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Strongly Correlated Quantum Spin Liquids versus Heavy Fermion Metals: A Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113901. [PMID: 35683199 PMCID: PMC9182384 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This review considers the topological fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) that explains the complex behavior of strongly correlated Fermi systems, such as frustrated insulators with quantum spin liquid and heavy fermion metals. The review contrasts theoretical consideration with recent experimental data collected on both heavy fermion metals (HF) and frustrated insulators. Such a method allows to understand experimental data. We also consider experimental data collected on quantum spin liquid in Lu3Cu2Sb3O14 and quasi-one dimensional (1D) quantum spin liquid in both YbAlO3 and Cu(C4H4N2)(NO3)2 with the aim to establish a sound theoretical explanation for the observed scaling laws, Landau Fermi liquid (LFL) and non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior exhibited by these frustrated insulators. The recent experimental data on the heavy-fermion metal α−YbAl1−xFexB4, with x=0.014, and on its sister compounds β−YbAlB4 and YbCo2Ge4, carried out under the application of magnetic field as a control parameter are analyzed. We show that the thermodynamic and transport properties as well as the empirical scaling laws follow from the fermion condensation theory. We explain how both the similarity and the difference in the thermodynamic and transport properties of α−YbAl1−xFexB4 and in its sister compounds β−YbAlB4 and YbCo2Ge4 emerge, as well as establish connection of these (HF) metals with insulators Lu3Cu2Sb3O14, Cu(C4H4N2)(NO3)2 and YbAlO3. We demonstrate that the universal LFL and NFL behavior emerge because the HF compounds and the frustrated insulators are located near the topological FCQPT or are driven by the application of magnetic fields.
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Pâţu OI, Klümper A, Foerster A. Universality and Quantum Criticality of the One-Dimensional Spinor Bose Gas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:243402. [PMID: 29956958 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.243402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the universal thermodynamics of the two-component one-dimensional Bose gas with contact interactions in the vicinity of the quantum critical point separating the vacuum and the ferromagnetic liquid regime. We find that the quantum critical region belongs to the universality class of the spin-degenerate impenetrable particle gas which, surprisingly, is very different from the single-component case and identify its boundaries with the peaks of the specific heat. In addition, we show that the compressibility Wilson ratio, which quantifies the relative strength of thermal and quantum fluctuations, serves as a good discriminator of the quantum regimes near the quantum critical point. Remarkably, in the Tonks-Girardeau regime, the universal contact develops a pronounced minimum, reflected in a counterintuitive narrowing of the momentum distribution as we increase the temperature. This momentum reconstruction, also present at low and intermediate momenta, signals the transition from the ferromagnetic to the spin-incoherent Luttinger liquid phase and can be detected in current experiments with ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu I Pâţu
- Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Măgurele, R 077125 Romania
| | - Andreas Klümper
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Angela Foerster
- Instituto de Física da UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Beldjoudi Y, Arauzo A, Palacio F, Pilkington M, Rawson JM. Studies on a “Disappearing Polymorph”: Thermal and Magnetic Characterization of α-p-NCC6F4CNSSN•. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16779-16786. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Beldjoudi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, OntarioN9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ana Arauzo
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Ciencias, and
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando Palacio
- Departamento
de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Ciencias, and
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir
Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jeremy M. Rawson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, OntarioN9B 3P4, Canada
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Kono Y, Sakakibara T, Aoyama CP, Hotta C, Turnbull MM, Landee CP, Takano Y. Field-induced quantum criticality and universal temperature dependence of the magnetization of a spin-1/2 heisenberg chain. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:037202. [PMID: 25659018 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.037202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-precision dc magnetization measurements have been made on Cu(C4H4N2) (NO3)2 in magnetic fields up to 14.7 T, slightly above the saturation field Hs=13.97 T, in the temperature range from 0.08 to 15 K. The magnetization curve and differential susceptibility at the lowest temperature show excellent agreement with exact theoretical results for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet in one dimension. A broad peak is observed in magnetization measured as a function of temperature, signaling a crossover to a low-temperature Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid regime. With an increasing field, the peak moves gradually to lower temperatures, compressing the regime, and, at Hs, the magnetization exhibits a strong upturn. This quantum critical behavior of the magnetization and that of the specific heat withstand quantitative tests against theory, demonstrating that the material is a practically perfect one-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kono
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Sakakibara
- Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - C P Aoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
| | - C Hotta
- Department of Basic Science, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - M M Turnbull
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610-1477, USA
| | - C P Landee
- Carlson School of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610-1477, USA
| | - Y Takano
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
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Guan XW, Yin XG, Foerster A, Batchelor MT, Lee CH, Lin HQ. Wilson ratio of fermi gases in one dimension. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:130401. [PMID: 24116749 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.130401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We calculate the Wilson ratio of the one-dimensional Fermi gas with spin imbalance. The Wilson ratio of attractively interacting fermions is solely determined by the density stiffness and sound velocity of pairs and of excess fermions for the two-component Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase. The ratio exhibits anomalous enhancement at the two critical points due to the sudden change in the density of states. Despite a breakdown of the quasiparticle description in one dimension, two important features of the Fermi liquid are retained; namely, the specific heat is linearly proportional to temperature, whereas the susceptibility is independent of temperature. In contrast to the phenomenological Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid parameter, the Wilson ratio provides a powerful parameter for testing universal quantum liquids of interacting fermions in one, two, and three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- X-W Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China and Department of Theoretical Physics, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
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Yamaguchi H, Iwase K, Ono T, Shimokawa T, Nakano H, Shimura Y, Kase N, Kittaka S, Sakakibara T, Kawakami T, Hosokoshi Y. Unconventional magnetic and thermodynamic properties of S=1/2 spin ladder with ferromagnetic legs. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:157205. [PMID: 25167306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.157205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have succeeded in synthesizing single crystals of a new organic radical 3-Cl-4-F-V [3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1,5-diphenylverdazyl]. Through the ab initio molecular orbital calculation and the analysis of the magnetic properties, this compound was confirmed to be the first experimental realization of an S=1/2 spin-ladder system with ferromagnetic leg interactions. The field-temperature phase diagram indicated that the ground state is situated very close to the quantum critical point. Furthermore, we found an unexpected field-induced successive phase transition, which possibly originates from the interplay of low dimensionality and frustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - K Iwase
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - T Ono
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - T Shimokawa
- Center for Collaborative Research and Technology Development, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - H Nakano
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Y Shimura
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - N Kase
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - S Kittaka
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Sakakibara
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Hosokoshi
- Department of Physical Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Wierschem K, Sengupta P. Dimensional crossover in spin-1 Heisenberg antiferromagnets: a quantum Monte Carlo study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/400/3/032112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mukhopadhyay S, Klanjšek M, Grbić MS, Blinder R, Mayaffre H, Berthier C, Horvatić M, Continentino MA, Paduan-Filho A, Chiari B, Piovesana O. Quantum-critical spin dynamics in quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:177206. [PMID: 23215221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.177206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
By means of nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T(1)(-1), we follow the spin dynamics as a function of the applied magnetic field in two gapped quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets: the anisotropic spin-chain system NiCl(2)-4SC(NH(2))(2) and the spin-ladder system (C(5)H(12)N)(2)CuBr(4). In both systems, spin excitations are confirmed to evolve from magnons in the gapped state to spinons in the gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid state. In between, T(1)(-1) exhibits a pronounced, continuous variation, which is shown to scale in accordance with quantum criticality. We extract the critical exponent for T(1)(-1), compare it to the theory, and show that this behavior is identical in both studied systems, thus demonstrating the universality of quantum-critical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, LNCMI-CNRS (UPR3228), UJF, UPS and INSA, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Ninios K, Hong T, Manabe T, Hotta C, Herringer SN, Turnbull MM, Landee CP, Takano Y, Chan HB. Wilson ratio of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in a spin-1/2 Heisenberg ladder. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:097201. [PMID: 22463663 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.097201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using micromechanical force magnetometry, we have measured the magnetization of the strong-leg spin-1/2 ladder compound (C(7)H(10)N)(2)CuBr(2) at temperatures down to 45 mK. Low-temperature magnetic susceptibility as a function of field exhibits a maximum near the critical field H(c) at which the magnon gap vanishes, as expected for a gapped one-dimensional antiferromagnet. Above H(c) a clear minimum appears in the magnetization as a function of temperature, as predicted by theory. In this field region, the susceptibility in conjunction with our specific-heat data yields the Wilson ratio R(W). The result supports the relation R(W)=4K, where K is the Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ninios
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Tenório ASF, Montenegro-Filho RR, Coutinho-Filho MD. Quantum phase transitions in alternating spin-(1/2, 5/2) Heisenberg chains. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2011; 23:506003. [PMID: 22129614 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/50/506003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The ground state spin-wave excitations and thermodynamic properties of two types of ferrimagnetic chains are investigated: the alternating spin-1/2 spin-5/2 chain and a similar chain with a spin-1/2 pendant attached to the spin-5/2 site. Results for magnetic susceptibility, magnetization and specific heat are obtained through the finite-temperature Lanczos method with the aim of describing the available experimental data, as well as comparison with theoretical results from the semiclassical approximation and the low-temperature susceptibility expansion derived from Takahashi's modified spin-wave theory. In particular, we study in detail the temperature versus magnetic field phase diagram of the spin-1/2 spin-5/2 chain, in which several low-temperature quantum phases are identified: the Luttinger liquid phase, the ferrimagnetic plateau and the fully polarized phase, and the respective quantum critical points and crossover lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio S F Tenório
- Laboratório de Física Teórica e Computacional, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Ding LJ, Yao KL, Fu HH. Field-controlled magnetic order with insulator–metal transitions in a periodic Anderson-like organic polymer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:328-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Hong T, Kim YH, Hotta C, Takano Y, Tremelling G, Turnbull MM, Landee CP, Kang HJ, Christensen NB, Lefmann K, Schmidt KP, Uhrig GS, Broholm C. Field-induced Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase of a two-leg spin-1/2 ladder with strong leg interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:137207. [PMID: 21230808 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.137207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We study the magnetic-field-induced quantum phase transition from a gapped quantum phase that has no magnetic long-range order into a gapless phase in the spin-1/2 ladder compound bis(2,3-dimethylpyridinium) tetrabromocuprate (DIMPY). At temperatures below about 1 K, the specific heat in the gapless phase attains an asymptotic linear temperature dependence, characteristic of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid. Inelastic neutron scattering and the specific heat measurements in both phases are in good agreement with theoretical calculations, demonstrating that DIMPY is the first model material for an S=1/2 two-leg spin ladder in the strong-leg regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hong
- Neutron Scattering Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
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Zhao E, Guan XW, Liu WV, Batchelor MT, Oshikawa M. Analytic thermodynamics and thermometry of Gaudin-Yang Fermi gases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:140404. [PMID: 19905551 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.140404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2009] [Revised: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We study the thermodynamics of a one-dimensional attractive Fermi gas (the Gaudin-Yang model) with spin imbalance. The exact solution has been known from the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz for decades, but it involves an infinite number of coupled nonlinear integral equations whose physics is difficult to extract. Here the solution is analytically reduced to a simple, powerful set of four algebraic equations. The simplified equations become universal and exact in the experimental regime of strong interaction and relatively low temperature. Using the new formulation, we discuss the qualitative features of finite-temperature crossover and make quantitative predictions on the density profiles in traps. We propose a practical two-stage scheme to achieve accurate thermometry for a trapped spin-imbalanced Fermi gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhai Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Rüegg C, Kiefer K, Thielemann B, McMorrow DF, Zapf V, Normand B, Zvonarev MB, Bouillot P, Kollath C, Giamarchi T, Capponi S, Poilblanc D, Biner D, Krämer KW. Thermodynamics of the spin Luttinger liquid in a model ladder material. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:247202. [PMID: 19113659 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.247202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The phase diagram in temperature and magnetic field of the metal-organic, two-leg, spin-ladder compound (C5H12N)2CuBr4 is studied by measurements of the specific heat and the magnetocaloric effect. We demonstrate the presence of an extended spin Luttinger-liquid phase between two field-induced quantum critical points and over a broad range of temperature. Based on an ideal spin-ladder Hamiltonian, comprehensive numerical modeling of the ladder specific heat yields excellent quantitative agreement with the experimental data across the entire phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Rüegg
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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