region. Under the degenerate Type II spontaneous parametric downconversion process satisfying the EPM condition, an input single photon with a frequency of 2ω generates a pair of synchronized photons with identical frequencies of ω that are orthogonally polarized with respect to each other (i.e., the frequency-coincident, polarization-entangled biphoton states). Our simulation results illustrate that the EPM is achievable in the mid-IR spectral region: at the wavelengths of 3.80 μm and 4.03 μm for periodic 90°- and 180°-domain structures, respectively. We will describe in detail the EPM properties of both cases in terms of interaction types and the corresponding nonlinear optic coefficients, phase-matching bandwidths, and domain poling periods. The calculated EPM bandwidths are much broader than 200 nm in the mid-IR for both cases, exhibiting a great potential for nonlinear-optic signal processing in quantum communication systems operating in the mid-IR bands.
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16
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Oka H. Efficient two-step up-conversion by quantum-correlated photon pairs. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:25839-25846. [PMID: 21164929 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.025839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigate the sequential two-step upconversion of correlated photon pairs with positive and negative energy correlations, in terms of how the up-conversion efficiency depends on the incident pulse delay. A three-level atomic system having a metastable state is used to evaluate the up-conversion efficiency. It is shown that a photon pair with a positive energy correlation can drastically enhance the up-conversion efficiency compared with uncorrelated photons and correlated photons with a negative energy correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaki Oka
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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17
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Smith BJ, Mahou P, Cohen O, Lundeen JS, Walmsley IA. Photon pair generation in birefringent optical fibers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:23589-23602. [PMID: 20052068 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.023589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study both experimentally and theoretically the generation of photon pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in standard birefringent optical fibers. The ability to produce a range of two-photon spectral states, from highly correlated (entangled) to completely factorable, by means of cross-polarized birefringent phase matching, is explored. A simple model is developed to predict the spectral state of the photon pair which shows how this can be adjusted by choosing the appropriate pump bandwidth, fiber length and birefringence. Spontaneous Raman scattering is modeled to determine the tradeoff between SFWM and background Raman noise, and the predicted results are shown to agree with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Smith
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Singapore.
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18
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Shimizu R, Edamatsu K. High-flux and broadband biphoton sources with controlled frequency entanglement. OPTICS EXPRESS 2009; 17:16385-16393. [PMID: 19770852 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.016385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the high-flux and broadband generation of biphotons with controlled frequency entanglement. For the generation of the entangled state consisting of frequency-anticorrelated photons, we use PPMgSLT pumped by a continuous-wave (cw) laser. Meanwhile, the state consisting of frequency-correlated photons is produced from PPKTP under the extended phase-matching condition. Both states exhibited interference patterns with over 90% visibilities in two-photon interference experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Shimizu
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.
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19
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Tsang M. Quantum imaging beyond the diffraction limit by optical centroid measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:253601. [PMID: 19659073 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.253601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
I propose a quantum imaging method that can beat the Rayleigh-Abbe diffraction limit and achieve de Broglie resolution without requiring a multiphoton absorber or coincidence detection. Using the same nonclassical states of light as those for quantum lithography, the proposed method requires only optical intensity measurements, followed by image postprocessing, to produce the same complex quantum interference patterns as those in quantum lithography. The method is expected to be experimentally realizable using current technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mankei Tsang
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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20
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Cohen O, Lundeen JS, Smith BJ, Puentes G, Mosley PJ, Walmsley IA. Tailored photon-pair generation in optical fibers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:123603. [PMID: 19392276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.123603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally control the spectral structure of photon pairs created via spontaneous four-wave mixing in microstructured fibers. By fabricating fibers with designed dispersion, one can manipulate the photons' wavelengths, joint spectrum, and, thus, entanglement. As an example, we produce photon pairs with no spectral correlations, allowing direct heralding of single photons in pure-state wave packets without filtering. We achieve an experimental purity of (85.9+/-1.6)%, while theoretical analysis and preliminary tests suggest that 94.5% purity is possible with a much longer fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Offir Cohen
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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21
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Kuzucu O, Wong FNC, Kurimura S, Tovstonog S. Joint temporal density measurements for two-photon state characterization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:153602. [PMID: 18999597 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.153602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a technique for characterizing two-photon quantum states based on joint temporal correlation measurements using time-resolved single-photon detection by femtosecond up-conversion. We measure for the first time the joint temporal density of a two-photon entangled state, showing clearly the time anticorrelation of the coincident-frequency entangled photon pair generated by ultrafast spontaneous parametric down-conversion under extended phase-matching conditions. The new technique enables us to manipulate the frequency entanglement by varying the down-conversion pump bandwidth to produce a nearly unentangled two-photon state that is expected to yield a heralded single-photon state with a purity of 0.88. The time-domain correlation technique complements existing frequency-domain measurement methods for a more complete characterization of photonic entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Kuzucu
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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22
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U'Ren AB, Erdmann RK, de la Cruz-Gutierrez M, Walmsley IA. Generation of two-photon States with an arbitrary degree of entanglement via nonlinear crystal superlattices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:223602. [PMID: 17155803 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.223602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a general method of engineering the joint quantum state of photon pairs produced in spontaneous parametric down-conversion. The method makes use of a superlattice structure of nonlinear and linear materials, in conjunction with a broadband pump, to manipulate the group delays of the signal and idler photons relative to the pump pulse, and realizes photon pairs described by a joint spectral amplitude with arbitrary degree of entanglement. This method of group-delay engineering has the potential of synthesizing a broad range of states including factorizable states crucial for quantum networking and states optimized for Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry. Experimental results for the latter case are presented, illustrating the principles of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred B U'Ren
- Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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23
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Tsang M. Quantum temporal correlations and entanglement via adiabatic control of vector solitons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:023902. [PMID: 16907447 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.023902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
It is shown that optical pulses with an average position accuracy beyond the standard quantum limit can be produced by adiabatically expanding an optical vector soliton followed by classical dispersion management. The proposed scheme is also capable of entangling positions of optical pulses and can potentially be used for general continuous-variable quantum-information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mankei Tsang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 91125, USA.
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Kuzucu O, Fiorentino M, Albota MA, Wong FNC, Kärtner FX. Two-photon coincident-frequency entanglement via extended phase matching. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:083601. [PMID: 15783891 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.083601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new class of frequency-entangled states generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion under extended phase-matching conditions. Biphoton entanglement with coincident signal and idler frequencies is observed over a broad bandwidth in periodically poled KTiOPO4. We demonstrate high visibility in Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometric measurements under pulsed pumping without spectral filtering, which indicates excellent frequency indistinguishability between the down-converted photons. The coincident-frequency entanglement source is useful for quantum information processing and quantum measurement applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Kuzucu
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Torres JP, Macià F, Carrasco S, Torner L. Engineering the frequency correlations of entangled two-photon states by achromatic phase matching. OPTICS LETTERS 2005; 30:314-316. [PMID: 15751896 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We put forward a new method to control the spectra of photon pairs generated in parametric downconversion that allows their spectral properties to be tuned from correlation to anticorrelation, including uncorrelation. The method employs tilted pulses and can be implemented in materials and frequency bands for which conventional methods do not hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Torres
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques and Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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