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Min HJ, Mina HA, Deering AJ, Robinson JP, Bae E. Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium with Gold Nanoparticles Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance Biosensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8928. [PMID: 36433525 PMCID: PMC9697148 DOI: 10.3390/s22228928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Demonstration of the Salmonella Typhimurium detection system was shown utilizing a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor and signal enhancement by gold nanoparticles. In this study, a benchtop system of a QCM biosensor was utilized for the detection of Salmonella Typhimurium. It was designed with a peristaltic pump system to achieve immobilization of antibodies, detection of Salmonella, and the addition of gold nanoparticles to the sensor. As a series of biochemical solutions were introduced to the surface, the proposed system was able to track the changes in the resonant frequency which were proportional to the variations of mass on the sensor. For antibody immobilization, polyclonal antibodies were immobilized via self-assembled monolayers to detect Salmonella O-antigen. Subsequently, Salmonella Typhimurium was detected by antibodies and the average frequency before and after detecting Salmonella was compared. The highest frequency shifts were −26.91 Hz for 109 CFU/mL while the smallest frequency shift was −3.65 Hz corresponding to 103 CFU/mL. For the specificity tests, non-Salmonella samples such as E. coli, Listeria, and Staphylococcus resulted in low cross-reactivity. For signal amplification, biotinylated antibodies reacted to Salmonella followed by streptavidin—100 nm AuNPs through biotin-avidin interaction. The frequency shifts of 103 CFU/mL showed −28.04 Hz, and consequently improved the limit of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Min
- Applied Optics Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hansel A. Mina
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Amanda J. Deering
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J. Paul Robinson
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Euiwon Bae
- Applied Optics Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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2
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Willers G, Hagendorf C, Naumann V, Holzlöhner R, Guisard S. Soiling induced nano-defects on aluminum telescope mirror coatings. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:2727-2732. [PMID: 35471344 DOI: 10.1364/ao.452904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne contaminations on telescope mirrors are an important issue that is significantly affecting their reflectance, IR emissivity, and light scattering properties. Microscopic damage caused by environmental contaminants is of major interest for high-performance telescope mirror coatings. We have exposed unprotected Al coated mirrors under real operation conditions at the Very Large Telescope on Cerro Paranal/Chile for three years. The unique finding is that, in spite of a dry and low-dust environment, the reflective layers are damaged by interaction between dust particles on the Al mirror surface and capillary condensation. We analyze this particular damage mechanism at the microstructural level.
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3
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Jang IR, Jung SI, Lee G, Park I, Kim SB, Kim HJ. Quartz crystal microbalance with thermally-controlled surface adhesion for an efficient fine dust collection and sensing. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127560. [PMID: 34879536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mass concentration of fine dust or particles acts as a standard measure to express the severity of air pollution. In connection with this, many related sensor technologies have been suggested for both indoor and outdoor uses. Among several technologies, the direct measurement of the dust mass using resonant platforms is the most preferable as it possesses multiple advantages including high sensitivity, low limit of detection, and a rapid response time. Such sensor performances directly rely on the adhesion quality between the sensor substrate and dust. In this work, we introduce a thermally controlled dust capturing scheme by integrating a polystyrene (PS) layer and microheater on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The Pt microheater can rapidly heat the sensor up to 100 °C, allowing a controlled switching between the soft and hard conditions of the PS film at a rapid rate. When the film is soft, the sensor can capture dust particle efficiently and we can calibrate the attached particle mass by measuring the resonance response. Compared to a bare QCM, our sensor used in this study exhibits 11 times larger detectable mass range. In addition, heated QCMs show a performance that is comparable to a high-cost particle sensing equipment such as an aerodynamic particle sizer and optical particle counter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Ryu Jang
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 41988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon In Jung
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 41988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gunhee Lee
- Department of Environmental Machinery, Environmental System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inyong Park
- Department of Environmental Machinery, Environmental System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Bok Kim
- Department of Environmental Machinery, Environmental System Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoe Joon Kim
- Department of Robotics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 41988, Republic of Korea.
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4
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de Billy M, Cohen Tenoudji F. Resonance ultrasonic spectroscopy applied to normal and tangential contact modes investigation of a constrained metallic sphere. ULTRASONICS 2021; 117:106539. [PMID: 34390917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2021.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This article reports on the analysis of the vibration modes (central eigenfrequencies) observed on a dry steel sphere clamped between two planes, under static compression and subjected to an acoustic excitation. The experimental technique is based on the analysis of the ultrasonic resonance spectrum (RUS); compression or transverse excitations are used. Two types of vibrations are observed. The first occurring in the low frequency range corresponds to modes of movement conditioned by the contacts; the second corresponds to the internal, toroidal and spheroidal deformation modes. In this article we limit our research to the modes observed in the low frequency regime and our objective is to study the influence of the static force on the position of the peaks observed in the frequency spectra. In the case of a longitudinal excitation, only one mode is observed; the transverse excitation makes it possible to detect two modes. The experimental results are compared to theoretical calculations based on theoretical models of Hertz and Hertz-Mindlin, on a development of the JKR model based on adhesion due to Van der Waals forces. In this work, the mechanical coefficients are considered to be independent of time and we do not study the phenomena of hysteresis of these coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Billy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, Site de St Cyr, UMR7190, 2 place de la Gare de Ceinture, St Cyr l'Ecole 78210, France.
| | - F Cohen Tenoudji
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, Site de St Cyr, UMR7190, 2 place de la Gare de Ceinture, St Cyr l'Ecole 78210, France
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5
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Johannsmann D, Langhoff A, Leppin C. Studying Soft Interfaces with Shear Waves: Principles and Applications of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3490. [PMID: 34067761 PMCID: PMC8157064 DOI: 10.3390/s21103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The response of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM, also: QCM-D for "QCM with Dissipation monitoring") to loading with a diverse set of samples is reviewed in a consistent frame. After a brief introduction to the advanced QCMs, the governing equation (the small-load approximation) is derived. Planar films and adsorbates are modeled based on the acoustic multilayer formalism. In liquid environments, viscoelastic spectroscopy and high-frequency rheology are possible, even on layers with a thickness in the monolayer range. For particulate samples, the contact stiffness can be derived. Because the stress at the contact is large, the force is not always proportional to the displacement. Nonlinear effects are observed, leading to a dependence of the resonance frequency and the resonance bandwidth on the amplitude of oscillation. Partial slip, in particular, can be studied in detail. Advanced topics include structured samples and the extension of the small-load approximation to its tensorial version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Arne Langhoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Christian Leppin
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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6
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Resonance properties of quartz crystal microbalance immersed in high solid content suspensions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Abi Ghanem M, Khanolkar A, Wallen SP, Helwig M, Hiraiwa M, Maznev AA, Vogel N, Boechler N. Longitudinal eigenvibration of multilayer colloidal crystals and the effect of nanoscale contact bridges. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5655-5665. [PMID: 30865190 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08453j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal contact-based vibrations of colloidal crystals with a controlled layer thickness are studied. These crystals consist of 390 nm diameter polystyrene spheres arranged into close packed, ordered lattices with a thickness of one to twelve layers. Using laser ultrasonics, eigenmodes of the crystals that have out-of-plane motion are excited. The particle-substrate and effective interlayer contact stiffnesses in the colloidal crystals are extracted using a discrete, coupled oscillator model. Extracted stiffnesses are correlated with scanning electron microscope images of the contacts and atomic force microscope characterization of the substrate surface topography after removal of the spheres. Solid bridges of nanometric thickness are found to drastically alter the stiffness of the contacts, and their presence is found to be dependent on the self-assembly process. Measurements of the eigenmode quality factors suggest that energy leakage into the substrate plays a role for low frequency modes but is overcome by disorder- or material-induced losses at higher frequencies. These findings help further the understanding of the contact mechanics, and the effects of disorder in three-dimensional micro- and nano-particulate systems, and open new avenues to engineer new types of micro- and nanostructured materials with wave tailoring functionalities via control of the adhesive contact properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroun Abi Ghanem
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093 USA.
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8
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Anharmonic acoustic effects during DNA hybridization on an electrochemical quartz crystal resonator. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Detection of flexibly bound adsorbate using the nonlinear response of quartz crystal resonator driven at high oscillation amplitude. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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van der Westen R, Sharma PK, De Raedt H, Vermue I, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ. Elastic and viscous bond components in the adhesion of colloidal particles and fibrillated streptococci to QCM-D crystal surfaces with different hydrophobicities using Kelvin–Voigt and Maxwell models. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25391-25400. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04676f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of initial bacterial adhesion using phenomenological models such as the Kelvin–Voigt model and the Maxwell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca van der Westen
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Prashant K. Sharma
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Hans De Raedt
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- Computational Physics
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Ijsbrand Vermue
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Henny C. van der Mei
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Henk J. Busscher
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
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11
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Quantification of the viscoelasticity of the bond of biotic and abiotic particles adhering to solid-liquid interfaces using a window-equipped quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 148:255-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Johannsmann D. Towards vibrational spectroscopy on surface-attached colloids performed with a quartz crystal microbalance. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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13
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Lodge MS, Tang C, Blue BT, Hubbard WA, Martini A, Dawson BD, Ishigami M. Lubricity of gold nanocrystals on graphene measured using quartz crystal microbalance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31837. [PMID: 27554595 PMCID: PMC4995488 DOI: 10.1038/srep31837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to test recently predicted ballistic nanofriction (ultra-low drag and enhanced lubricity) of gold nanocrystals on graphite at high surface speeds, we use the quartz microbalance technique to measure the impact of deposition of gold nanocrystals on graphene. We analyze our measurements of changes in frequency and dissipation induced by nanocrystals using a framework developed for friction of adatoms on various surfaces. We find the lubricity of gold nanocrystals on graphene to be even higher than that predicted for the ballistic nanofriction, confirming the enhanced lubricity predicted at high surface speeds. Our complementary molecular dynamics simulations indicate that such high lubricity is due to the interaction strength between gold nanocrystals and graphene being lower than previously assumed for gold nanocrystals and graphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lodge
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - C Tang
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - B T Blue
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - W A Hubbard
- Department of Physics and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Martini
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - B D Dawson
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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14
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Hiraiwa M, Abi Ghanem M, Wallen SP, Khanolkar A, Maznev AA, Boechler N. Complex Contact-Based Dynamics of Microsphere Monolayers Revealed by Resonant Attenuation of Surface Acoustic Waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:198001. [PMID: 27232047 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.198001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Contact-based vibrations play an essential role in the dynamics of granular materials. Significant insights into vibrational granular dynamics have previously been obtained with reduced-dimensional systems containing macroscale particles. We study contact-based vibrations of a two-dimensional monolayer of micron-sized spheres on a solid substrate that forms a microscale granular crystal. Measurements of the resonant attenuation of laser-generated surface acoustic waves reveal three collective vibrational modes that involve displacements and rotations of the microspheres, as well as interparticle and particle-substrate interactions. To identify the modes, we tune the interparticle stiffness, which shifts the frequency of the horizontal-rotational resonances while leaving the vertical resonance unaffected. From the measured contact resonance frequencies we determine both particle-substrate and interparticle contact stiffnesses and find that the former is an order of magnitude larger than the latter. This study paves the way for investigating complex contact-based dynamics of microscale granular crystals and yields a new approach to studying micro- to nanoscale contact mechanics in multiparticle networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hiraiwa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - M Abi Ghanem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S P Wallen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - A Khanolkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - A A Maznev
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Boechler
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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15
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Peschel A, Langhoff A, Johannsmann D. Coupled resonances allow studying the aging of adhesive contacts between a QCM surface and single, micrometer-sized particles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:484001. [PMID: 26552744 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/48/484001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Interparticle contacts and contacts between particles and surfaces are known to change over time. The contact area, the contact stiffness, and the contact strength usually increase as the contact ages. Contact aging is mostly driven by capillary forces, but also by plastic deformation. Making use of acoustic resonators, we have studied the stiffness of contacts between the surface of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and individual, micrometer-sized particles adsorbed to the resonator surface. Studying single particles avoids ensemble-averaging. Central to the analysis is the coupled resonance, occurring when a surface-attached particle together with the link forms a resonator of its own. If the frequency of this second resonator comes close to one of the crystal's overtones, plots of shifts in resonance bandwidth versus overtone order display a resonance curve. This secondary resonance is caused by the coupling between the particle's resonance and the main resonance. One can read the frequency of the coupled resonance from this plot. Similarly, resonance curves are observed in plots of frequency and bandwidth versus time, if the contact stiffness varies smoothly with time. Because the coupled resonance is a characteristic feature, it is easily identified even in cases where frequency shifts of some other origin are superimposed onto the data. For the cases studied here, the links stiffened while they dried. Interestingly, the efficiency of coupling between the particle resonance and the main resonance decreased at the same time. This can be explained with an increase in the link's bending stiffness. The analysis highlights that a QCM experiment amounts to vibrational spectroscopy on surface-attached particles. Among the application examples is the adsorption and drying of a lycopodium spore. Clearly, the technique is also applicable to problems of bioadhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Peschel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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16
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Rodriguez-López J, Castro P, de Vicente J, Johannsmann D, Elvira L, Morillas JR, Montero de Espinosa F. Colloidal Stability and Magnetic Field-Induced Ordering of Magnetorheological Fluids Studied with a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. SENSORS 2015; 15:30443-56. [PMID: 26690152 PMCID: PMC4721728 DOI: 10.3390/s151229808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work proposes the use of quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) as a method to analyze and characterize magnetorheological (MR) fluids. QCM devices are sensitive to changes in mass, surface interactions, and viscoelastic properties of the medium contacting its surface. These features make the QCM suitable to study MR fluids and their response to variable environmental conditions. MR fluids change their structure and viscoelastic properties under the action of an external magnetic field, this change being determined by the particle volume fraction, the magnetic field strength, and the presence of thixotropic agents among other factors. In this work, the measurement of the resonance parameters (resonance frequency and dissipation factor) of a QCM are used to analyze the behavior of MR fluids in static conditions (that is, in the absence of external mechanical stresses). The influence of sedimentation under gravity and the application of magnetic fields on the shifts of resonance frequency and dissipation factor were measured and discussed in the frame of the coupled resonance produced by particles touching the QCM surface. Furthermore, the MR-fluid/QCM system has a great potential for the study of high-frequency contact mechanics because the translational and rotational stiffness of the link between the surface and the particles can be tuned by the magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Rodriguez-López
- Institute of Physical and Information Technologies, CSIC, C/Serrano, 144, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Pedro Castro
- Institute of Physical and Information Technologies, CSIC, C/Serrano, 144, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Juan de Vicente
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
| | - Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4, Clausthal Zellerfeld D-38678, Germany.
| | - Luis Elvira
- Institute of Physical and Information Technologies, CSIC, C/Serrano, 144, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - Jose R Morillas
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain.
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17
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Hanke S, Petri J, Johannsmann D. Partial slip in mesoscale contacts: dependence on contact size. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:032408. [PMID: 24125277 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.032408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Using acoustic resonators, we have studied the occurrence and the magnitude of partial slip between glass spheres and polymer surfaces. The measurement relies on the shifts of resonance frequency and bandwidth, Δf and ΔΓ, induced by the contact as well as the dependence of Δf and ΔΓ on the amplitude of oscillation. One often finds a decrease of Δf at elevated amplitudes, which goes back to partial slip (also "microslip"). Building on two different models of partial slip, we derive the frequency-amplitude relation from the force-displacement relation. In accordance with both models, the bandwidth is found to increase with amplitude in the partial slip regime. For the highest amplitudes and largest spheres investigated, one observes a decrease of bandwidth with amplitude, which is interpreted as a transition to gross slip. Deviating from both models of partial slip, Δf is sometimes found to be independent of amplitude in the low-amplitude range. Constant Δf implies linear force-displacement relations. The critical amplitude for the onset of partial slip depends on the contact radius, where partial slip is more pronounced for larger contacts. This finding can be explained by a smooth stress profile at the edge of the contact with no singularity. The stress at the edge might be lowered by nanoscale roughness, by capillary forces, or by the inability of the two surfaces to reestablish a sticking contact at the turning point of the oscillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Hanke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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18
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Olsson ALJ, van der Mei HC, Johannsmann D, Busscher HJ, Sharma PK. Probing Colloid–Substratum Contact Stiffness by Acoustic Sensing in a Liquid Phase. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4504-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300366s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam L. J. Olsson
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196,
9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henny C. van der Mei
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196,
9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
Germany
| | - Henk J. Busscher
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196,
9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant K. Sharma
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196,
9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Valenza J, Johnson DL. Normal-mode spectrum of finite-sized granular systems: The effects of fluid viscosity at the grain contacts. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:041302. [PMID: 22680464 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.041302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effects of adsorbed films on the attenuative properties of loose granular media occupying a finite-sized rigid container that is open at the top. We measure the effective mass, M[over ̃](ω), of loose tungsten particles prepared under two different sets of conditions: (i) We lightly coat tungsten grains with a fixed volume fraction of silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS), where the liquid viscosity is varied for individual realizations, and (ii) in the other set of experiments we vary the humidity. On a theoretical level, we are able to decompose the effective mass into a sum over the contributions from each of the normal modes of the granular medium. Our results indicate that increasing either the PDMS viscosity or the humidity, as the case may be, markedly increases the damping rate of each normal mode relevant to our measurements. However, there is appreciable damping even in the absence of any macroscopic film. With a notable exception in the case of the highest humidity in the humidity-controlled experiments, all the relevant modes are weakly damped in the sense of a microscopic theory based on damped contact forces between rigid particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Valenza
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, One Hampshire Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Jiang X, Wang R, Wang Y, Su X, Ying Y, Wang J, Li Y. Evaluation of different micro/nanobeads used as amplifiers in QCM immunosensor for more sensitive detection of E. coli O157:H7. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 29:23-8. [PMID: 21862307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Micro/nanobeads with different materials (magnetic, silica and polymer) and different sizes (diameters from 30nm to 970nm) were investigated for their use as amplifiers in a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor for more sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The micro/nanobeads were conjugated with anti-E. coli antibodies. E. coli O157:H7 cells were first captured by the first antibody immobilized on the electrode surface, and then micro/nanobeads labeled secondary antibodies attached to the cells, and finally the complexes of antibody-E. coli-antibody modified beads were formed. The results showed that antibody-labeled beads lead to signal amplification in both the change in frequency (ΔF) and the change in resistance (ΔR). Since the penetration depth of the oscillation-induced shear-waves for a ∼8MHz crystal is limited to 200nm, the interpretation of how the signal is amplified by the adsorbed particles was represented in terms of the coupled-oscillator theory. The amplification is not sensed in terms of increase in mass on the sensor surface. Amplification is sensed as a change in bacterial resonance frequency when the spheres adsorb to the bacteria. The change in the values of ΔF caused by different micro/nanobeads (amplifiers) attaching on target bacterial cells is indicative of the ratio between the resonance frequency of the absorbed bacterial-particle complex (ω(s)), and the resonance frequency of the crystal (ω).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Jiang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Gögelein C, Brinkmann M, Schröter M, Herminghaus S. Controlling the formation of capillary bridges in binary liquid mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17184-17189. [PMID: 20949963 DOI: 10.1021/la103062s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study the formation of capillary bridges between micrometer-sized glass spheres immersed in a binary liquid mixture using bright field and confocal microscopy. The bridges form upon heating due to the preferential wetting of the hydrophilic glass surface by the water-rich phase. If the system is cooled below the demixing temperature, the bridges disappear within a few seconds by intermolecular diffusion. Thus, this system offers the opportunity to switch the bridges on and off and to tune precisely the bridge volume by altering the temperature in a convenient range. We measure the bridge geometry as a function of the temperature from bright field images and calculate the cohesive force. We discuss the influence of the solvent composition on the bridge formation temperature, the strength of the capillary force, and the bridge volume growth rate. Furthermore, we find that the onset of bridge formation coincides with the water-lutidine bulk coexistence curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gögelein
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation, Bunsenstrasse 10, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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Vittorias E, Kappl M, Butt HJ, Johannsmann D. Studying mechanical microcontacts of fine particles with the quartz crystal microbalance. POWDER TECHNOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Valenza JJ, Hsu CJ, Johnson DL. Effect of granular media on the vibrational response of a resonant structure: theory and experiment. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2010; 128:2768-2781. [PMID: 21110572 DOI: 10.1121/1.3493465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The acoustic response of a structure that contains a cavity filled with a loose granular material is analyzed. The inputs to the theory are the effective masses of each subsystem: that of the empty-cavity resonating structure and that of the granular medium within the cavity. This theory accurately predicts the frequencies, widths, and relative amplitudes of the various flexural mode resonances observed with rectangular bars, each having a cavity filled with loose tungsten granules. Inasmuch as the dominant mechanism for damping is due to adsorbed water at the grain-grain contacts, the significant effects of humidity on both the effective mass of the granular medium as well as on the response of the grain-loaded bars are monitored. Here, depending upon the humidity and the preparation protocol, it is possible to observe one, two, or three distinct resonances in a wide frequency range (1-5 kHz) over which the empty bar has but one resonance. These effects are understood in terms of the theoretical framework, which may simplify in terms of perturbation theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Valenza
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, One Hampshire Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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Pomorska A, Shchukin D, Hammond R, Cooper MA, Grundmeier G, Johannsmann D. Positive Frequency Shifts Observed Upon Adsorbing Micron-Sized Solid Objects to a Quartz Crystal Microbalance from the Liquid Phase. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2237-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902012e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Pomorska
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
| | - Dmitry Shchukin
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
| | - Richard Hammond
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
| | - Matthew A. Cooper
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
| | - Guido Grundmeier
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
| | - Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany, Cambridge Medical Innovations, 181 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0GJ, U.K., Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, 4072, Australia, and Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld,
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Valenza J, Hsu CJ, Ingale R, Gland N, Makse HA, Johnson DL. Dynamic effective mass of granular media and the attenuation of structure-borne sound. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 80:051304. [PMID: 20364977 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.051304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a theoretical and experimental investigation into the fundamental physics of why loose granular media are effective deadeners of structure-borne sound. Here, we demonstrate that a measurement of the effective mass, M(omega), of the granular medium is a sensitive and direct way to answer the question: what is the specific mechanism whereby acoustic energy is transformed into heat? Specifically, we apply this understanding to the case of the flexural resonances of a rectangular bar with a grain-filled cavity within it. The pore space in the granular medium is air of varying humidity. The dominant features of M(omega) are a sharp resonance and a broad background, which we analyze within the context of simple models. We find that: (a) on a fundamental level, dampening of acoustic modes is dominated by adsorbed films of water at grain-grain contacts, not by global viscous dampening or by attenuation within the grains. (b) These systems may be understood, qualitatively, in terms of a height-dependent and diameter-dependent effective sound speed [approximately 100-300 (m.s-1)] and an effective viscosity [approximately 5x10(4) Poise]. (c) There is an acoustic Janssen effect in the sense that, at any frequency, and depending on the method of sample preparation, approximately one-half of the effective mass is borne by the side walls of the cavity and one-half by the bottom. (d) There is a monotonically increasing effect of humidity on the dampening of the fundamental resonance within the granular medium which translates to a nonmonotonic, but predictable, variation in dampening within the grain-loaded bar.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Valenza
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, One Hampshire Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Johannsmann D, Reviakine I, Rojas E, Gallego M. Effect of sample heterogeneity on the interpretation of QCM(-D) data: comparison of combined quartz crystal microbalance/atomic force microscopy measurements with finite element method modeling. Anal Chem 2009; 80:8891-9. [PMID: 18954085 DOI: 10.1021/ac8013115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A quartz crystal microbalance was integrated into an AFM in order to monitor the adsorption of biomolecules to the resonator surface with both atomic force microscopy and microgravimetry. The comparison between the two techniques allows the fractional coverage of the surface, theta, to be correlated with the frequency shift of the resonator, deltaf. The adsorbed material was ferritin, which is a spherical protein with a diameter of approximately 12 nm. Even ata coverage below 50%, the protein layer exhibits Sauerbrey-like behavior, meaning that the magnitude in the frequency shift [deltaf] much exceeds the shift in bandwidth and that the normalized frequency shift, deltaf/n (n the overtone order), is similar on the different overtones. The relation between coverage and frequency shift was found to be nonlinear. In order to model this situation, we performed finite element method calculations based on the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation. The comparison between the model and the experiment suggests that the deformation of the protein upon adsorption is small. For low coverage, the volume of the trapped solvent exceeds the volume of the adsorbate itself. The ratio of the two decreases with increasing coverage. This is the cause of the experimentally observed nonlinear relationship between the surface coverage and frequency shift. Comparing frequency shifts at different overtones, one finds that deltaf/n slightly decreases with overtone order. Such a behavior is typically attributed to softness. The model shows that, for the adsorbed spheres, this apparent softness arises through a rocking motion of the spheres at the surface instead of the shear deformation. Also, there is a hydrodynamic contribution (related to roughness) to the overtone dependence of deltaf/n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diethelm Johannsmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld D-38678, Germany.
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Butt HJ, Kappl M. Normal capillary forces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 146:48-60. [PMID: 19022419 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2008.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A liquid meniscus between two lyophilic solid surfaces causes an attractive force, the capillary force. The meniscus can form by capillary condensation or by accumulation of adsorbed liquid. Under ambient conditions and between hydrophilic surfaces, capillary forces usually dominate over other surface forces. They are relevant in many processes occurring in nature and technical applications, for example the flow of granular materials and friction between surfaces. Here we review normal capillary forces, focusing on a quantitative description with continuum theory. After introducing the capillary force between spherical surfaces, we extend the discussion to other regular and irregular surfaces. The influence of surface roughness is considered. In addition to capillary forces at equilibrium, we also describe the process of meniscus formation. Assumptions, limits, and perspectives for future work are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Hsu CJ, Johnson DL, Ingale RA, Valenza JJ, Gland N, Makse HA. Dynamic effective mass of granular media. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:058001. [PMID: 19257558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.058001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We develop the concept of frequency dependent effective mass, M[over ](omega), of jammed granular materials which occupy a rigid cavity to a filling fraction of 48%, the remaining volume being air of normal room condition or controlled humidity. The dominant features of M[over ](omega) provide signatures of the dissipation of acoustic modes, elasticity, and aging effects in the granular medium. We perform humidity controlled experiments and interpret the data in terms of a continuum model and a "trap" model of thermally activated capillary bridges at the contact points. The results suggest that attenuation of acoustic waves in granular materials can be influenced significantly by the kinetics of capillary condensation between the asperities at the contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaur-Jian Hsu
- Schlumberger-Doll Research, One Hampshire Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Zhuang H, Lu P, Lim SP, Lee HP. Study of the evaporation of colloidal suspension droplets with the quartz crystal microbalance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8373-8378. [PMID: 18616226 DOI: 10.1021/la800661g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this Article, we report the application of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to study the evaporation of colloidal suspension droplets. Droplets of alumina particle suspensions with varying particle size and solid concentration have been investigated. Characteristic responses of the resonance frequency of the QCM associated with the different evaporation stages have been established. Quantitative analysis of the experimental results has been performed by the proposed QCM models. An interesting finding is that frequency increase after complete drying has been observed in some cases. Interpretation of the frequency increase has been developed in terms of the contact stiffness. The possible physical mechanisms are also discussed and quantified in terms of various interparticle forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhuang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576 Singapore.
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Johannsmann D. Viscoelastic, mechanical, and dielectric measurements on complex samples with the quartz crystal microbalance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:4516-34. [DOI: 10.1039/b803960g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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