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Angermair J, Iglhaut G, Meyenberg K, Wiest W, Rack A, Zabler S, Fretwurst T, Nelson K, Kernen F. In vitro assessment of internal implant-abutment connections with different cone angles under static loading using synchrotron-based radiation. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:396. [PMID: 38549137 PMCID: PMC10976688 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stability of implant-abutment connection is crucial to minimize mechanical and biological complications. Therefore, an assessment of the microgap behavior and abutment displacement in different implant-abutment designs was performed. METHODS Four implant systems were tested, three with a conical implant-abutment connection based on friction fit and a cone angle < 12 ° (Medentika, Medentis, NobelActive) and a system with an angulated connection (< 40°) (Semados). In different static loading conditions (30 N - 90º, 100 N - 90º, 200 N - 30º) the microgap and abutment displacement was evaluated using synchrotron-based microtomography and phase-contrast radioscopy with numerical forward simulation of the optical Fresnel propagation yielding an accuracy down to 0.1 μm. RESULTS Microgaps were present in all implant systems prior to loading (0.15-9 μm). Values increased with mounting force and angle up to 40.5 μm at an off axis loading of 100 N in a 90° angle. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the implant-abutment connection with a large cone angle (45°), the conical connections based on a friction fit (small cone angles with < 12°) demonstrated an abutment displacement which resulted in a deformation of the outer implant wall. The design of the implant-abutment connection seems to be crucial for the force distribution on the implant wall which might influence peri-implant bone stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerhard Iglhaut
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Wolfram Wiest
- Chair of X-ray Microscopy LRM, University Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rack
- Experiments Division, ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Simon Zabler
- Deggendorf Institute of Technology DIT, Dieter-Görlitz-Platz 2, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kernen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Translational Implantology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Ožiūnas R, Sakalauskienė J, Staišiūnas L, Žekonis G, Žilinskas J, Janužis G. Physical and mechanical changes on titanium base of three different types of hybrid abutment after cyclic loading. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:33-43. [PMID: 36908752 PMCID: PMC9992696 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the physical and mechanical changes in the titanium base of three different hybrid abutment materials after cyclic loading by estimating the post-load reverse torque value (RTV), compressive side fulcrum wear pattern of titanium base, and surface roughness. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 dental implants were divided into three groups (n = 8 each): Group Z, LD, and P used zirconia, lithium disilicate, and polyetheretherketone, respectively, for hybrid abutment fabrication. RTV was evaluated after cyclic loading with 50 N for 1.2 × 106 chewing cycles. The compressive sides of the titanium bases were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope, and the roughness of the affected areas was measured using an optical profilometer after loading. Datasets were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney tests with the Bonferroni correction (α = .05). RESULTS Twenty-three samples passed the test; one LD sample fractured after 770,474 cycles. Post-load RTV varied significantly depending on the hybrid-abutment material (P = .020). Group P had a significantly higher median of post-load RTVs than group Z (16.5 and 14.3 Ncm, respectively). Groups LD and P showed minor signs of wear, and group Z showed a more pronounced wear pattern. While evaluating compressive side affected area roughness of titanium bases, lower medians were shown in group LD (Ra 0.16 and Rq 0.22 µm) and group P (Ra 0.16 and Rq 0.23 µm) than in group Z (Ra 0.26 and Rq 0.34 µm); significant differences were found only among the unaffected surface and group Z. CONCLUSION The hybrid abutment material influences the post-load RTV. Group Z had a more pronounced wear pattern on the compressive side of titanium base; however, the surface roughness was not statistically different among the hybrid-abutment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimantas Ožiūnas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgina Sakalauskienė
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Gediminas Žekonis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Žilinskas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Janužis
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Alonso-Pérez R, F Bartolomé J, Pradíes G. Original vs compatible stock abutment- implant connection. An in vitro analysis of the internal accuracy and mechanical fatigue behaviour. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:476-483. [PMID: 34866067 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the internal accuracy and mechanical behaviour under cyclic loading after artificial aging of implantsupported crowns restored with original stock abutments and two compatible non-original stock abutments. METHODS Forty-eight original internal hexagon connection implants were connected to different stock abutments. The samples were divided into three groups depending on the manufacturer of the abutment components (one original, two non-originals).Firstly, samples were cross-sectioned and observed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to evaluate the internal accuracy in three different implant-abutment interface locations (platform, internal and screw). Further, cyclic fatigue loading was carried out according to the ISO Norm 14801 using dynamic testing machine under sinusoidal loads for 2,000,000 cycles at test frequencies of 2 Hz in air after thermocycling with 10,000 cycles at 5 °C and 55 °C in artificial saliva for aging simulation. RESULTS Original abutment components presented the highest percentage of surface with tight contact with the implant in the three implant-abutment interfaces studied. Additionally, original configuration showed highest fatigue limit value and fatigue strength exponent (280 N and -0.054) than non-original 1 (225 N and -0.109) and non-original 2 (200 N and -0.101). CONCLUSION Original abutment components provide better fit and mechanical results under cyclic loading than nonoriginal configurations. The results obtained in this study seem to suggest that the use of the original stock abutments to implants leads to a more homogeneous load distribution between the components that can influence the long-term success of the restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alonso-Pérez
- Department of Buccofacial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José F Bartolomé
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pradíes
- Department of Buccofacial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Bergamo ETP, Campos TMB, Lopes ACO, Cardoso KB, Gouvea MVR, de Araújo-Júnior ENS, Witek L, Gierthmühlen PC, Coelho PG, Benalcázar Jalkh EB, Zahoui A, de Carvalho LF, Bonfante EA. Hydrothermal aging affects the three-dimensional fit and fatigue lifetime of zirconia abutments. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104832. [PMID: 34536801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effect of aging using two different methods on the three-dimensional fit of zirconia abutments at the implant-abutment connection and estimate the probability of survival of anterior crowns supported by straight and 17-degree angled abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two different zirconia abutment designs, straight and 17-degree angled abutments (n = 63/group), were evaluated in the current study. The abutments were randomly allocated into three experimental groups according to laboratory aging condition (134°C, 2.2 bar, 20 h): (i) control, (ii) autoclave aging, and (iii) hydrothermal reactor aging. Crystalline content was determined by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, and microstructure was analyzed using field-emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM). Implant-abutment volume misfit was determined in the straight abutments by micro-computed tomography using the silicone replica technique. For fatigue testing, abutments were torqued to the implants and connected to standardized maxillary incisor zirconia crowns. The assemblies were subjected to step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) in water until fracture or suspension. The use level probability Weibull curves and probability of survival for a mission of 50,000 cycles at 50, 100, 150 and 200 N were calculated and plotted. Fractured samples were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS The crystalline spectra depicted a zirconia system primarily composed of the tetragonal phase. Laboratory aging yielded a 20%- and 37%-increase in the monoclinic content for abutments aged in autoclave and hydrothermal reactor relative to control, respectively. A fully crystalline matrix with a regular grain size was observed in the FEG-SEM for control abutments, with a considerable presence of intergranular defects. While autoclave aging triggered no significant alteration to the microstructure, defect population was reduced after hydrothermal reactor aging. Control abutments presented a significantly higher volume misfit (2.128 ± 0.54 mm3) relative to aged abutments using autoclave (1.244 ± 0.48 mm3) or hydrothermal reactor (1.441 ± 0.41 mm3). The beta (β) values indicated that failures were predominantly controlled by material strength rather than fatigue damage accumulation for all groups, except for straight control abutments. Irrespective of aging, the probability of survival of straight and angled zirconia abutments was up to 95% (95-100%) at 50 and 100 N. A 50N-increase in the load resulted in wider range of survival estimate, with straight autoclave abutments percentage significantly lower probability of survival (77%) than angled hydrothermal reactor abutments (99%). At 200N, angled hydrothermal reactor (97%) or autoclave (82%) aged abutments demonstrated the highest probability of survival, angled control (71%) and straight hydrothermal reactor (69%) abutments intermediate values, and straight autoclave (23%) and control (7%) abutments the lowest estimate. The failure mode predominantly involved abutment and/or abutment screw fracture for both straight and angled abutments. CONCLUSIONS Hydrothermal aging significantly influenced volume misfit, as well as the probability of survival of zirconia abutments at higher loads for both angled and straight abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmara T P Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tiago M B Campos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina B Cardoso
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcus V R Gouvea
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo N S de Araújo-Júnior
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Petra C Gierthmühlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA; Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, 222 East 41st Street New York, NY, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ernesto B Benalcázar Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abbas Zahoui
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura F de Carvalho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, 9-75 Octavio Pinheiro Brizolla, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Cardoso KB, Bergamo ETP, Cruz VDM, Ramalho IS, Lino LFDO, Bonfante EA. Three-dimensional misfit between Ti-Base abutments and implants evaluated by replica technique. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20200343. [PMID: 33263647 PMCID: PMC7714261 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An important factor affecting the biomechanical behavior of implant-supported reconstructions is the implant-abutment misfit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Bergamo Cardoso
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Bauru, Brasil
| | | | - Vitor De Moraes Cruz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, Brasil
| | - Ilana Santos Ramalho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Bauru, Brasil
| | | | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Prótese e Periodontia, Bauru, Brasil
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Nelson K, Hesse B, Addison O, Morrell AP, Gross C, Lagrange A, Suárez VI, Kohal R, Fretwurst T. Distribution and Chemical Speciation of Exogenous Micro- and Nanoparticles in Inflamed Soft Tissue Adjacent to Titanium and Ceramic Dental Implants. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14432-14443. [PMID: 32970419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of the implant surface and particle release/formation as an inflammation catalyst mechanism is an emerging concept in dental medicine that may help explain the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. The aim of the present study was a synchrotron-based characterization of micro- and nanosized implant-related particles in inflamed human tissues around titanium and ceramic dental implants that exhibited signs of peri-implantitis. Size, distribution, and chemical speciation of the exogenous micro- and nanosized particle content were evaluated using synchrotron μ-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), nano-XRF, and μ-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). Titanium particles, with variable speciation, were detected in all tissue sections associated with titanium implants. Ceramic particles were found in five out of eight tissue samples associated with ceramic implants. Particles ranged in size from micro- to nanoscale. The local density of both titanium and ceramic particles was calculated to be as high as ∼40 million particles/mm3. μ-XANES identified titanium in predominantly two different chemistries, including metallic and titanium dioxide (TiO2). The findings highlight the propensity for particle accumulation in the inflamed tissues around dental implants and will help in guiding toxicological studies to determine the biological significance of such exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Nelson
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Bismarckstrasse 10-12, 10625 Berlin, Germany.,European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Owen Addison
- Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, U.K
| | - Alexander P Morrell
- Centre for Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, SE1 9RT London, U.K
| | - Christian Gross
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adrien Lagrange
- Xploraytion GmbH, Bismarckstrasse 10-12, 10625 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vanessa I Suárez
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Ralf Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Fretwurst
- Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Translational Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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7
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Ramalho IS, Bergamo ETP, Witek L, Coelho PG, Lopes ACO, Bonfante EA. Implant-abutment fit influences the mechanical performance of single-crown prostheses. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 102:103506. [PMID: 31877515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the three-dimensional fit of abutments fabricated by the industry to those either milled or cast by a commercial laboratory and to correlate the implant-abutment connection fit with stress at fatigue failure of prostheses. Probability of survival (reliability) and fractography to characterize failure modes were also performed for cemented and screw-retained prostheses. METHODS One-hundred and twenty-six maxillary central incisor crowns were milled to restore implants and divided in 3 cemented and 3 screwed-retained groups (n = 21/each), as follows: [Digital-Sc]: milled one-piece monolithic abutment/crown; [TiB-Sc]: milled crowns cemented onto Ti-base abutments; [UCLA]: screw-retained crown using UCLA abutments; [Digital-Ce]: milled two-piece assembly comprised by screwed monolithic abutment and a cemented crown; [TiB-Ce]: milled coping cemented onto Ti-base abutments to receive a cemented crown; [UCLA-Ce]: UCLA abutments that received an overcast coping and a cemented crown. Implant-abutment volume misfit was assessed by micro-computed tomography using the silicone replica technique. Implant/crown systems were subjected to step-stress accelerated life testing (SSALT) in water. The use-level probability Weibull curves and reliability for a mission of 50,000 cycles at calculated stress at failure of 2,300, 3300 and 4300 MPa were plotted. Fractographic analysis was performed with scanning electron microscopy. Internal misfit was analyzed through one-way ANOVA following post-hoc comparisons by Tukey test (p < 0.05). Correlation between misfit volume and the stress at fatigue failure was assessed by Pearson test. RESULTS Similar misfit volumes were observed for TiB-Sc (0.458 mm3), TiB-Ce (0.461 mm3), UCLA (0.471 mm3) and UCLA-Ce (0.480 mm3), which were significantly lower than Digital-Sc (0.676 mm3) and Digital-Ce (0.633 mm3). The mean β values were: 1.68, 1.39, 1.48, 2.41, 2.27 and 0.71 for Digital-Sc, TiB-Sc, UCLA, Digital-Ce, TiB-Ce and UCLA-Ce, respectively, indicating that fatigue was an accelerating factor for failure of all groups. Higher stress at failure decreased the reliability of all groups, more significantly for screw compared to cement-retained groups, especially for Digital-Sc that demonstrated the lowest reliability. The failure mode was restricted to abutment screw fracture. A negative correlation was observed between misfit values and stress at failure (r = -0.302, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Abutments milled by a commercial lab presented higher misfit compared to those provided by the industry and a moderate correlation was observed between higher misfit and lower stress at failure during fatigue. Probability of survival decreased at higher stress, especially for screw compared to cement-retained groups, and failures were confined to abutment screws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana S Ramalho
- University of Sao Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Edmara T P Bergamo
- University of Sao Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Lukasz Witek
- New York University, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- New York University, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- University of Sao Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- University of Sao Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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8
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Yao KT, Kao HC, Cheng CK, Fang HW, Huang CH, Hsu ML. Mechanical performance of conical implant-abutment connections under different cyclic loading conditions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 90:426-432. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Zipprich H, Weigl P, Ratka C, Lange B, Lauer HC. The micromechanical behavior of implant-abutment connections under a dynamic load protocol. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 20:814-823. [PMID: 30039915 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The implant-abutment connection (IAC) is known to be a key factor for the long-term stability of peri-implant tissue. PURPOSE The aim of the present in vitro study was to detect and measure the mechanical behavior of different IACs by X-ray imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 20 different implant systems with various implant dimensions and IACs (13 conical-, 6 flat-, and 1 gable-like IAC) have been tested using a chewing device simulating dynamic and static loading up to 200 N. Micromovements have been recorded with a high-resolution, high-speed X-ray camera, and gap length and gap width between implant and abutment have been calculated. Furthermore, X-ray video sequences have been recorded to investigate the sealing capacity of different IACs. RESULTS Out of the 20 implant systems, eight implant systems with a conical IAC showed no measurable gaps under static and dynamic loading (200 N). By contrast, all investigated implant systems with a flat IAC showed measurable gaps under dynamic and static loading. X-ray video sequences revealed that a representative conical IAC had sufficient sealing capacity. CONCLUSION Within the limits of the present in vitro study, X-ray imaging showed reduced formation of microgaps and consecutive micromovements in implants with conical IAC compared to flat IACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Zipprich
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Paul Weigl
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Ratka
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bodo Lange
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Lauer
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Wiest W, Rack A, Zabler S, Schaer A, Swain M, Nelson K. Validation of finite-element simulations with synchrotron radiography - A descriptive study of micromechanics in two-piece dental implants. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00524. [PMID: 29560445 PMCID: PMC5857615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
State-of-the art, two-piece dental implants made from titanium alloys exhibit a complex micromechanical behavior under dynamical load. Its understanding, especially the formation of microgaps, is of crucial importance in order to predict and improve the long-term performance of such implants. Microgap formation in a loaded dental implant with a conical implant-abutment connection can be studied and quantified by synchrotron radiography with micrometer accuracy. Due to the high costs and limited access to synchrotron radiation sources, alternative approaches are needed in order to depict the microgap formation. Therefore, synchrotron radiography is used in this article to validate a simple finite element model of an experimental conical implant design. Once validated, the model is in turn employed to systematically study the microgap formation developed in a variety of static load scenarios and the influence of the preload of abutment screw on the microgap formation. The size of the microgap in finite element analysis (FEA) simulations is consistent with that found in in-vitro experiments. Furthermore, the FE approach gives access to more information such as the von-Mises stresses. It is found that the influence of the abutment screw preload has only a minor effect on the microgap formation and local stress distribution. The congruence between FE simulations and in-vitro measurements at the micrometer scale underlines the validity and relevance of the simple FE method applied to study the micromovement of the abutment and the abutment screw preload in conical implant-abutment connections under load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Wiest
- Chair for X-Ray Microscopy, University Würzburg, Josef-Martin Weg 63, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Rack
- The European Synchrotron, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Simon Zabler
- Chair for X-Ray Microscopy, University Würzburg, Josef-Martin Weg 63, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alex Schaer
- Oral Reconstruction Foundation, Margarethenstrasse 38, 4053 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Swain
- Biomaterials Science, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katja Nelson
- Dept. of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universityclinic Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Stimmelmayr M, Groesser J, Beuer F, Erdelt K, Krennmair G, Sachs C, Edelhoff D, Güth JF. Accuracy and mechanical performance of passivated and conventional fabricated 3-unit fixed dental prosthesis on multi-unit abutments. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 61:403-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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