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Hu CL, Wang J, Hua TP, Liu AW, Sun YR, Hu SM. Comb-locked cavity-assisted double-resonance molecular spectroscopy based on diode lasers. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:073003. [PMID: 34340416 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between a molecule and two or more laser fields are of great interest in various studies, but weak and highly overlapping transitions hinder precision measurements. We present the method of comb-locked cavity-assisted double resonance spectroscopy based on narrow-linewidth continuous-wave lasers, which allows for state-selective pumping and probing of molecules. By locking two near-infrared diode lasers to one cavity with a finesse at the order of 105, we measured all three types of double resonances. Carbon monoxide molecules with selected speeds along the laser beam were excited to vibrationally excited states, and absorption spectra with sub-MHz linewidths were observed. Positions of double resonance transitions were determined with an accuracy of 3.7 kHz, which was verified by comparing to Lamb-dip measurements. The present work paves the way to the pump-probe study of highly excited molecules with unprecedented precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - J Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - T-P Hua
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - A-W Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y R Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - S-M Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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2
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Yu D, Wang H, Ma D, Zhao X, Qian J. Adiabatic and high-fidelity quantum gates with hybrid Rydberg-Rydberg interactions. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:23080-23094. [PMID: 31510590 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.023080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rydberg blockaded gate is a fundamental ingredient for scalable quantum computation with neutral Rydberg atoms. However the fidelity of such a gate is intrinsically limited by a blockade error coming from a Rydberg level shift that forbids its extensive use. Based on a dark-state adiabatic passage, we develop a novel protocol for realizing a two-atom blockade-error-free quantum gate in a hybrid system with simultaneous van der Waals (vdWsI) and resonant dipole-dipole interactions (DDI). The basic idea relies on converting the roles of two interactions, which is, the DDI serves as one time-dependent tunable pulse and the vdWsI acts as a negligible middle level shift, as long as the adiabatic condition is preserved. We adopt an optimized super-Gaussian optical pulse with kπ(k ≫ 1) area accompanied by a smooth tuning for the DDI, composing a circular stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, which can robustly ensure a faster operation time ∼ 80ns as well as a highly-efficient gate fidelity ∼ 0.9996. This theoretical protocol offers a flexible treatment for hybrid interactions in complex Rydberg systems, enabling on-demand design of new types of effective Rydberg quantum gate devices.
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3
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Dorier V, Gevorgyan M, Ishkhanyan A, Leroy C, Jauslin HR, Guérin S. Nonlinear Stimulated Raman Exact Passage by Resonance-Locked Inverse Engineering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:243902. [PMID: 29286714 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.243902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We derive an exact and robust stimulated Raman process for nonlinear quantum systems driven by pulsed external fields. The external fields are designed with closed-form expressions from the inverse engineering of a given efficient and stable dynamics. This technique allows one to induce a controlled population inversion which surpasses the usual nonlinear stimulated Raman adiabatic passage efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Dorier
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 6303, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - M Gevorgyan
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 6303, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
- Institute for Physical Research NAS of Armenia, 0203 Ashtarak-2, Armenia
| | - A Ishkhanyan
- Institute for Physical Research NAS of Armenia, 0203 Ashtarak-2, Armenia
- Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - C Leroy
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 6303, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - H R Jauslin
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 6303, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
| | - S Guérin
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 6303, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, BP 47870, 21078 Dijon, France
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4
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Yao YQ, Li J, Han W, Wang DS, Liu WM. Localized spatially nonlinear matter waves in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates with space-modulated nonlinearity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29566. [PMID: 27403634 PMCID: PMC4941720 DOI: 10.1038/srep29566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic nonlinearity is the most remarkable characteristic of the Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) systems. Many studies have been done on atomic BECs with time- and space- modulated nonlinearities, while there is few work considering the atomic-molecular BECs with space-modulated nonlinearities. Here, we obtain two kinds of Jacobi elliptic solutions and a family of rational solutions of the atomic-molecular BECs with trapping potential and space-modulated nonlinearity and consider the effect of three-body interaction on the localized matter wave solutions. The topological properties of the localized nonlinear matter wave for no coupling are analysed: the parity of nonlinear matter wave functions depends only on the principal quantum number n, and the numbers of the density packets for each quantum state depend on both the principal quantum number n and the secondary quantum number l. When the coupling is not zero, the localized nonlinear matter waves given by the rational function, their topological properties are independent of the principal quantum number n, only depend on the secondary quantum number l. The Raman detuning and the chemical potential can change the number and the shape of the density packets. The stability of the Jacobi elliptic solutions depends on the principal quantum number n, while the stability of the rational solutions depends on the chemical potential and Raman detuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Yao
- Department of Applied Mathematics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710600, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deng-Shan Wang
- School of Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu-Ming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Crystallized and amorphous vortices in rotating atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4224. [PMID: 24573303 PMCID: PMC3936233 DOI: 10.1038/srep04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vortex is a topological defect with a quantized winding number of the phase in superfluids and superconductors. Here, we investigate the crystallized (triangular, square, honeycomb) and amorphous vortices in rotating atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by using the damped projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The amorphous vortices are the result of the considerable deviation induced by the interaction of atomic-molecular vortices. By changing the atom-molecule interaction from attractive to repulsive, the configuration of vortices can change from an overlapped atomic-molecular vortices to carbon-dioxide-type ones, then to atomic vortices with interstitial molecular vortices, and finally into independent separated ones. The Raman detuning can tune the ratio of the atomic vortex to the molecular vortex. We provide a phase diagram of vortices in rotating atomic-molecular BECs as a function of Raman detuning and the strength of atom-molecule interaction.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane P. Koch
- Theoretische Physik, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40,
34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Moshe Shapiro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada V6T
1Z1, and Department of Chemical Physics, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel 76100
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Lahini Y, Pozzi F, Sorel M, Morandotti R, Christodoulides DN, Silberberg Y. Effect of nonlinearity on adiabatic evolution of light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:193901. [PMID: 19113268 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.193901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of nonlinearity in a system described by an adiabatically evolving Hamiltonian. Experiments are conducted in a three-core waveguide structure that is adiabatically varying with distance, in analogy to the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage process in atomic physics. In the linear regime, the system exhibits an adiabatic power transfer between two waveguides which are not directly coupled, with negligible power recorded in the intermediate coupling waveguide. In the presence of nonlinearity the adiabatic light passage is found to critically depend on the excitation power. We show how this effect is related to the destruction of the dark state formed in this configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lahini
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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8
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Feng Z, Li W, Xiao L, Jia S. The double dark resonance in a cold gas of Cs atoms and molecules. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:15870-15879. [PMID: 18825223 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.015870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically investigated the properties of the effective four-level stimulated Raman adiabatic passage scheme in a cold gas of Cs atoms and molecules, where exists the tunnelling coupling between two excited molecular states due to the 0(g)- (6S,6P(3/2)) double well structure. The double dark resonance is predicted in the absorption spectrum when the tunnelling coupling strength is large enough. The double dark resonance not only reveals the formation of the ultra-cold molecules, but also provides further evidence for the tunnelling as one effective coupling mechanism between the two excited molecular states. The effect of the various experimental conditions on this phenomena has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiFang Feng
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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9
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Jing H, Cheng J, Meystre P. Quantum noise in the collective abstraction reaction A + B2-->AB + B. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:073603. [PMID: 18764534 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.073603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically that the collective abstraction reaction A + B2-->AB + B can be realized efficiently with degenerate bosonic or fermionic matter waves. We show that this is dominated by quantum fluctuations, which are critical in triggering its initial stages with the appearance of macroscopic nonclassical correlations of the atomic and molecular fields as a result. This study opens up a promising new regime of quantum-degenerate matter-wave chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jing
- B2 Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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10
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Zhao C, Zou X, Pu H, Guo G. Atom-molecule dark state: the exact quantum solution. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:010401. [PMID: 18764091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.010401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Developments in ultracold atomic physics have enabled the generation of an atom-molecule dark state in dilute quantum gases. Previous studies of this dark state were all carried out in the mean-field regime. Here we present an exact quantum many-body wave function for the atom-molecule dark state for an ideal system (in the absence of losses and two-body collisions). Using this exact quantum wave function, we are able to validate the mean-field solution to be a good approximation when the particle number N is large. For small N, unique quantum features will become important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wolf MM. Not-so-normal mode decomposition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:070505. [PMID: 18352534 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.070505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We provide a generalization of the normal mode decomposition for nonsymmetric or locality constrained situations. This allows, for instance, to locally decouple a bipartitioned collection of arbitrarily correlated oscillators up to elementary pairs into which all correlations are condensed. Similarly, it enables us to decouple the interaction parts of multimode channels into single-mode and pair interactions where the latter are shown to be a clear signature of squeezing between system and environment. In mathematical terms the result is a canonical matrix form with respect to real symplectic equivalence transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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12
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Robertson A, Jiang L, Pu H, Zhang W, Ling HY. Macroscopic atom-molecule dark state and its collective excitations in fermionic systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:250404. [PMID: 18233502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.250404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We show that a robust macroscopic atom-molecule dark state can exist in fermionic systems, which represents a coherent superposition between the ground molecular Bose-Einstein condensates and the atomic BCS paired state. We take advantage of the tunability offered by external laser fields, and explore this superposition for demonstrating coherent oscillations between ground molecules and atom pairs. We interpret the oscillation frequencies in terms of the collective excitations of the dark state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Robertson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028-1700, USA
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13
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Jing H, Cheng J, Meystre P. Coherent atom-trimer conversion in a repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:133002. [PMID: 17930584 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.133002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We show that the use of a generalized atom-molecule dark state permits the enhanced coherent creation of triatomic molecules in a repulsive atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, with further enhancement being possible in the case of heteronuclear trimers via the constructive interference between two chemical reaction channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jing
- B2 Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Pu H, Maenner P, Zhang W, Ling HY. Adiabatic condition for nonlinear systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:050406. [PMID: 17358833 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.050406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The adiabatic approximation is an important concept in quantum mechanics. In linear systems, the adiabatic condition is derived with the help of the instantaneous eigenvalues and eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, a procedure that breaks down in the presence of nonlinearity. Using an explicit example relevant to photoassociation of atoms into diatomic molecules, we demonstrate that the proper way to derive the adiabatic condition for nonlinear mean-field (or classical) systems is through a linearization procedure, using which an analytic adiabatic condition is obtained for the nonlinear model under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Pu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251-1892, USA
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15
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Winkler K, Thalhammer G, Theis M, Ritsch H, Grimm R, Denschlag JH. Atom-molecule dark states in a Bose-Einstein condensate. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:063202. [PMID: 16090949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.063202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We have created a dark quantum superposition state of a Rb Bose-Einstein condensate and a degenerate gas of Rb2 ground-state molecules in a specific rovibrational state using two-color photo-association. As a signature for the decoupling of this coherent atom-molecule gas from the light field, we observe a striking suppression of photo-association loss. In our experiment the maximal molecule population in the dark state is limited to about 100 Rb2 molecules due to laser induced decay. The experimental findings can be well described by a simple three mode model.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Winkler
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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