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Araneda G, Cerchiari G, Higginbottom DB, Holz PC, Lakhmanskiy K, Obšil P, Colombe Y, Blatt R. The Panopticon device: An integrated Paul-trap-hemispherical mirror system for quantum optics. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:113201. [PMID: 33261421 DOI: 10.1063/5.0020661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and construction of a new experimental apparatus for the trapping of single Ba+ ions in the center of curvature of an optical-quality hemispherical mirror. We describe the layout, fabrication, and integration of the full setup, consisting of a high-optical access monolithic "3D-printed" Paul trap, the hemispherical mirror, a diffraction-limited in-vacuum lens (NA = 0.7) for collection of atomic fluorescence, and a state-of-the art ultra-high vacuum vessel. This new apparatus enables the study of quantum electrodynamics effects such as strong inhibition and enhancement of spontaneous emission and achieves a collection efficiency of the emitted light in a single optical mode of 31%.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Araneda
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Cerchiari
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D B Higginbottom
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - P C Holz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Lakhmanskiy
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - P Obšil
- Department of Optics, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Y Colombe
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - R Blatt
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Klumpp A, Zampetaki A, Schmelcher P. Dynamical ion transfer between coupled Coulomb crystals in a double-well potential. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:032227. [PMID: 29346977 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.032227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of coupled Coulomb crystals of different sizes trapped in a double well potential. The dynamics is induced by an instantaneous quench of the potential barrier separating the two crystals. Due to the intra- and intercrystal Coulomb interactions and the asymmetric population of the potential wells, we observe a complex reordering of ions within the two crystals as well as ion transfer processes from one well to the other. The study and analysis of the latter processes constitutes the main focus of this work. In particular, we examine the dependence of the observed ion transfers on the quench amplitude performing an analysis for different crystalline configurations ranging from one-dimensional ion chains via two-dimensional zigzag chains and ring structures to three-dimensional spherical structures. Such an analysis provides us with the means to extract the general principles governing the ion transfer dynamics and we gain some insight on the structural disorder caused by the quench of the barrier height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Klumpp
- Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Zampetaki
- Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmelcher
- Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Lee M, Kim J, Seo W, Hong HG, Song Y, Dasari RR, An K. Three-dimensional imaging of cavity vacuum with single atoms localized by a nanohole array. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3441. [PMID: 24603683 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zero-point electromagnetic fields were first introduced to explain the origin of atomic spontaneous emission. Vacuum fluctuations associated with the zero-point energy in cavities are now utilized in quantum devices such as single-photon sources, quantum memories, switches and network nodes. Here we present three-dimensional (3D) imaging of vacuum fluctuations in a high-Q cavity based on the measurement of position-dependent emission of single atoms. Atomic position localization is achieved by using a nanoscale atomic beam aperture scannable in front of the cavity mode. The 3D structure of the cavity vacuum is reconstructed from the cavity output. The root mean squared amplitude of the vacuum field at the antinode is also measured to be 0.92±0.07 V cm(-1). The present work utilizing a single atom as a probe for sub-wavelength imaging demonstrates the utility of nanometre-scale technology in cavity quantum electrodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonjoo Lee
- 1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea [2]
| | - Junki Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Wontaek Seo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Hyun-Gue Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Younghoon Song
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
| | - Ramachandra R Dasari
- G. R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kyungwon An
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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Hétet G, Slodička L, Hennrich M, Blatt R. Single atom as a mirror of an optical cavity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:133002. [PMID: 22026849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.133002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
By tightly focusing a laser field onto a single cold ion trapped in front of a far-distant dielectric mirror, we could observe a quantum electrodynamic effect whereby the ion behaves as the optical mirror of a Fabry-Pérot cavity. We show that the amplitude of the laser field is significantly altered due to a modification of the electromagnetic mode structure around the atom in a novel regime in which the laser intensity is already changed by the atom alone. We propose a direct application of this system as a quantum memory for single photons.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hétet
- Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Gordon G, Kurizki G. Preventing multipartite disentanglement by local modulations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 97:110503. [PMID: 17025871 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An entangled multipartite system coupled to a zero-temperature bath undergoes rapid disentanglement in many realistic scenarios due to local, symmetry-breaking differences in the particle-bath couplings. We show that locally controlled perturbations, addressing each particle individually, can impose a symmetry allowing the existence of decoherence-free multipartite entangled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gordon
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Steiner M, Schleifenbaum F, Stupperich C, Virgilio Failla A, Hartschuh A, Meixner AJ. Microcavity-Controlled Single-Molecule Fluorescence. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:2190-6. [PMID: 16178039 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present for the first time cavity-controlled fluorescence spectra and decay curves of single dipole emitters interacting at room temperature with the first longitudinal mode of a Fabry-Perot microcavity offering a lambda/2-spacing between its silver mirrors. The spontaneous emission rate of individual dye molecules was found to be enhanced by the Purcell effect by up to three times compared to the rate in free space, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Moreover, our new microcavity design was found to provide long-term stability and single-molecule sensitivity under ambient conditions for several months without noticeable reduction of the cavity-Q value. We consider this as a significant advance for single-photon sources operating at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Steiner
- University of Siegen, Center for Micro- and Nanochemistry, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
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Yoshie T, Scherer A, Hendrickson J, Khitrova G, Gibbs HM, Rupper G, Ell C, Shchekin OB, Deppe DG. Vacuum Rabi splitting with a single quantum dot in a photonic crystal nanocavity. Nature 2004; 432:200-3. [PMID: 15538363 DOI: 10.1038/nature03119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2004] [Accepted: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems allow the study of a variety of fundamental quantum-optics phenomena, such as entanglement, quantum decoherence and the quantum-classical boundary. Such systems also provide test beds for quantum information science. Nearly all strongly coupled cavity QED experiments have used a single atom in a high-quality-factor (high-Q) cavity. Here we report the experimental realization of a strongly coupled system in the solid state: a single quantum dot embedded in the spacer of a nanocavity, showing vacuum-field Rabi splitting exceeding the decoherence linewidths of both the nanocavity and the quantum dot. This requires a small-volume cavity and an atomic-like two-level system. The photonic crystal slab nanocavity--which traps photons when a defect is introduced inside the two-dimensional photonic bandgap by leaving out one or more holes--has both high Q and small modal volume V, as required for strong light-matter interactions. The quantum dot has two discrete energy levels with a transition dipole moment much larger than that of an atom, and it is fixed in the nanocavity during growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshie
- Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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