1
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Kirschbaum T, Wang X, Bande A. Ground and excited state charge transfer at aqueous nanodiamonds. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:710-718. [PMID: 38109424 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are unique carbonaceous materials with exceptionally high stability, hardness, and notable electronic properties. Their applications in photocatalysis, biomedicine, and energy materials are usually carried out in aqueous environments, where they interact with aqueous adsorbates. Especially, electron density may rearrange from the diamond material toward oxidative adsorbates such as oxygen, which is known as charge transfer doping. In this article, we quantify the charge transfer doping for NDs with inhomogeneous surface coverings (hydroxyl, fluorine, and amorphous carbon), as well as NDs doped with heteroatoms (B, Si, N) using hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The transfer doping magnitude is largely determined by the NDs' highest occupied molecular orbital energies, which can in turn be modified by the surface covering and doping. However, local modifications of the ND structures do not have any local effects on the magnitude of the charge transfer. We furthermore analyze the impact of aqueous adsorbates on the excited states of an aqueous ND in the context of photocatalysis via time-dependent DFT. Here, we find that the excited electrons are biased to move in the direction of the respective oxidative adsorbate. Surprisingly, we find that also unreactive species such as nitrous oxide may attract the excited electrons, which is probably due to the positive partial charge that is induced by the local N2 O solvation geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorren Kirschbaum
- Theory of Electron Dynamics and Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiangfei Wang
- Theory of Electron Dynamics and Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Bande
- Theory of Electron Dynamics and Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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2
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Wang X, Krause P, Kirschbaum T, Palczynski K, Dzubiella J, Bande A. Photo-excited charge transfer from adamantane to electronic bound states in water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8158-8176. [PMID: 38380443 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04602h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous nanodiamonds illuminated by UV light produce free solvated electrons, which may drive high-energy reduction reactions in water. However, the influence of water conformations on the excited-state electron-transfer mechanism are still under debate. In this work, we offer a theoretical study of charge-transfer states in adamantane-water structures obtained by linear-response time-dependent density-functional theory. Small water clusters with broken hydrogen bonds are found to efficiently bind the electron from adamantane. A distinction is made with respect to the nature of the water clusters: some bind the electron in a water cavity, others along a strong permanent total dipole. These two types of bound states are more strongly binding, the higher their electron affinity and their positive electrostatic potential, the latter being dominated by the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the isolated water clusters. Structural sampling in a thermal equilibrium at room temperature via molecular dynamics snapshots confirms under which conditions the underlying waters clusters can occur and verifies that broken hydrogen bonds in the water network close to adamantane can create traps for the solvated electron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Wang
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Krause
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thorren Kirschbaum
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Mathematics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karol Palczynski
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Applied Theoretical Physics - Computational Physics, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Annika Bande
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstr. 9, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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3
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Fokin AA, Reshetylova OK, Bakhonsky VV, Pashenko AE, Kivernik A, Zhuk TS, Becker J, Dahl JEP, Carlson RMK, Schreiner PR. Synthetic Doping of Diamondoids through Skeletal Editing. Org Lett 2022; 24:4845-4849. [PMID: 35559604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a strategy for the skeletal editing of diamondoid structures to selectively displace methylene for heteroatom moieties in the carbon framework. This constitutes a synthetic approach to doping diamond-like structures with electron donor dopants (O, N, and S). The key steps involve two subsequent retro-Barbier fragmentations followed by cage reconstruction in the presence of a dopant. Remarkably, the incorporation of n-dopants reduces the strain of the diamondoid cage as shown through homodesmotic equations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Fokin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany and Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Olga K Reshetylova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav V Bakhonsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany and Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander E Pashenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Alena Kivernik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Tatyana S Zhuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jeremy E P Dahl
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert M K Carlson
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany and Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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4
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Kirschbaum T, Petit T, Dzubiella J, Bande A. Effects of oxidative adsorbates and cluster formation on the electronic structure of nanodiamonds. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:923-929. [PMID: 35322429 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are modern high-potential materials relevant for applications in biomedicine, photocatalysis, and various other fields. Their electronic surface properties, especially in the liquid phase, are key to their function in the applications, but we show that they are sensitively modified by their interactions with the environment. Two important interaction modes are those with oxidative aqueous adsorbates as well as ND self-aggregation towards the formation of ND clusters. For planar diamond surfaces it is known that the electron density migrates from the diamond towards oxidative adsorbates, which is known as transfer doping. Here, we quantify this effect for highly curved NDs of varying sizes (35-147 C atoms) and surface terminations (H, OH, F), focusing on their interactions with the most abundant aqueous oxidative adsorbates (H3 O+ , O2 , O3 ). We prove that the concept of transfer doping stays valid for the case of the high-curvature NDs and can be tuned via the ND's specific properties. Secondly, we investigate the electronic structures of clusters of NDs which are known to form in particular in aqueous dispersions. Upon cluster formation, we find that the optical gaps of the structures are significantly reduced, which explains why different experimental values were obtained for the optical gap of the same structures, and the cluster's LUMO shapes resemble atom-type orbitals, as in the case of isolated spherical NDs. Our findings have implications for ND applications as photocatalysts or electronic devices, where the specific electronic properties are key to the functionality of the ND material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorren Kirschbaum
- Simulation of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany.,Artificial Intelligence for the Sciences, FB Mathematik und Informatik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tristan Petit
- Nanoscale Solid-Liquid Interfaces, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Simulation of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany.,Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg GmbH, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annika Bande
- Theory of Electron Dynamics and Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Zhang C, Dai D, Zhao G, Lu W, Fan J. Origin of proton induced fluorescence quenching of colloidal carbon dots: reshaping of Schrödinger wavefunctions and huge red shift of transition energy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:205503. [PMID: 35108697 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac512b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence quenching by protons is a universal phenomenon but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we take the fluorescent amide-terminated carbon dots as a prototype to study the proton fluorescence quenching mechanism by using both experiments and time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The study reveals that when an approached proton is captured by the weakly negatively charged fluorophore group of the colloidal carbon dot, it will substantially change the electron wavefunctions owing to the strong proton-electron interaction, and this leads to highly diminished energy gap and resultant fluorescence quenching in the visible spectral region. The protons generated by hydrolysis of various types of metal ions also exhibit fruitful fluorescence quenching and the quenching efficiency is roughly proportional to the hydrolysis constant of the metal ion. This fluorescence quenching mechanism is quite distinct from the conventional ones involving electron or energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Zhang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejian Dai
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Zhao
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyang Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People's Republic of China
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6
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Boyer A, Hervé M, Scognamiglio A, Loriot V, Lépine F. Time-resolved relaxation and cage opening in diamondoids following XUV ultrafast ionization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27477-27483. [PMID: 34870657 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unraveling ultrafast processes induced by energetic radiation is compulsory to understand the evolution of molecules under extreme excitation conditions. To describe these photo-induced processes, one needs to perform time-resolved experiments to follow in real time the dynamics induced by the absorption of light. Recent experiments have demonstrated that ultrafast dynamics on few tens of femtoseconds are expected in such situations and a very challenging task is to identify the role played by electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom, charge, energy flows and structural rearrangements. Here, we performed time-resolved XUV-IR experiments on diamondoids carbon cages, in order to decipher the processes following XUV ionization. We show that the dynamics is driven by two timescales, the first one is associated to electronic relaxation and the second one is identified as the redistribution of vibrational energy along the accessible modes, prior to the cage opening that is involved in all fragmentation mechanisms in this family of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexie Boyer
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Marius Hervé
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Audrey Scognamiglio
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Vincent Loriot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Franck Lépine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
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7
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Hossain M, De J, Bhattacharjee J. Hybrid Atomic Orbital Basis from First Principles: Bottom-Up Mapping of Self-Energy Correction to Large Covalent Systems. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6805-6817. [PMID: 34324816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Construction of hybrid atomic orbitals is proposed as the approximate common eigenstates of finite first moment matrices. Their hybridization and orientation can be a priori tuned as per their anticipated neighborhood. Their Wannier function counterparts constructed from the Kohn-Sham (KS) single particle states constitute an orthonormal multiorbital tight binding (TB) basis resembling hybrid atomic orbitals locked to their immediate atomic neighborhood, while spanning the subspace of KS states. The proposed basis thus renders predominantly single TB parameters from first principles for each nearest neighbor bond involving no more than two orbitals irrespective of their orientation and also facilitates an easy route for the transfer of such TB parameters across isostructural systems exclusively through mapping of neighborhoods and projection of orbital charge centers. With hybridized 2s, 2p and 3s, 3p valence electrons, the spatial extent of the self-energy correction (SEC) to TB parameters in the proposed basis is found to be localized mostly within the third nearest neighborhood, thus allowing effective transfer of self-energy-corrected TB parameters from smaller reference systems to much larger target systems, with nominal additional computational cost beyond that required for explicit computation of SEC in the reference systems. The proposed approach promises inexpensive estimation of the quasi-particle structures of large covalent systems with workable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoar Hossain
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhaba National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Joydev De
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhaba National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Joydeep Bhattacharjee
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhaba National Institute, Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
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8
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Bond order effects on the optoelectronic properties of oxygen/sulfur functionalized adamantanes. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 105:107869. [PMID: 33667864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work, is to study adamantanes and to tune their bandgap, since pure adamantane is considered as an insulator due to its high bandgap energy. For this, we doped adamantane with oxygen and sulfur atoms, thus obtaining 730 different structures with double bonds and 730 different structures with single bonds, for a total of 1460 structures, and compared their properties. Among all, 31 molecules were selected that best represented the reduced bandgap behavior. The calculations with greater precision in its results were made using the Local Density Approximation (LDA), in the Density-Functional Theory (DFT) formalism, with PWC functional and TNP basis set. The electronic and optical properties were analyzed, by calculating the energy gap and absorption spectrum. Importantly, we observed that molecules doped with sulfur atoms (double bonds) had their energy gap reduced significantly compared to molecules doped with sulfur and/or oxygen atom with single bonds and pristine adamantane. It was found that in the absorption spectrum, the sulfur-doped structures had their spectrum shifted to the visible region, a fact that becomes relevant for potential dyes and optoelectronic applications. From the seven selected functionalized adamantanes (ADD-04, ADD-05, ADD-07, ADD-19, ADD-20, ADD-41, and ADD-48), any of these could be used as a dye. However, the ADD-20 molecule in particular, which presented optical absorption near (RGB) primary colors, could indicate a potential quantum dot material for application in developing screens of various electronic devices.
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9
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Li J, Niesner D, Fauster T. Negative electron affinity of adamantane on Cu(111). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:135001. [PMID: 33412528 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd99a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectron spectroscopy is used to show that thick adamantane films on Cu(111) have a negative electron affinity of -0.3 ± 0.1 eV. The ionization potential is obtained as 8.55 ± 0.15 eV resulting in a band gap of 8.9 ± 0.1 eV. For films of about 1.4 monolayer thickness the electron affinity is close to zero and the valence bands are shifted toward the Fermi energy due to charge transfer from Cu 3d bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieru Li
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Niesner
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Fauster
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperphysik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstraße 7, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Douda J, González-Vargas CR, Mota-Díaz II, Basiuk EV, Hernández-Contreras XA, Fuentes-García JA, Bornacelli J, Torres-Torres C. Photoluminescent properties of liposome-encapsulated amine-functionalized nanodiamonds. NANO EXPRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/abc1c5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the present work, amine-functionalized nanodiamonds (NDs) have been encapsulated in liposomes and studied in order to observe the modification of their photoluminescence properties. NDs were functionalized with aromatic amines such as 1-aminopyrene and 2-aminofluorene, and the aliphatic amine 1-octadecylamine. Morphology, structural and optical properties of NDs and amine-modified NDs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence. The amine-functionalized NDs were successfully encapsulated in lecithin liposomes prepared by the green and conventional methods. The obtained results show significant changes in photoluminescent properties of functionalized NDs, and were more potentialized after liposome encapsulation. Our findings could be applied in the development of new kinds of water-dispersible fluorescent hybrids, liposome-NDs, with the capability of drug encapsulation for use in diagnostics and therapy (theragnostic liposomes). All-optical sensors with possibilities for tailoring their response for other biomedical applications can be also contemplated.
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Dash M, Feldt J, Moroni S, Scemama A, Filippi C. Excited States with Selected Configuration Interaction-Quantum Monte Carlo: Chemically Accurate Excitation Energies and Geometries. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:4896-4906. [PMID: 31348645 PMCID: PMC6740157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We employ quantum Monte Carlo to obtain chemically accurate vertical and adiabatic excitation energies, and equilibrium excited-state structures for the small, yet challenging, formaldehyde and thioformaldehyde molecules. A key ingredient is a robust protocol to obtain balanced ground- and excited-state Jastrow-Slater wave functions at a given geometry, and to maintain such a balanced description as we relax the structure in the excited state. We use determinantal components generated via a selected configuration interaction scheme which targets the same second-order perturbation energy correction for all states of interest at different geometries, and fully optimize all variational parameters in the resultant Jastrow-Slater wave functions. Importantly, the excitation energies as well as the structural parameters in the ground and excited states are converged with very compact wave functions comprising few thousand determinants in a minimally augmented double-ζ basis set. These results are obtained already at the variational Monte Carlo level, the more accurate diffusion Monte Carlo method yielding only a small improvement in the adiabatic excitation energies. We find that matching Jastrow-Slater wave functions with similar variances can yield excitation energies compatible with our best estimates; however, the variance-matching procedure requires somewhat larger determinantal expansions to achieve the same accuracy, and it is less straightforward to adapt during structural optimization in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dash
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Feldt
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Saverio Moroni
- CNR-IOM DEMOCRITOS , Istituto Officina dei Materiali and SISSA Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati , Via Bonomea 265 , I-34136 Trieste , Italy
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques , Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - Claudia Filippi
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede , The Netherlands
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12
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Fotooh FK, Atashparvar M. Theoretical Study of the Effect of Simultaneous Doping with Silicon, on Structure and Electronic Properties of Adamantane. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793119010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Krongsuk S, Shinsuphan N, Amornkitbumrung V. Effect of the alkali metal (Li, Na, K) substitution on the geometric, electronic and optical properties of the smallest diamondoid: First principles calculations. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Begam Elavarasi S, Deepa Mariam, Ummal Momeen M, Hu J, Guin M. Effect of fluorination on bandgap, first and second order hyperpolarizabilities in lithium substituted adamantane: A time dependent density functional theory. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Jäger M, Shayeghi A, Klippenstein V, Johnston RL, Schäfer R. Chemical bonding in initial building blocks of semiconductors: Geometrical structures and optical absorption spectra of isolated CdSe2+ and Cd2Se2+ species. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:244308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5066414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jäger
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institut, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Armin Shayeghi
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institut, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktor Klippenstein
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institut, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Roy L. Johnston
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Rolf Schäfer
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institut, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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16
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Karki P, Loh YL. Quantum vortex melting and superconductor insulator transition in a 2D Josephson junction array in a perpendicular magnetic field via diffusion Monte Carlo. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:385901. [PMID: 30117436 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aadafb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we simulated a quantum rotor model describing a Josephson junction array (JJA) in the phase representation at zero temperature in a perpendicular magnetic field [Formula: see text] (in units of [Formula: see text]) on a [Formula: see text] square lattice with spacing a for [Formula: see text]. The superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) is tuned by the ratio of charging energy to Josephson coupling, U/J. Abrupt drops in the magnetization values were observed in the bigger lattices at certain values of B and U/J caused by the formation of vortices. Increasing U/J at a fixed B field causes quantum vortex melting. The magnetization drops to zero around [Formula: see text] indicating SIT. For B = 0.1 the SIT occurs without an intermediate vortex state and the magnetization scales as [Formula: see text], whereas for B = 0.4 the scaling is [Formula: see text] during the vortex melting. For B between 0.1 and 0.4 the scaling is not clear. We used the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method with a guiding wavefunction optimized using the variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method. The ground state energy is calculated easily in DMC and its error estimates were generally smaller than [Formula: see text], both with and without the guiding wavefunction. Quantities like magnetization and vorticity that do not commute with the Hamiltonian were calculated using an efficient forward walking algorithm. Their estimates are affected severely in absence of the guiding wavefunction. With the guiding wavefunction, errors for the magnetization were generally less than [Formula: see text] and going up to [Formula: see text] percent around the phase transition from the Meissner to the vortex state, and without the guiding wavefunction errors were generally higher than [Formula: see text] and going up to [Formula: see text] around the critical point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragalv Karki
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, United States of America
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17
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Sarap CS, Adhikari B, Meng S, Uhlig F, Fyta M. Optical Properties of Single- and Double-Functionalized Small Diamondoids. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3583-3593. [PMID: 29488764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rational control of the electronic and optical properties of small functionalized diamond-like molecules, the diamondoids, is the focus of this work. Specifically, we investigate the single- and double- functionalization of the lower diamondoids, adamantane, diamantane, and triamantane with -NH2 and -SH groups and extend the study to N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) functionalization. On the basis of electronic structure calculations, we predict a significant change in the optical properties of these functionalized diamondoids. Our computations reveal that -NH2 functionalized diamondoids show UV photoluminescence similar to ideal diamondoids while -SH substituted diamondoids hinder the UV photoluminescence due to the labile nature of the S-H bond in the first excited state. This study also unveils that the UV photoluminescence nature of -NH2 diamondoids is quenched upon additional functionalization with the -SH group. The double-functionalized derivative can, thus, serve as a sensitive probe for biomolecule binding and sensing environmental changes. The preserved intrinsic properties of the NHC and the ideal diamondoid in NHC-functionalized-diamondoids suggests its utilization in diamondoid-based self-assembled monolayers (SAM), whose UV-photoluminescent signal would be determined entirely by the functionalized diamondoids. Our study aims to pave the path for tuning the properties of diamondoids through a selective choice of the type and number of functional groups. This will aid the realization of optoelectronic devices involving, for example, large-area SAM layers or diamondoid-functionalized electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekar Sarap
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Bibek Adhikari
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Sheng Meng
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zhongguancun , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Maria Fyta
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
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18
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Garcia-Gutierrez D, Hernandez-Casillas LP, Cappellari MV, Fungo F, Martínez-Guerra E, García-Gutiérrez DI. Influence of the Capping Ligand on the Band Gap and Electronic Levels of PbS Nanoparticles through Surface Atomistic Arrangement Determination. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:393-405. [PMID: 31457900 PMCID: PMC6641336 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical methods with different sizes and different capping ligands (oleic acid, myristic acid, and hexanoic acid), avoiding ligand exchange procedures, to study the effect of characteristics of the capping ligands on their energy levels and band gap values. Experimental results (UV-vis-NIR, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry, transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy) showed a marked influence of the capping ligand nature on the electro-optical properties of PbS nanoparticles with a very similar size. Differences were observed in the atomistic arrangement on the nanoparticle surface and phonon vibrations with the different capping ligands. These observations suggest that the electro-optical properties of PbS nanoparticles are not only determined by their size, through quantum confinement effects, but also strongly affected by the atomistic arrangement on the nanoparticle surface, which is determined by the capping ligand nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana
Fabiola Garcia-Gutierrez
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,
FIME and Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, FCFM, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, C.P. 66450 Nuevo León, Mexico
- Centro
de Innovación, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería
y Tecnología, CIIDIT, Universidad
Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Km. 10 de la nueva carretera al Aeropuerto Internacional
de Monterrey, PIIT Monterrey, Apodaca, C.P. 66600 Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Laura Patricia Hernandez-Casillas
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,
FIME and Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, FCFM, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, C.P. 66450 Nuevo León, Mexico
- Centro
de Innovación, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería
y Tecnología, CIIDIT, Universidad
Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Km. 10 de la nueva carretera al Aeropuerto Internacional
de Monterrey, PIIT Monterrey, Apodaca, C.P. 66600 Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Maria Victoria Cappellari
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Rio Cuarto, UNRC. CONICET, RN36
601, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando Fungo
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional
de Rio Cuarto, UNRC. CONICET, RN36
601, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Edgar Martínez-Guerra
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,
FIME and Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, FCFM, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, C.P. 66450 Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Domingo Ixcoatl García-Gutiérrez
- Facultad
de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica,
FIME and Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, FCFM, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, C.P. 66450 Nuevo León, Mexico
- Centro
de Innovación, Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería
y Tecnología, CIIDIT, Universidad
Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Km. 10 de la nueva carretera al Aeropuerto Internacional
de Monterrey, PIIT Monterrey, Apodaca, C.P. 66600 Nuevo León, Mexico
- E-mail: . Phone: +52 (81) 1340-4000 ext. 1525 (D.I.G.-G.)
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19
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Wang YT, Zhao YJ, Liao JH, Yang XB. Theoretical investigations on diamondoids (C nH m, n = 10-41): Nomenclature, structural stabilities, and gap distributions. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:014306. [PMID: 29306287 DOI: 10.1063/1.5004437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining the congruence check and the first-principles calculations, we have systematically investigated the structural stabilities and gap distributions of possible diamondoids (CnHm) with the carbon numbers (n) from 10 to 41. A simple method for the nomenclature is proposed, which can be used to distinguish and screen the candidates with high efficiency. Different from previous theoretical studies, the possible diamondoids can be enumerated according to our nomenclature, without any pre-determination from experiments. The structural stabilities and electronic properties have been studied by density functional based tight binding and first-principles methods, where a nearly linear correlation is found between the energy gaps obtained by these two methods. According to the formation energy of structures, we have determined the stable configurations as a function of chemical potential. The maximum and minimum energy gaps are found to be dominated by the shape of diamondoids for clusters with a given number of carbon atoms, while the gap decreases in general as the size increases due to the quantum confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hai Liao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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20
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Gao W, Hung L, Ogut S, Chelikowsky JR. The stability, electronic structure, and optical absorption of boron-nitride diamondoids predicted with first-principles calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19188-19194. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The stability, electronic structure, and optical properties of six boron-nitride diamondoids are systematically studied with state-of-the-art computational methods and compared with diamondoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Hung
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Serdar Ogut
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
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21
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Rander T, Bischoff T, Knecht A, Wolter D, Richter R, Merli A, Möller T. Electronic and Optical Properties of Methylated Adamantanes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11132-11137. [PMID: 28737388 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent theoretical work has identified functionalized diamondoids as promising candidates for the tailoring of fluorescent nanomaterials. However, experiments confirming that optical gap tuning can be achieved through functionalization have, up until now, found only systems where fluorescence is quenched. We address this shortcoming by investigating a series of methylated adamantanes. For the first time, a class of functionalized diamondoids is shown to fluoresce in the gas phase. In order to understand the evolution of the optical and electronic structure properties with degree of functionalization, photoelectron spectroscopy was used to map the occupied valence electronic structure, while absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies yielded information about the unoccupied electronic structure and postexcitation relaxation behavior. The resulting spectra were modeled by (time-dependent) density functional theory. These results show that it is possible to overcome fluorescence quenching when functionalizing diamondoids and represent a significant step toward tailoring the electronic structure of these and other semiconductor particles in a manner suitable to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Rander
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischoff
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Knecht
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Wolter
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Richter
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Merli
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Möller
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Beake EOR, Tucker MG, Dove MT, Phillips AE. Orientational Disorder in Adamantane and Adamantanecarboxylic Acid. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:459-464. [PMID: 28000340 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The molecular crystals adamantane, C10 H16 , and adamantanecarboxylic acid, C10 H15 COOH, undergo order-disorder phase transitions at 208 and 250 K, respectively. Reverse Monte Carlo refinement of total neutron scattering data collected from deuterated samples immediately above these phase transitions shows that the high-temperature phases are well described by models in which the adamantyl groups are disordered over two sites. No correlation between the orientations of neighbouring molecules is observed. These results demonstrate that the intermolecular potential energy of these materials depends strongly on the orientation of the reference molecule but only very weakly on the orientations of its neighbours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O R Beake
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Matthew G Tucker
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK.,Current address: Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Martin T Dove
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Anthony E Phillips
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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23
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Teunissen JL, De Proft F, De Vleeschouwer F. Tuning the HOMO-LUMO Energy Gap of Small Diamondoids Using Inverse Molecular Design. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:1351-1365. [PMID: 28218844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized diamondoids show great potential as building blocks for various new optoelectronic applications. However, until now, only simple mono and double substitutions were investigated. In this work, we considered up to 10 and 6 sites for functionalization of the two smallest diamondoids, adamantane and diamantane, respectively, in search for diamondoid derivatives with a minimal and maximal HOMO-LUMO energy gap. To this end, the energy gap was optimized systematically using an inverse molecular design methodology based on the best-first search algorithm combined with a Monte Carlo component to escape local optima. Adamantane derivatives were found with HOMO-LUMO gaps ranging from 2.42 to 10.63 eV, with 9.45 eV being the energy gap of pure adamantane. For diamantane, similar values were obtained. The structures with the lowest HOMO-LUMO gaps showed apparent push-pull character. The push character is mainly formed by sulfur or nitrogen dopants and thiol groups, whereas the pull character is predominantly determined by the presence of electron-withdrawing nitro or carbonyl groups assisted by amino and hydroxyl groups via the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. In contrast, maximal HOMO-LUMO gaps were obtained by introducing numerous electronegative groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos L Teunissen
- Research Group of General Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank De Proft
- Research Group of General Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Freija De Vleeschouwer
- Research Group of General Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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24
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Adhikari B, Sivaraman G, Fyta M. Diamondoid-based molecular junctions: a computational study. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:485207. [PMID: 27819796 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/48/485207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we deal with the computational investigation of diamondoid-based molecular conductance junctions and their electronic transport properties. A small diamondoid is placed between the two gold electrodes of the nanogap and is covalently bonded to the gold electrodes through two different molecules, a thiol group and a N-heterocyclic carbene molecule. We have shown that the thiol linker is more efficient as it introduces additional electron paths for transport at lower energies. The influence of doping the diamondoid on the properties of the molecular junctions has been investigated. We find that using a nitrogen atom to dope the diamondoids leads to a considerable increase of the zero bias conductance. For the N-doped system we show an asymmetric feature of the I-V curve of the junctions resulting in rectification within a very small range of bias voltages. The rectifying nature is the result of the characteristic shift in the bias-dependent highest occupied molecular orbital state. In all cases, the efficiency of the device is manifested and is discussed in view of novel nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Adhikari
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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25
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Ab initio vibrational and thermodynamic properties of adamantane, sila-adamantane (Si10H16), and C9Si1H16 isomers. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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27
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Adhikari B, Meng S, Fyta M. Carbene-mediated self-assembly of diamondoids on metal surfaces. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8966-8975. [PMID: 27074198 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08709k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC)s are emerging as an alternative class of molecules to thiol-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), making carbene-based SAMs much more stable under harsh environmental conditions. In this work, we have functionalized tiny diamondoids using NHCs in order to prepare highly stable carbene-mediated diamondoid SAMs on metal substrates. Using quantum-mechanical simulations and two different configurations for the carbene-functionalized diamondoids attached on gold, silver, and platinum surfaces we were able to study in detail these materials. Specifically, we focus on the binding characteristics, stability, and adsorption of the NHC-mediated diamondoid SAMs on the metal surfaces. A preferential binding to platinum surfaces was found, while a modulation of the work function in all cases was clear. The surface morphology of all NHC-based diamondoid SAMs was revealed through simulated STM images, which show characteristic features for each surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Adhikari
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Sheng Meng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Maria Fyta
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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28
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Electron-vibration coupling induced renormalization in the photoemission spectrum of diamondoids. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11327. [PMID: 27103340 PMCID: PMC4844694 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of theories and methods devoted to the accurate calculation of the electronic quasi-particle states and levels of molecules, clusters and solids is of prime importance to interpret the experimental data. These quantum systems are often modelled by using the Born–Oppenheimer approximation where the coupling between the electrons and vibrational modes is not fully taken into account, and the electrons are treated as pure quasi-particles. Here, we show that in small diamond cages, called diamondoids, the electron–vibration coupling leads to the breakdown of the electron quasi-particle picture. More importantly, we demonstrate that the strong electron–vibration coupling is essential to properly describe the overall lineshape of the experimental photoemission spectrum. This cannot be obtained by methods within Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Moreover, we deduce a link between the vibronic states found by our many-body perturbation theory approach and the well-known Jahn–Teller effect. The electron–vibration coupling is essential to describe the photoelectron properties of molecules. Here, the authors show theoretically and experimentally that the electron–vibration coupling is very large in diamonoids, and link the deduced vibronic states to the well-known Jahn–Teller effect.
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29
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Mostaani E, Monserrat B, Drummond ND, Lambert CJ. Quasiparticle and excitonic gaps of one-dimensional carbon chains. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:14810-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07891a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The charge density of a one-dimensional sp-bonded chain composed of 26 carbon atoms terminated by H with alternating single and triple bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Mostaani
- Department of Physics
- Lancaster University
- Lancaster LA1 4YB
- UK
| | - B. Monserrat
- TCM Group
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB3 0HE
- UK
| | - N. D. Drummond
- Department of Physics
- Lancaster University
- Lancaster LA1 4YB
- UK
| | - C. J. Lambert
- Department of Physics
- Lancaster University
- Lancaster LA1 4YB
- UK
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30
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Engel EA, Monserrat B, Needs RJ. Vibrational renormalisation of the electronic band gap in hexagonal and cubic ice. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:244708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4938029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar A. Engel
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Bartomeu Monserrat
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA
| | - Richard J. Needs
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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31
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Cho D, Ikabata Y, Yoshikawa T, Lee JY, Nakai H. Theoretical Study of Extremely Long yet Stable Carbon–Carbon Bonds: Effect of Attractive C···H Interactions and Small Radical Stabilization of Diamondoids. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daeheum Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University
| | - Yasuhiro Ikabata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
| | - Takeshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University
| | - Hiromi Nakai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University
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32
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Li Y, Lu D, Galli G. Calculation of Quasi-Particle Energies of Aromatic Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111). J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 5:881-6. [PMID: 26609596 DOI: 10.1021/ct800465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present many-body perturbation theory calculations of the electronic properties of phenylene diisocyanide self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on a gold surface. Using structural models obtained within density functional theory (DFT), we have investigated how the SAM molecular energies are modified by self-energy corrections and how they are affected by the presence of the surface. We have employed a combination of GW (G = Green's function; W = screened Coulomb interaction) calculations of the SAM quasi-particle energies and a semiclassical image potential model to account for surface polarization effects. We find that it is essential to include both quasi-particle corrections and surface screening in order to provide a reasonable estimate of the energy level alignment at a SAM-metal interface. In particular, our results show that within the GW approximation the energy distance between phenylene diisocyanide SAM energy levels and the gold surface Fermi level is much larger than that found within DFT, e.g., more than double in the case of low packing densities of the SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Deyu Lu
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Giulia Galli
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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33
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Zhuk TS, Koso T, Pashenko AE, Hoc NT, Rodionov VN, Serafin M, Schreiner PR, Fokin AA. Toward an Understanding of Diamond sp2-Defects with Unsaturated Diamondoid Oligomer Models. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6577-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana S. Zhuk
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Tatyana Koso
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander E. Pashenko
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Ngo Trung Hoc
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir N. Rodionov
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Michael Serafin
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Fokin
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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34
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Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Shi G, Yang J, Zhang J, Li W, Li A, Tai R, Fang H, Fan C, Huang Q. Nanodiamonds act as Trojan horse for intracellular delivery of metal ions to trigger cytotoxicity. Part Fibre Toxicol 2015; 12:2. [PMID: 25651858 PMCID: PMC4374301 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-014-0075-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomaterials hold great promise for applications in the delivery of various molecules with poor cell penetration, yet its potential for delivery of metal ions is rarely considered. Particularly, there is limited insight about the cytotoxicity triggered by nanoparticle-ion interactions. Oxidative stress is one of the major toxicological mechanisms for nanomaterials, and we propose that it may also contribute to nanoparticle-ion complexes induced cytotoxicity. Methods To explore the potential of nanodiamonds (NDs) as vehicles for metal ion delivery, we used a broad range of experimental techniques that aimed at getting a comprehensive assessment of cell responses after exposure of NDs, metal ions, or ND-ion mixture: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Trypan blue exclusion text, optical microscope observation, synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and micro X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) microscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation. In addition, theoretical calculation and molecular dynamics (MD) computation were used to illustrate the adsorption properties of different metal ion on NDs as well as release profile of ion from ND-ion complexes at different pH values. Results The adsorption capacity of NDs for different metal ions was different, and the adsorption for Cu2+ was the most strong among divalent metal ions. These different ND-ion complexes then had different cytotoxicity by influencing the subsequent cellular responses. Detailed investigation of ND-Cu2+ interaction showed that the amount of released Cu2+ from ND-Cu2+ complexes at acidic lysosomal conditions was much higher than that at neutral conditions, leading to the elevation of intracellular ROS level, which triggered cytotoxicity. By theoretical approaches, we demonstrated that the functional carbon surface and cluster structures of NDs made them good vehicles for metal ions delivery. Conclusions NDs played the Trojan horse role by allowing large amounts of metal ions accumulate into living cells followed by subsequent release of ions in the interior of cells, which then led to cytotoxicity. The present experimental and theoretical results provide useful insight into understanding of cytotoxicity triggered by nanoparticle-ion interactions, and open new ways in the interpretation of nanotoxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12989-014-0075-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China. .,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Jinrong Yang
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Jichao Zhang
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Wenxin Li
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Aiguo Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Renzhong Tai
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Haiping Fang
- Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Chunhai Fan
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Qing Huang
- Division of Physical Biology, and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.
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Adhikari B, Fyta M. Towards double-functionalized small diamondoids: selective electronic band-gap tuning. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:035701. [PMID: 25549002 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/3/035701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diamondoids are nanoscale diamond-like cage structures with hydrogen terminations, which can occur in various sizes and with a diverse type of modifications. In this work, we focus on the structural alterations and the effect of doping and functionalization on the electronic properties of diamondoids, from the smallest adamantane to heptamantane. The results are based on quantum mechanical calculations. We perform a self-consistent study, starting with doping the smallest diamondoid, adamantane. Boron, nitrogen, silicon, oxygen, and phosphorus are chosen as dopants at sites which have been previously optimized and are also consistent with the literature. At a next step, an amine- and a thiol- group are separately used to functionalize the adamantane molecule. We mainly focus on a double functionalization of diamondoids up to heptamantane using both these atomic groups. The effect of isomeration in the case of tetramantane is also studied. We discuss the higher efficiency of a double-functionalization compared to doping or a single-functionalization of diamondoids in tuning the electronic properties, such as the electronic band-gap, of modified small diamondoids in view of their novel nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Adhikari
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Richter R, Röhr MIS, Zimmermann T, Petersen J, Heidrich C, Rahner R, Möller T, Dahl JE, Carlson RMK, Mitric R, Rander T, Merli A. Laser-induced fluorescence of free diamondoid molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:4739-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the laser-induced fluorescence of diamondoids in the gas phase. The spectra show well defined vibrational structure, whose complex nature is assigned with the help of TDDFT computations.
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Clay WA, Dahl JEP, Carlson RMK, Melosh NA, Shen ZX. Physical properties of materials derived from diamondoid molecules. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2015; 78:016501. [PMID: 25551840 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/78/1/016501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diamondoids are small hydrocarbon molecules which have the same rigid cage structure as bulk diamond. They can be considered the smallest nanoparticles of diamond. They exhibit a mixture of properties inherited from bulk cubic diamond as well as a number of unique properties related to their size and structure. Diamondoids with different sizes and shapes can be separated and purified, enabling detailed studies of the effects of size and structure on the diamondoids' properties and also allowing the creation of chemically functionalized diamondoids which can be used to create new materials. Most notable among these new materials are self-assembled monolayers of diamondoid-thiols, which exhibit a number of unique electron emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Clay
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, CA 94305
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Maier FC, Sivaraman G, Fyta M. The role of a diamondoid as a hydrogen donor or acceptor in probing DNA nucleobases. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2014; 37:95. [PMID: 25339284 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2014-14095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that diamondoids can interact with DNA by forming relatively strong hydrogen bonds to DNA units, such as nucleobases. For this interaction to occur the diamondoids must be chemically modified in order to provide donor/acceptor groups for the hydrogen bond. We show here that the exact arrangement of an amine-modified adamantane with respect to a neighboring nucleobase has a significant influence on the strength of the hydrogen bond. Whether the diamondoid acts as a hydrogen donor or acceptor in the hydrogen binding to the nucleobase affects the electronic structure and thereby the electronic band-gaps of the diamondoid-nucleobase complex. In a donor arrangement of the diamondoid close to a nucleobase, the interaction energies are weak, but the electronic band-gaps differ significantly. Exactly the opposite trend is observed in an acceptor arrangement of the diamondoid. In each of these cases the frontier orbitals of the diamondoid and the nucleobase play a different role in the binding. The results are discussed in view of a diamondoid-based biosensing device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Maier
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, 70596, Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract
We predict the stability of diamondoids made up of boron and nitrogen instead of carbon atoms. The results are based on quantum-mechanical calculations within density functional theory (DFT) and show some very distinct features compared to the regular carbon-based diamondoids. These features are evaluated with respect to the energetics and electronic properties of the boron nitride diamondoids as compared to the respective properties of the carbon-based diamondoids. We find that BN-diamondoids are overall more stable than their respective C-diamondoid counterparts. The electronic band-gaps (E(g)) of the former are overall lower than those for the latter nanostructures but do not show a very distinct trend with their size. Contrary to the lower C-diamondoids, the BN-diamondoids are semiconducting and show a depletion of charge on the nitrogen site. Their differences in the distribution of the molecular orbitals, compared to their carbon-based counterparts, offer additional bonding and functionalization possibilities. These tiny BN-based nanostructures could potentially be used as nanobuilding blocks complementing or substituting the C-diamondoids, based on the desired properties. An experimental realization of boron nitride diamondoids remains to show their feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fyta
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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40
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Demján T, Vörös M, Palummo M, Gali A. Electronic and optical properties of pure and modified diamondoids studied by many-body perturbation theory and time-dependent density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:064308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Yin H, Ma Y, Hao X, Mu J, Liu C, Yi Z. Quasiparticle electronic structure and optical absorption of diamond nanoparticles from ab initio many-body perturbation theory. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:214315. [PMID: 24908016 DOI: 10.1063/1.4880695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited states of small-diameter diamond nanoparticles in the gas phase are studied using the GW method and Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) within the ab initio many-body perturbation theory. The calculated ionization potentials and optical gaps are in agreement with experimental results, with the average error about 0.2 eV. The electron affinity is negative and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital is rather delocalized. Precise determination of the electron affinity requires one to take the off-diagonal matrix elements of the self-energy operator into account in the GW calculation. BSE calculations predict a large exciton binding energy which is an order of magnitude larger than that in the bulk diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabing Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jinglin Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chengbu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhijun Yi
- Department of Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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42
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Sivaraman G, Fyta M. Chemically modified diamondoids as biosensors for DNA. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:4225-4232. [PMID: 24608602 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06417d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction of biological molecules with materials is essential in view of the novel potential applications arising when these two are combined. To this end, we investigate the interaction of DNA with diamondoids, a broad family of tiny hydrogen-terminated diamond clusters with high technological potential. We model this interaction through quantum-mechanical computer simulations and focus on the hydrogen bonding possibilities of the different DNA nucleobases to the lower amine-modified diamondoids with respect to their relative distance and orientation. Our aim is to promote the binding between these two units, and probe this through the association energy, the electronic structure of the nucleobase-diamondoid system, and the specific role of their frontier orbitals. We discuss the relevance of our results in view of biosensing applications and specifically nanopore sequencing of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Sivaraman
- Institute for Computational Physics, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Somogyi B, Gali A. Computational design of in vivo biomarkers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:143202. [PMID: 24651562 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/14/143202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots) are very promising agents for bioimaging applications because their optical properties are superior compared to those of conventional organic dyes. However, not all the properties of these quantum dots suit the stringent criteria of in vivo applications, i.e. their employment in living organisms that might be of importance in therapy and medicine. In our review, we first summarize the properties of an 'ideal' biomarker needed for in vivo applications. Despite recent efforts, no such hand-made fluorescent quantum dot exists that may be considered as 'ideal' in this respect. We propose that ab initio atomistic simulations with predictive power can be used to design 'ideal' in vivo fluorescent semiconductor nanoparticles. We briefly review such ab initio methods that can be applied to calculate the electronic and optical properties of very small nanocrystals, with extra emphasis on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT which are the most suitable approaches for the description of these systems. Finally, we present our recent results on this topic where we investigated the applicability of nanodiamonds and silicon carbide nanocrystals for in vivo bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Somogyi
- Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
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Barth BEK, Tkachenko BA, Eußner JP, Schreiner PR, Dehnen S. Diamondoid Hydrazones and Hydrazides: Sterically Demanding Ligands for Sn/S Cluster Design. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500014z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix E. K. Barth
- Department of Chemistry and Wissenschaftliches
Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Boryslav A. Tkachenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jens P. Eußner
- Department of Chemistry and Wissenschaftliches
Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Department of Chemistry and Wissenschaftliches
Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Fokin AA, Zhuk TS, Pashenko AE, Osipov VV, Gunchenko PA, Serafin M, Schreiner PR. Functionalization of homodiamantane: oxygen insertion reactions without rearrangement with dimethyldioxirane. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1861-6. [PMID: 24433143 DOI: 10.1021/jo4026594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Homodiamantane bromination and nitroxylation are accompanied by contraction of the seven-membered ring to give the corresponding substituted 1-diamantylmethyl derivatives. In contrast, CH-bond hydroxylations with dimethyldioxirane retain the cage and give both apically and medially substituted homodiamantanes. The product ratios are in accord with the barriers for the oxygen insertion computed with density functional theory methods only if solvation is included through a polarizable continuum model. B3LYP-D3 and M06-2X computations with a 6-31G(d,p) basis set on the oligomeric van der Waals complexes predict the potential of homodiamantane derivatives for surface modifications with conformationally slightly flexible diamondoid homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Fokin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute , pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
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Meinke R, Richter R, Merli A, Fokin AA, Koso TV, Rodionov VN, Schreiner PR, Thomsen C, Maultzsch J. UV resonance Raman analysis of trishomocubane and diamondoid dimers. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:034309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4861758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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47
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Richter R, Wolter D, Zimmermann T, Landt L, Knecht A, Heidrich C, Merli A, Dopfer O, Reiß P, Ehresmann A, Petersen J, Dahl JE, Carlson RMK, Bostedt C, Möller T, Mitric R, Rander T. Size and shape dependent photoluminescence and excited state decay rates of diamondoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3070-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Guareschi R, Filippi C. Ground- and Excited-State Geometry Optimization of Small Organic Molecules with Quantum Monte Carlo. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:5513-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ct400876y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Guareschi
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Filippi
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Hu W, Li Z, Yang J. Surface and size effects on the charge state of NV center in nanodiamonds. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Zimmermann T, Richter R, Knecht A, Fokin AA, Koso TV, Chernish LV, Gunchenko PA, Schreiner PR, Möller T, Rander T. Exploring covalently bonded diamondoid particles with valence photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:084310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4818994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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