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Hu H, Yang R, Zeng Z. Advances in Electrochemical Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy for Visualizing Rechargeable Battery Reactions. ACS NANO 2024; 18:12598-12609. [PMID: 38723158 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This review presents an overview of the application of electrochemical liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (ELP-TEM) in visualizing rechargeable battery reactions. The technique provides atomic-scale spatial resolution and real-time temporal resolution, enabling direct observation and analysis of battery materials and processes under realistic working conditions. The review highlights key findings and insights obtained by ELP-TEM on the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and discusses the current limitations and future prospects of ELP-TEM, including improvements in spatial and temporal resolution and the expansion of the scope of materials and systems that can be studied. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical role of ELP-TEM in understanding and optimizing the design and fabrication of high-performance, long-lasting rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglu Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Zhiyuan Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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2
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Rezaei-Sameti M, Rakhshi M. Density functional theory study on the adsorption of CO on X= (Mn and Tc)-doped graphene sheets in the presence and absence of static electric fields. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1822556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rezaei-Sameti
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rakhshi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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Cheng Y, Wu X, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang G. Thermo-mechanical correlation in two-dimensional materials. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1425-1442. [PMID: 33432953 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06824a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have received tremendous attention from the research community in the past decades, because of their numerous striking physical, chemical and mechanical properties and promising potential in a wide range of applications. This field is strongly interdisciplinary, requiring efficient integration of knowledge with different insights. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date research on the thermal and mechanical properties and thermo-mechanical correlation in 2D materials, including both theoretical and experimental insight. Firstly, the mechanical properties of 2D nanomaterials are discussed, in which the underlying physics is summarized. Then, we discuss the impacts of thermal fluctuation on the mechanical properties. Next, from experimental points of view, we present the methods to introduce strain in 2D materials experimentally and the experimental tools to measure the degree of strain. Finally, we discuss the fundamental phonon and thermal properties of 2D materials, including the strain effects on phonon dispersion, phonon hydrodynamic behavior, phonon topological feature, ballistic thermal conductance and diffusive thermal conductivity. This article presents an advanced understanding of the mechanical and thermal properties of 2D materials, which provides new opportunities for promoting their applications in nanoscale electronic, optoelectronic, and thermal functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
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4
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Li L, Fan H, Wei H, An S, Jia G. [2+1] Additions of (n,0)(n=6−10) single-walled carbon nanotubes with di-vacancies based on defect curvature: A first-principles study. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633619500044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Binding energies ([Formula: see text], geometric and electronic structures for [[Formula: see text]](O/[[Formula: see text]]) additions of O atom on ([Formula: see text])([Formula: see text] − 10) single-walled carbon nanotubes with di-vacancies are studied using a GGA-PBE method, and defect curvature ([Formula: see text]) is used to predict reactivities of different C—C bonds at defect area. Calculated results show that the C—C bonds can be divided into two types: broken C—C bonds corresponding to adducts with a C—O—C configuration structure and unbroken C—C bonds corresponding to adducts with a closed-3MR structure. [Formula: see text] of O/[[Formula: see text]] additions for the adduct with the C—O—C configuration structure monotonously increases with the increase of [Formula: see text] in any ([Formula: see text],0)([Formula: see text]) tube and decreases with the increase of [Formula: see text] in ([Formula: see text],0)([Formula: see text], 7, 10) tubes. Besides the fact that [Formula: see text] value is mainly determined by the defect curvature, it is also affected by band gaps, bonding characteristic of C—C bonds in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and geometric structures. The study would provide a theoretical basis for surface modifications of carbon nanotubes with atomic vacancy defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Fan
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
| | - Hezhuan Wei
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
| | - Shengli An
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of New Functional Ceramics and Devices of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
| | - Guixiao Jia
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of New Functional Ceramics and Devices of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Baotou 014010, P. R. China
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Rojas J, Ardila-Rodríguez L, Diniz M, Gonçalves M, Ribeiro B, Rezende M. Highly porous multiwalled carbon nanotube buckypaper using electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber as a sacrificial material. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01386. [PMID: 30963122 PMCID: PMC6434183 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was solubilized in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and the electrospinning process has been employed to obtain PAN nanofibers (PF). Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were dispersed with the aid of Triton X-100 surfactant and subsequently centrifugated. Buckypapers (BP/PF) were prepared by vacuum filtration procedure of MWCNT suspension supernatant stacking four PF layers over a nylon membrane. The PF removal was carried out by immersing the BP/PF system in DMF and removal periods of 10 and 30 min were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has not shown any PAN residue in the MWCNT network resulting in highly porous BP. However, by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) a PAN band was found around of 2243 cm-1 corresponding to nitrile group (C≡N). Besides, PAN leftover was evidenced by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), electrical characterization through four-point probe, nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- J.A. Rojas
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231280, Brazil
| | - L.A. Ardila-Rodríguez
- Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), Division of Fundamental Science, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228, Brazil
| | - M.F. Diniz
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespacial (DCTA), Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE), São José dos Campos, SP, 12228904, Brazil
| | - M. Gonçalves
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231280, Brazil
| | - B. Ribeiro
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231280, Brazil
| | - M.C. Rezende
- Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231280, Brazil
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Hosnedlova B, Kepinska M, Fernandez C, Peng Q, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Milnerowicz H, Kizek R. Carbon Nanomaterials for Targeted Cancer Therapy Drugs: A Critical Review. CHEM REC 2018; 19:502-522. [PMID: 30156367 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the main causes of human death in developed countries. Most current therapies, unfortunately, carry a number of side effects, such as toxicity and damage to healthy cells, as well as the risk of resistance and recurrence. Therefore, cancer research is trying to develop therapeutic procedures with minimal negative consequences. The use of nanomaterial-based systems appears to be one of them. In recent years, great progress has been made in the field using nanomaterials with high potential in biomedical applications. Carbon nanomaterials, thanks to their unique physicochemical properties, are gaining more and more popularity in cancer therapy. They are valued especially for their ability to deliver drugs or small therapeutic molecules to these cells. Through surface functionalization, they can specifically target tumor tissues, increasing the therapeutic potential and significantly reducing the adverse effects of therapy. Their potential future use could, therefore, be as vehicles for drug delivery. This review presents the latest findings of research studies using carbon nanomaterials in the treatment of various types of cancer. To carry out this study, different databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar were employed. The findings of research studies chosen from more than 2000 viewed scientific publications from the last 15 years were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Hosnedlova
- Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Carlos Fernandez
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, AB107GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Qiuming Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
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7
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Zhou Q, Yong Y, Su X, Ju W, Fu Z, Wang C, Li X. Adsorption sensitivity of defected graphene towards NO molecule: a DFT study. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-018-1373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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A Review of Double-Walled and Triple-Walled Carbon Nanotube Synthesis and Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6040109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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9
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Skowron ST, Lebedeva IV, Popov AM, Bichoutskaia E. Energetics of atomic scale structure changes in graphene. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3143-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An overview of theoretical and experimental studies concerned with energetics of atomic scale structure changes in graphene, including thermally activated and electron irradiation-induced processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina V. Lebedeva
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Scientific Development Centre
- Departamento de Física de Materiales
- Universidad del Pais Vasco UPV/EHU
- San Sebastian E-20018
- Spain
| | - Andrey M. Popov
- Institute for Spectroscopy of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 142190
- Russia
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10
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Zhou Q, Yuan L, Yang X, Fu Z, Tang Y, Wang C, Zhang H. DFT study of formaldehyde adsorption on vacancy defected graphene doped with B, N, and S. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Zhang C, Mao F, Zhang FS, Zhang Y. Impact energy dependence of defect formation in single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Kim K, Sussman A, Zettl A. Graphene nanoribbons obtained by electrically unwrapping carbon nanotubes. ACS NANO 2010; 4:1362-1366. [PMID: 20131856 DOI: 10.1021/nn901782g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We describe a clean method of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) extraction from multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), performed in a high vacuum, nonchemical environment. Electrical current and nanomanipulation are used to unwrap a portion of the MWNT and thus produce a GNR of desired width and length. The unwrapping method allows GNRs to be concurrently characterized structurally via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and evaluated for electrical transport, including situations for which the GNR is severely mechanically flexed. High quality GNRs have exceptional current-carrying capacity, comparable to the exfoliated graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanpyo Kim
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Center of Integrated Nanomechanical Systems, University of California at Berkeley, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Ding F, Huang JY, Yakobson BI. Comment on "Mechanism for superelongation of carbon nanotubes at high temperatures". PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:039601-039602. [PMID: 19659329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.039601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Tang C, Guo W, Chen C. Mechanism for superelongation of carbon nanotubes at high temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:175501. [PMID: 18518305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.175501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report molecular dynamics simulations of the recently discovered superelongation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at high temperatures. The nearly simultaneous activation and wide distribution of a large number of defects near the elastic limit play a key role in impeding the formation of localized predominant instability and facilitating large tensile elongation. It suggests new and more complex mechanisms for CNT superelongation in contrast with the previously proposed ideal defect glide and pseudoclimb. Defect interaction and evolution generate multistage necking and kinking and new types of larger defects that dominate the tensile elongation and breaking process. Intricate interplay between CNT sizes and defect nucleation and motion determine the overall deformation pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- Department of Physics and High Pressure Science and Engineering Center, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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15
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Huang JY, Ding F, Yakobson BI. Dislocation dynamics in multiwalled carbon nanotubes at high temperatures. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:035503. [PMID: 18232998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.035503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Dislocation dynamics dictate the mechanical behavior of materials. Dislocations in periodic crystalline materials have been well documented. On the contrary, dislocations in cylindrical carbon nanotubes, particularly in multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), remain almost unexplored. Here we report that a room temperature 1/2<0001> sessile dislocation in a MWCNT becomes highly mobile, as characterized by its glide, climb, and the glide-climb interactions, at temperatures of about 2000 degrees C. The dislocation glide leads to the cross-linking of different shells; dislocation climb creates nanocracks; and the interaction of two 1/2<0001> dislocations creates kinks. We found that dislocation loops act as channels for mass transport. These dislocation dynamics are drastically different from that in conventional periodic crystalline materials due to the cylindrical, highly anisotropic structures of MWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Huang
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
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Li B, Kang MK, Lu K, Huang R, Ho PS, Allen RA, Cresswell MW. Fabrication and characterization of patterned single-crystal silicon nanolines. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:92-98. [PMID: 18062713 DOI: 10.1021/nl072144i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This letter demonstrates a method for fabricating single-crystal Si nanolines, with rectangular cross sections and nearly atomically flat sidewalls. The high quality of these nanolines leads to superb mechanical properties, with the strain to fracture measured by nanoindentation tests exceeding 8.5% for lines of 74 nm width. A large displacement burst before fracture was observed, which is attributed to a buckling mechanism. Numerical simulations show that the critical load for buckling depends on the friction at the contact surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Microelectronics Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78758, USA.
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Huang JY, Ding F, Jiao K, Yakobson BI. Real time microscopy, kinetics, and mechanism of giant fullerene evaporation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:175503. [PMID: 17995345 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observing the shrinkage of single-layer giant fullerenes (GF). At temperatures approximately 2000 degrees C, the GF volume reduces by greater than one 100-fold while the fullerene shell remains intact, evolving from a slightly polygonized to a nearly spherical shape with a smaller diameter. The number of carbon atoms in the GF decreases linearly with time until the small subbuckyball cage opens and rapidly disappears. Theoretical modeling indicates that carbon atoms are removed predominantly from the weakest binding energy sites, i.e., the pentagons, leading to the constant evaporation rate. The fullerene cage integrity is attributed to the collective behavior of interacting defects. These results constitute the first experimental evidence for the "shrink-wrapping" and "hot-giant" fullerene formation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Huang
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.
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Huang JY, Ding F, Jiao K, Yakobson BI. Self-templated growth of carbon-nanotube walls at high temperatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2007; 3:1735-9. [PMID: 17763513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Huang
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
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