A Monte Carlo study of high-energy photon transport in matter: application for multiple scattering investigation in Compton spectroscopy

Electron momentum density of hexagonal Zn studied by high-resolution Compton scattering

High-resolution (0.12 a.u.) electron momentum density projections (Compton profiles) of a hexagonal Zn single crystal have been measured along five high-symmetry directions in reciprocal space. The experiment was performed with the use of 115.6 keV synchrotron radiation on the BL08W station at SPring-8. The quality of the measured Compton profiles is significantly better than that of previous medium- and high-resolution data. The experimental data were compared with the corresponding theoretical Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Some minor and major differences between the two theoretical band-structure calculations have been observed. However, the good quality experimental results indicate their better agreement with DFT.

Overview of the optical properties of fluorescent nanoparticles for optical imaging

Nanoparticles (NPs) include a wide group of small structures composed by very different materials and characterized by peculiar properties that make them suitable for many applications, especially imaging and drug delivery. In this overview, we focus on the optical properties of fluorescent NPs available for in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo preclinical studies and detectable with the optical imaging technique alone or in combination with microscopic confocal imaging. We summarize here the basic principles of the optical detection of fluorescent NPs, elucidating which are the current issues to be resolved and possible solutions to achieve the highest sensitivity and specificity for an unbiased analysis. So far NPs application in clinic is in evaluation due to safety questions still unaddressed but in the future they could dramatically improve both preclinical research and patient clinical care.

Temperature dependence of the hydrogen bond network in trimethylamine N-oxide and guanidine hydrochloride–water solutions

We present an X-ray Compton scattering study on aqueous trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and guanidine hydrochloride solutions (GdnHCl) as a function of temperature.

A flow cell for measuring X-ray Compton scattering of liquid at temperatures up to 623 K and pressures up to 20 MPa

A flow-type cell was developed for measuring Compton scattering spectra of heat-sensitive aqueous solution. Compton scattering spectra of water and ethanol were measured in the region from ambient conditions to 623 K and 20 MPa. Compton profiles derived from measurement with the flow-type cell were comparable with those in the literature. Results obtained from the flow-type cell showed that delocalization of electronic charge density of water and ethanol at high temperatures occurred. Delocalization of the electronic charge density of ethanol was greater than that of water at high temperature, which is consistent with the prior works that use proton NMR chemical shifts to describe hydrogen bonding.