1
|
Alves NP, Alves WF, Siqueira ACA, Matias NLL, Gomes ASL, Raposo EP, de Miranda MHG. Observation of Replica Symmetry Breaking in Standard Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:093801. [PMID: 38489636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.093801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
We report the first experimental demonstration of the replica symmetry breaking (RSB) phenomenon in a fiber laser system supporting standard mode-locking (SML) regime. Though theoretically predicted, this photonic glassy phase remained experimentally undisclosed so far. We employ an ytterbium-based mode-locked fiber laser with a very rich phase diagram. Two phase transitions are observed separating three different regimes: cw, quasi-mode-locking (QML), and SML. The regimes are intrinsically related to the distinct dynamics of intensity fluctuations in the laser spectra. We set the connection between the RSB glassy phase with frustrated modes and onset of L-shaped intensity distributions in the QML regime, which impact directly the replica overlap measure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas P Alves
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Wesley F Alves
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - André C A Siqueira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Naudson L L Matias
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Anderson S L Gomes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ernesto P Raposo
- Laboratório de Física Teórica e Computacional, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcio H G de Miranda
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lentrodt D, Diekmann O, Keitel CH, Rotter S, Evers J. Certifying Multimode Light-Matter Interaction in Lossy Resonators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:263602. [PMID: 37450811 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.263602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantum models based on few-mode master equations have been a central tool in the study of resonator quantum electrodynamics, extending the seminal single-mode Jaynes-Cummings model to include loss and multiple modes. Despite their broad application range, previous approaches within this framework have either relied on a Markov approximation or a fitting procedure. By combining ideas from pseudomode and quasinormal mode theory, we develop a certification criterion for multi-mode effects in lossy resonators. It is based on a witness observable, and neither requires a fitting procedure nor a Markov approximation. Using the resulting criterion, we demonstrate that such multi-mode effects are important for understanding previous experiments in x-ray cavity QED with Mössbauer nuclei and that they allow one to tune the nuclear ensemble properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lentrodt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- EUCOR Centre for Quantum Science and Quantum Computing, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Diekmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph H Keitel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rotter
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Evers
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Makarenko M, Burguete-Lopez A, Getman F, Fratalocchi A. Generalized Maxwell projections for multi-mode network Photonics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9038. [PMID: 32493942 PMCID: PMC7270083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of optical resonant systems for controlling light at the nanoscale is an exciting field of research in nanophotonics. While describing the dynamics of few resonances is a relatively well understood problem, controlling the behavior of systems with many overlapping states is considerably more difficult. In this work, we use the theory of generalized operators to formulate an exact form of spatio-temporal coupled mode theory, which retains the simplicity of traditional coupled mode theory developed for optical waveguides. We developed a fast computational method that extracts all the characteristics of optical resonators, including the full density of states, the modes quality factors, and the mode resonances and linewidths, by employing a single first principle simulation. This approach can facilitate the analytical and numerical study of complex dynamics arising from the interactions of many overlapping resonances, defined in ensembles of resonators of any geometrical shape and in materials with arbitrary responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Makarenko
- PRIMALIGHT, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Applied Mathematics and Computational Sci-4ence, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Burguete-Lopez
- PRIMALIGHT, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Applied Mathematics and Computational Sci-4ence, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Getman
- PRIMALIGHT, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Applied Mathematics and Computational Sci-4ence, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Fratalocchi
- PRIMALIGHT, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Applied Mathematics and Computational Sci-4ence, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The spatial formation of coherent random laser modes in strongly scattering disordered random media is a central feature in the understanding of the physics of random lasers. We derive a quantum field theoretical method for random lasing in disordered samples of complex amplifying Mie resonators which is able to provide self-consistently and free of any fit parameter the full set of transport characteristics at and above the laser phase transition. The coherence length and the correlation volume respectively is derived as an experimentally measurable scale of the phase transition at the laser threshold. We find that the process of stimulated emission in extended disordered arrangements of active Mie resonators is ultimately connected to time-reversal symmetric multiple scattering in the sense of photonic transport while the diffusion coefficient is finite. A power law is found for the random laser mode diameters in stationary state with increasing pump intensity.
Collapse
|
5
|
Antenucci F, Crisanti A, Leuzzi L. The glassy random laser: replica symmetry breaking in the intensity fluctuations of emission spectra. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16792. [PMID: 26616194 PMCID: PMC4663759 DOI: 10.1038/srep16792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The behavior of a newly introduced overlap parameter, measuring the correlation between intensity fluctuations of waves in random media, is analyzed in different physical regimes, with varying amount of disorder and non-linearity. This order parameter allows to identify the laser transition in random media and describes its possible glassy nature in terms of emission spectra data, the only data so far accessible in random laser measurements. The theoretical analysis is performed in terms of the complex spherical spin-glass model, a statistical mechanical model describing the onset and the behavior of random lasers in open cavities. Replica Symmetry Breaking theory allows to discern different kinds of randomness in the high pumping regime, including the most complex and intriguing glassy randomness. The outcome of the theoretical study is, eventually, compared to recent intensity fluctuation overlap measurements demonstrating the validity of the theory and providing a straightforward interpretation of qualitatively different spectral behaviors in different random lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Antenucci
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Crisanti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- ISC-CNR, UOS Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Leuzzi
- NANOTEC-CNR, Institute of Nanotechnology, Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Antenucci F, Conti C, Crisanti A, Leuzzi L. General phase diagram of multimodal ordered and disordered lasers in closed and open cavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:043901. [PMID: 25679894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.043901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a unified approach to the theory of multimodal laser cavities including a variable amount of structural disorder. A general mean-field theory is studied for waves in media with variable nonlinearity and randomness. Phase diagrams are reported in terms of optical power, degree of disorder, and degree of nonlinearity, tuning between closed and open cavity scenarios. In the thermodynamic limit of infinitely many modes, the theory predicts four distinct regimes: a continuous wave behavior for low power, a standard mode-locking laser regime for high power and weak disorder, a random laser for high pumped power and large disorder, and a novel intermediate regime of phase locking occurring in the presence of disorder but below the lasing threshold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Antenucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy and IPCF-CNR, UOS Kerberos Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Conti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy and ISC-CNR, UOS Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Crisanti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy and ISC-CNR, UOS Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - L Leuzzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Sapienza," Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy and IPCF-CNR, UOS Kerberos Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Burda Z, Grela J, Nowak MA, Tarnowski W, Warchoł P. Dysonian dynamics of the Ginibre ensemble. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:104102. [PMID: 25238361 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.104102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the time evolution of Ginibre matrices whose elements undergo Brownian motion. The non-Hermitian character of the Ginibre ensemble binds the dynamics of eigenvalues to the evolution of eigenvectors in a nontrivial way, leading to a system of coupled nonlinear equations resembling those for turbulent systems. We formulate a mathematical framework allowing simultaneous description of the flow of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and we unravel a hidden dynamics as a function of a new complex variable, which in the standard description is treated as a regulator only. We solve the evolution equations for large matrices and demonstrate that the nonanalytic behavior of the Green's functions is associated with a shock wave stemming from a Burgers-like equation describing correlations of eigenvectors. We conjecture that the hidden dynamics that we observe for the Ginibre ensemble is a general feature of non-Hermitian random matrix models and is relevant to related physical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdzislaw Burda
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics and Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre, Jagiellonian University, PL-30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jacek Grela
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics and Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre, Jagiellonian University, PL-30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Maciej A Nowak
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics and Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre, Jagiellonian University, PL-30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Tarnowski
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics and Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre, Jagiellonian University, PL-30-059 Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Warchoł
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics and Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre, Jagiellonian University, PL-30-059 Cracow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bamba M, Pigeon S, Ciuti C. Quantum squeezing generation versus photon localization in a disordered planar microcavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:213604. [PMID: 20867098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.213604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigate theoretically the nonlinear dynamics induced by an intense pump field in a disordered planar microcavity. Through a self-consistent theory, we show how the generation of quantum optical noise squeezing is affected by the breaking of the in-plane translational invariance and the occurrence of photon localization. We find that the generation of single-mode Kerr squeezing for the ideal planar case can be prevented by disorder as a result of multimode nonlinear coupling, even when the other modes are in the vacuum state. However, the excess noise is a nonmonotonic function of the disorder amplitude. In the strong localization limit, we show that the system becomes protected with respect to this fundamental coupling mechanism and that the ideal quadrature squeezing generation can be obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoaki Bamba
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 et CNRS, Bâtiment Condorcet, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Excitation of localized modes and mechanism of random lasing forming in random media. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-006-2102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
|
11
|
Fyodorov YV, Savin DV, Sommers HJ. Scattering, reflection and impedance of waves in chaotic and disordered systems with absorption. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/38/49/017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
12
|
Viviescas C, Hackenbroich G. Quantum theory of multimode fields: applications to optical resonators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4266/6/4/004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
Fyodorov YV, Sommers HJ. Random matrices close to Hermitian or unitary: overview of methods and results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/36/12/326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
15
|
Savin DV, Sokolov VV, Sommers HJ. Is the concept of the non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian relevant in the case of potential scattering? PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2003; 67:026215. [PMID: 12636784 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.67.026215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We examine the notion and properties of the non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian of an unstable system using as an example potential resonance scattering with a fixed angular momentum. We present a consistent self-adjoint formulation of the problem of scattering on a finite-range potential, which is based on the separation of the configuration space into two segments, internal and external. The scattering amplitude is expressed in terms of the resolvent of a non-Hermitian operator H. The explicit form of this operator depends on both the radius of separation and the boundary conditions at this place, which can be chosen in many different ways. We discuss this freedom and show explicitly that the physical scattering amplitude is, nevertheless, unique, although not all choices are equally adequate from the physical point of view. The energy-dependent operator H should not be confused with the non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian H(eff) which is usually exploited to describe interference of overlapping resonances. We note that the simple Breit-Wigner approximation is as a rule valid for any individual resonance in the case of few-channel scattering on a flat billiardlike cavity, leaving no room for nontrivial H(eff) to appear. The physics is appreciably richer in the case of an open chain of L connected similar cavities whose spectrum has a band structure. For a fixed band of L overlapping resonances, the smooth energy dependence of H can be ignored so that the constant LxL submatrix H(eff) approximately describes the time evolution of the chain in the energy domain of the band and the complex eigenvalues of H(eff) define the energies and widths of the resonances. We apply the developed formalism to the problem of a chain of L delta barriers, whose solution is also found independently in a closed form. We construct H(eff) for the two commonly considered types of boundary conditions (Neumann and Dirichlet) for the internal motion. Although the final results are in perfect coincidence, somewhat different physical patterns arise of the trend of the system with growing openness. Formation in the outer well of a short-lived doorway state shifted in energy is explicitly demonstrated together with the appearance of L-1 long-lived states trapped in the inner part of the chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Savin
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität-GH Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fyodorov YV, Mehlig B. Statistics of resonances and nonorthogonal eigenfunctions in a model for single-channel chaotic scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:045202. [PMID: 12443248 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.045202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe analytical and numerical results on the statistical properties of complex eigenvalues and the corresponding nonorthogonal eigenvectors for non-Hermitian random matrices modeling one-channel quantum-chaotic scattering in systems with broken time-reversal invariance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan V Fyodorov
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB83PH, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|