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Gattobigio GL, Couvert A, Reinaudi G, Georgeot B, Guéry-Odelin D. Optically guided beam splitter for propagating matter waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:030403. [PMID: 22861829 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We study experimentally and theoretically a beam splitter setup for guided atomic matter waves. The matter wave is a guided atom laser that can be tuned from quasimonomode to a regime where many transverse modes are populated, and propagates in a horizontal dipole beam until it crosses another horizontal beam at 45°. We show that depending on the parameters of this X configuration, the atoms can all end up in one of the two beams (the system behaves as a perfect guide switch), or be split between the four available channels (the system behaves as a beam splitter). The splitting regime results from a chaotic scattering dynamics. The existence of these different regimes turns out to be robust against small variations of the parameters of the system. From numerical studies, we also propose a scheme that provides a robust and controlled beam splitter in two channels only.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Gattobigio
- Laboratoire de Collisions Agrégats Réactivité, CNRS UMR 5589, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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2
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Deng L, Liang Y, Gu Z, Hou S, Li S, Xia Y, Yin J. Experimental demonstration of a controllable electrostatic molecular beam splitter. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:140401. [PMID: 21561169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.140401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a controllable electrostatic beam splitter for guided ND3 molecules with a single Y-shaped charged wire and a homogeneous bias field generated by a charged metallic parallel-plate capacitor. We study the dependences of the splitting ratio R of the guided ND3 beam and its relative guiding efficiency η on the voltage difference between two output arms of the splitter. The influences of the molecular velocity v and the cutting position L on the splitting ratio R are investigated as well, and the guiding and splitting dynamic processes of cold molecules are simulated. Our study shows that the splitting ratio R of our splitter can be conveniently adjusted from 10% to 90% by changing ΔU from -6 kV to +6 kV, and the simulated results are consistent with our experimental ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianzhong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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Lengwenus A, Kruse J, Schlosser M, Tichelmann S, Birkl G. Coherent transport of atomic quantum states in a scalable shift register. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:170502. [PMID: 21231030 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.170502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the coherent transport of 2D arrays of small ensembles of neutral atoms in a shift register architecture based on 2D arrays of microlenses. We show the scalability of the transport process by presenting the repeated hand over of atoms from site to site. We prove the conservation of coherence during transport, reloading, and a full shift register cycle. This shows that the fundamental shift sequence can be cascaded and thus scaled to complex and versatile 2D architectures for atom-based quantum information processing, quantum simulation, and the investigation of quantum degenerate gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lengwenus
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany
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Vicencio RA, Brand J, Flach S. Fano blockade by a bose-einstein condensate in an optical lattice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:184102. [PMID: 17501579 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.184102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We study the transport of atoms across a localized Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical lattice. For atoms scattering off the condensate, we predict total reflection as well as full transmission for certain parameter values on the basis of an exactly solvable model. The findings of analytical and numerical calculations are interpreted by a tunable Fano-like resonance and may lead to interesting applications for blocking and filtering atom beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Vicencio
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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Fatemi FK, Bashkansky M, Dutton Z. Dynamic high-speed spatial manipulation of cold atoms using acousto-optic and spatial light modulation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2007; 15:3589-3596. [PMID: 19532603 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.003589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an experimental technique for high-resolution, high-speed spatial manipulation of atom clouds. By combining holographically engineered laser beams from a spatial light modulator with off-axis shear mode acousto-optic deflectors, we manipulate 1 x 3 arrays of cold atoms with individual site addressability. Additionally, we demonstrate smooth 2-dimensional motion of atomic ensembles, and the ability to guide multiple atomic ensembles independently.
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Guerin W, Riou JF, Gaebler JP, Josse V, Bouyer P, Aspect A. Guided quasicontinuous atom laser. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:200402. [PMID: 17155665 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the first realization of a guided quasicontinuous atom laser by rf outcoupling a Bose-Einstein condensate from a hybrid optomagnetic trap into a horizontal atomic waveguide. This configuration allows us to cancel the acceleration due to gravity and keep the de Broglie wavelength constant at 0.5 microm during 0.1 s of propagation. We also show that our configuration, equivalent to pigtailing an optical fiber to a (photon) semiconductor laser, ensures an intrinsically good transverse mode matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Guerin
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l'Institut d'Optique, CNRS et Université Paris Sud 11, Campus Polytechnique, RD 128, 91127 Palaiseau, France.
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7
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SenDe A, Sen U, Gromek B, Bruss D, Lewenstein M. Capacities of quantum channels for massive bosons and fermions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:260503. [PMID: 16486326 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.260503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We consider the capacity of classical information transfer for noiseless quantum channels carrying a finite average number of massive bosons and fermions. The maximum capacity is attained by transferring the Fock states generated from the grand-canonical ensemble. Interestingly, the channel capacity for a Bose gas indicates the onset of Bose-Einstein condensation, by changing its qualitative behavior at the criticality, while for a channel carrying weakly attractive fermions, it exhibits the signatures of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer transition. We also show that, for noninteracting particles, fermions are better carriers of information than bosons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi SenDe
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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8
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Kim SW, Choi MS. Decoherence-driven quantum transport. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:226802. [PMID: 16384251 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.226802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new mechanism to generate a dc current of particles at zero bias based on a noble interplay between coherence and decoherence. We show that a dc current arises if the transport process in one direction is maintained coherent while the process in the opposite direction is incoherent. We provide possible implementations of the idea using an atomic Michelson interferometer and a ring interferometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Physics Education, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
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Zabow G, Conroy RS, Prentiss MG. Coherent matter-wave manipulation in the diabatic limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:180404. [PMID: 15169474 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.180404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Guided systems for coherent matter waves are expected to offer substantial improvements over unguided systems, but adiabatic coupler proposals have proven difficult to realize. We outline instead considerations for a coherence-preserving diabatic approach enabling filters, couplers, and interferometers that can accept multimode guide inputs of up to magneto-optical-trap temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zabow
- Center for Ultracold Atoms, Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Kreutzmann H, Poulsen UV, Lewenstein M, Dumke R, Ertmer W, Birkl G, Sanpera A. Coherence properties of guided-atom interferometers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:163201. [PMID: 15169227 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.163201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed theoretical investigation of the coherence properties of beam splitters and Mach-Zehnder interferometers for guided neutral atoms. We show that such a setup permits coherent wave packet splitting and leads to the appearance of interference fringes for both single-mode and thermal input states, evidencing thus the robustness of the interferometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kreutzmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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11
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Shin Y, Saba M, Pasquini TA, Ketterle W, Pritchard DE, Leanhardt AE. Atom interferometry with Bose-Einstein condensates in a double-well potential. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:050405. [PMID: 14995291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.050405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A trapped-atom interferometer was demonstrated using gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates coherently split by deforming an optical single-well potential into a double-well potential. The relative phase between the two condensates was determined from the spatial phase of the matter wave interference pattern formed upon releasing the condensates from the separated potential wells. Coherent phase evolution was observed for condensates held separated by 13 microm for up to 5 ms and was controlled by applying ac Stark shift potentials to either of the two separated condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shin
- Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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12
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Schmidt T, Figl C, Grimpe A, Grosser J, Hoffmann O, Rebentrost F. Control of atomic collisions by laser polarization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:033201. [PMID: 14753873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Atomic collision pairs in a light field form a microscopic interferometer. The light acts as the beam splitter and controls at the same time the amplitudes and phases of the interfering waves. We demonstrate the complete tunability using linear and elliptic polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schmidt
- Institut für Atom- und Molekülphysik, Universität Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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13
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Javanainen J, Ruostekoski J. Optical detection of fractional particle number in an atomic Fermi-Dirac gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:150404. [PMID: 14611454 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.150404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We study theoretically a Fermi-Dirac atomic gas in a one-dimensional optical lattice coupled to a coherent electromagnetic field with a topologically nontrivial soliton phase profile. We argue that the resulting fractional eigenvalues of the particle number operator can be detected via light scattering. This could be a truly quantum mechanical measurement of particle number fractionalization in a dilute atomic gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Javanainen
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3046, USA
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14
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Dorner U, Fedichev P, Jaksch D, Lewenstein M, Zoller P. Entangling strings of neutral atoms in 1D atomic pipeline structures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:073601. [PMID: 12935017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.073601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We study a string of neutral atoms with nearest neighbor interaction in a 1D beam splitter configuration, where the longitudinal motion is controlled by a moving optical lattice potential. The dynamics of the atoms crossing the beam splitter maps to a 1D spin model with controllable time dependent parameters, which allows the creation of maximally entangled states of atoms by crossing a quantum phase transition. Furthermore, we show that this system realizes protected quantum memory, and we discuss the implementation of one- and two-qubit gates in this setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Dorner
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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Girardeau MD. Dynamics of Lieb-Liniger gases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:040401. [PMID: 12906646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
It is proved that the Lieb-Liniger cusp condition implementing the delta function interaction in one-dimensional Bose gases is dynamically conserved under phase imprinting by pulses of arbitrary spatial form, and the subsequent many-body dynamics in the thermodynamic limit is expressed approximately in terms of solutions of the time-dependent single-particle Schrödinger equation for a set of time-dependent orbitals evolving from an initial Lieb-Liniger-Fermi sea. As an illustrative application, a generation of gray solitons in a Lieb-Liniger gas on a ring by a phase-imprinting pulse is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Girardeau
- Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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