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Brioschi M, Carrara P, Polewczyk V, Dagur D, Vinai G, Parisse P, Dal Zilio S, Panaccione G, Rossi G, Cucini R. Multidetection scheme for transient-grating-based spectroscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:167-170. [PMID: 36563397 DOI: 10.1364/ol.476958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved optical spectroscopy represents an effective non-invasive approach to investigate the interplay of different degrees of freedom, which plays a key role in the development of novel functional materials. Here, we present magneto-acoustic data on Ni thin films on SiO2 as obtained by a versatile pump-probe setup that combines transient grating spectroscopy with time-resolved magnetic polarimetry. The possibility to easily switch from a pulsed to continuous wave probe allows probing of acoustic and magnetization dynamics on a broad time scale, in both transmission and reflection geometry.
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Ren L, Lombez L, Robert C, Beret D, Lagarde D, Urbaszek B, Renucci P, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Crooker SA, Marie X. Optical Detection of Long Electron Spin Transport Lengths in a Monolayer Semiconductor. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:027402. [PMID: 35867459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.027402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Using a spatially resolved optical pump-probe experiment, we measure the lateral transport of spin-valley polarized electrons over very long distances (tens of micrometers) in a single WSe_{2} monolayer. By locally pumping the Fermi sea of 2D electrons to a high degree of spin-valley polarization (up to 75%) using circularly polarized light, the lateral diffusion of the electron polarization can be mapped out via the photoluminescence induced by a spatially separated and linearly polarized probe laser. Up to 25% spin-valley polarization is observed at pump-probe separations up to 20 μm. Characteristic spin-valley diffusion lengths of 18±3 μm are revealed at low temperatures. The dependence on temperature, pump helicity, pump intensity, and electron density highlight the key roles played by spin relaxation time and pumping efficiency on polarized electron transport in monolayer semiconductors possessing spin-valley locking.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ren
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - L Lombez
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - C Robert
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - D Beret
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - D Lagarde
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - B Urbaszek
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - P Renucci
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - T Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-00044, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-00044, Japan
| | - S A Crooker
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - X Marie
- Université de Toulouse, INSA-CNRS-UPS, LPCNO, 135 Av. Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Cronenberger S, Abbas C, Scalbert D, Boukari H. Spatiotemporal Spin Noise Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:017401. [PMID: 31386421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.017401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the potential of a new spin noise spectroscopy approach by demonstrating all-optical probing of spatiotemporal spin fluctuations. This is achieved by homodyne mixing of a spatially phase-modulated local oscillator with spin-flip scattered light, from which the frequency and wave vector dependence of the spin noise power is unveiled. As a first application of the method we measure the spatiotemporal spin noise in weakly n-doped CdTe layers, from which the electron spin diffusion constant and spin relaxation rates are determined. The absence of spatial spin correlations is also shown for this particular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cronenberger
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR 5221 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier FR-34095, France
| | - C Abbas
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR 5221 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier FR-34095, France
| | - D Scalbert
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), UMR 5221 CNRS-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier FR-34095, France
| | - H Boukari
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France and CNRS, Institut NEEL, Grenoble F-38000, France
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Wang G, Liu BL, Balocchi A, Renucci P, Zhu CR, Amand T, Fontaine C, Marie X. Gate control of the electron spin-diffusion length in semiconductor quantum wells. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2372. [PMID: 24052071 PMCID: PMC3791469 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin diffusion length is a key parameter to describe the transport properties of spin polarized electrons in solids. Electrical spin injection in semiconductor structures, a major issue in spintronics, critically depends on this spin diffusion length. Gate control of the spin diffusion length could be of great importance for the operation of devices based on the electric field manipulation and transport of electron spin. Here we demonstrate that the spin diffusion length in a GaAs quantum well can be electrically controlled. Through the measurement of the spin diffusion coefficient by spin grating spectroscopy and of the spin relaxation time by time-resolved optical orientation experiments, we show that the diffusion length can be increased by more than 200% with an applied gate voltage of 5 V. These experiments allow at the same time the direct simultaneous measurements of both the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit splittings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, China
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Henn T, Kiessling T, Ossau W, Molenkamp LW, Biermann K, Santos PV. Ultrafast supercontinuum fiber-laser based pump-probe scanning magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope for the investigation of electron spin dynamics in semiconductors at cryogenic temperatures with picosecond time and micrometer spatial resolution. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:123903. [PMID: 24387442 DOI: 10.1063/1.4842276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a two-color pump-probe scanning magneto-optical Kerr effect microscope which we have developed to investigate electron spin phenomena in semiconductors at cryogenic temperatures with picosecond time and micrometer spatial resolution. The key innovation of our microscope is the usage of an ultrafast "white light" supercontinuum fiber-laser source which provides access to the whole visible and near-infrared spectral range. Our Kerr microscope allows for the independent selection of the excitation and detection energy while avoiding the necessity to synchronize the pulse trains of two separate picosecond laser systems. The ability to independently tune the pump and probe wavelength enables the investigation of the influence of excitation energy on the optically induced electron spin dynamics in semiconductors. We demonstrate picosecond real-space imaging of the diffusive expansion of optically excited electron spin packets in a (110) GaAs quantum well sample to illustrate the capabilities of the instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Henn
- Physikalisches Institut (EP3), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - T Kiessling
- Physikalisches Institut (EP3), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - W Ossau
- Physikalisches Institut (EP3), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - L W Molenkamp
- Physikalisches Institut (EP3), Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - K Biermann
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - P V Santos
- Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Chen K, Wang W, Wu J, Schuh D, Wegscheider W, Korn T, Lai T. Transmission-grating-photomasked transient spin grating and its application to measurement of electron-spin ambipolar diffusion in (110) GaAs quantum wells. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:8192-8198. [PMID: 22453489 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.008192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A circular dichromatic transient absorption difference spectroscopy of transmission-grating-photomasked transient spin grating is developed and formularized. It is very simple in experimental setup and operation, and has high detection sensitivity. It is applied to measure spin diffusion dynamics and excited electron density dependence of spin ambipolar diffusion coefficient in (110) GaAs quantum wells. It is found that the spin ambipolar diffusion coefficient of (110) and (001) GaAs quantum wells is close to each other, but has an opposite dependence tendency on excited electron density. This spectroscopy is expected to have extensive applicability in the measurement of spin transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- State-Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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Hu C, Ye H, Wang G, Tian H, Wang W, Wang W, Liu B, Marie X. Room temperature spin diffusion in (110) GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2011; 6:149. [PMID: 21711662 PMCID: PMC3211199 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-6-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Transient spin grating experiments are used to investigate the electron spin diffusion in intrinsic (110) GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well at room temperature. The measured spin diffusion length of optically excited electrons is about 4 μm at low spin density. Increasing the carrier density yields both a decrease of the spin relaxation time and the spin diffusion coefficient Ds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Hu
- School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Huiqi Ye
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | | | - Wenxin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Wenquan Wang
- School of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Baoli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Xavier Marie
- INSA-CNRS-UPS; LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 av. de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
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Leonard JR, Kuznetsova YY, Yang S, Butov LV, Ostatnický T, Kavokin A, Gossard AC. Spin transport of excitons. NANO LETTERS 2009; 9:4204-4208. [PMID: 19780583 DOI: 10.1021/nl9024227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on observation of the spin transport of spatially indirect excitons in GaAs/AlGaAs coupled quantum wells (CQW). Exciton spin transport over substantial distances, up to several micrometers in the present work, is achieved due to orders of magnitude enhancement of the exciton spin relaxation time in CQW with respect to conventional quantum wells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Leonard
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0319, USA.
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Pugžlys A, Rizo PJ, Ivanin K, Slachter A, Reuter D, Wieck AD, van der Wal CH, van Loosdrecht PHM. Charge and spin dynamics in a two-dimensional electron gas. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2007; 19:295206. [PMID: 21483058 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/29/295206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A number of time-resolved optical experiments probing and controlling the spin and charge dynamics of the high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction are discussed. These include time-resolved reflectivity, luminescence, transient grating, magneto-optical Kerr effect, and electro-optical Kerr effect experiments. The optical experiments provide information on the carrier lifetimes and spin dephasing times, as well as on the carrier diffusion coefficient which directly gives the charge mobility. A combination of the two types of Kerr experiment proves to be useful in extracting both the carrier lifetimes and spin dephasing times in a single experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pugžlys
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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