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Ikeda K, Ohshita H, Otomo T, Sakaki K, Kim H, Nakamura Y, Machida A, Von Dreele RB. Pressure cells for in situ neutron total scattering: time and real-space resolution during deuterium absorption. J Appl Crystallogr 2022; 55:1631-1639. [PMID: 36570668 PMCID: PMC9721332 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722010561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In situ gas-loading sample holders for two-dimensionally arranged detectors in time-of-flight neutron total scattering experiments have been developed to investigate atomic arrangements during deuterium absorption using time and real-space resolution. A single-crystal sapphire container was developed that allows conditions of 473 K and 10 MPa hydrogen gas pressure. High-resolution transient measurements detected deuterium absorption by palladium that proceeded within a few seconds. A double-layered container with thick- and thin-walled vanadium allowed conditions of 423 K and 10 MPa hydrogen gas pressure. The deuterium occupation sites of a lanthanum-nickel-aluminium alloy are discussed in detail on the basis of real-space high-resolution data obtained from in situ neutron scattering measurements and reverse Monte Carlo structural modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Ikeda
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan,J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan,School of High Energy Accelerator Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan,Correspondence e-mail:
| | - Hidetoshi Ohshita
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Toshiya Otomo
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan,J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan,School of High Energy Accelerator Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan,Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Kouji Sakaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan
| | - Hyunjeong Kim
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569 Japan
| | - Akihiko Machida
- Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Robert B. Von Dreele
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439-4814, USA
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Kim H, Schreuders H, Sakaki K, Asano K, Nakamura Y, Maejima N, Machida A, Watanuki T, Dam B. Unveiling Nanoscale Compositional and Structural Heterogeneities of Highly Textured Mg 0.7Ti 0.3H y Thin Films. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6800-6807. [PMID: 32379436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Thin films often exhibit fascinating properties, but the understanding of the underlying mechanism behind such properties is not simple. This is partially because of the limited structural information available. The hurdle in obtaining such information is especially high for textured thin films such as Mg-rich MgxTi1-x, a promising switchable smart coating material. Although these metastable thin films are seen as solid solution alloys by conventional crystallographic methods, their hydrogen-induced optical transition is hardly understood by a solid solution model. In this study, we collect atomic pair distribution function (PDF) data for a Mg0.7Ti0.3Hy thin film in situ on hydrogenation and successfully resolve TiH2 clusters of an average size of 30 Å embedded in the Mg matrix. This supports the chemically segregated model previously proposed for this system. We also observe the emergence of a previously unknown intermediate face-centered tetragonal phase during hydrogenation of the Mg matrix. This phase appears between Mg and MgH2 to reduce lattice mismatch, thereby preventing pulverization and facilitating rapid hydrogen uptake. This work may shed new light on the hydrogen-induced properties of Mg-rich MgxTi1-x thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjeong Kim
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Herman Schreuders
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MECS, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maaslaan 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kouji Sakaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Kohta Asano
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakamura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Maejima
- Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiko Machida
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanuki
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Bernard Dam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MECS, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maaslaan 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Fraga E, Zea-Garcia JD, Yáñez A, De la Torre AG, Cuesta A, Valcárcel-Fernández R, Farré-París F, Malfois M, Aranda MAG. High-pressure and -temperature spinning capillary cell for in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1238-1244. [PMID: 31274449 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519005150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In situ research of materials under moderate pressures (hundreds of bar) is essential in many scientific fields. These range from gas sorption to chemical and biological processes. One industrially important discipline is the hydration of oil well cements. Existing capillary cells in this pressure range are static as they are easy to design and operate. This is convenient for the study of single-phase materials; however, powder diffraction quantitative analyses for multiphase systems cannot be performed accurately as a good powder average cannot be attained. Here, the design, construction and commissioning of a cost-effective spinning capillary cell for in situ powder X-ray diffraction is reported, for pressures currently up to 200 bar. The design addresses the importance of reducing the stress on the capillary by mechanically synchronizing the applied rotation power and alignment on both sides of the capillary while allowing the displacement of the supports needed to accommodate different capillaries sizes and to insert the sample within the tube. This cell can be utilized for multiple purposes allowing the introduction of gas or liquid from both ends of the capillary. The commissioning is reported for the hydration of a commercial oil well cement at 150 bar and 150°C. The quality of the resulting powder diffraction data has allowed in situ Rietveld quantitative phase analyses for a hydrating cement containing seven crystalline phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmundo Fraga
- ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Lum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesus D Zea-Garcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Armando Yáñez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Naval e Industrial, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Esteiro S/N, 15403 Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Angeles G De la Torre
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Cuesta
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos S/N, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Farré-París
- ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Lum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Malfois
- ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Lum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A G Aranda
- ALBA Synchrotron, Carrer de la Lum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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