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Burchert JP, Frohn J, Rölleke U, Bruns H, Yu B, Gleber SC, Stange R, Busse M, Osterhoff M, Salditt T, Köster S. X-ray phase-contrast tomography of cells manipulated with an optical stretcher. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2024; 31:923-935. [PMID: 38861370 PMCID: PMC11226146 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577524003618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
X-rays can penetrate deeply into biological cells and thus allow for examination of their internal structures with high spatial resolution. In this study, X-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography is combined with an X-ray-compatible optical stretcher and microfluidic sample delivery. Using this setup, individual cells can be kept in suspension while they are examined with the X-ray beam at a synchrotron. From the recorded holograms, 2D phase shift images that are proportional to the projected local electron density of the investigated cell can be calculated. From the tomographic reconstruction of multiple such projections the 3D electron density can be obtained. The cells can thus be studied in a hydrated or even living state, thus avoiding artifacts from freezing, drying or embedding, and can in principle also be subjected to different sample environments or mechanical strains. This combination of techniques is applied to living as well as fixed and stained NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts and the effect of the beam energy on the phase shifts is investigated. Furthermore, a 3D algebraic reconstruction scheme and a dedicated mathematical description is used to follow the motion of the trapped cells in the optical stretcher for multiple rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philipp Burchert
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells (MBExC)University of GöttingenGermany
| | - Jasper Frohn
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Ulrike Rölleke
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Hendrik Bruns
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Boram Yu
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Sophie-Charlotte Gleber
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | | | - Madleen Busse
- Biomedical Physics, School of ScienceTechnical University MunichBoltzmannstraße 1185748GarchingGermany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical EngineeringTechnical University MunichBoltzmannstraße 1185748GarchingGermany
| | - Markus Osterhoff
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells (MBExC)University of GöttingenGermany
| | - Sarah Köster
- Institute for X-ray PhysicsUniversity of GöttingenFriedrich-Hund-Platz 137077GöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells (MBExC)University of GöttingenGermany
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Husband RJ, Hagemann J, O'Bannon EF, Liermann HP, Glazyrin K, Sneed DT, Lipp MJ, Schropp A, Evans WJ, Jenei Z. Simultaneous imaging and diffraction in the dynamic diamond anvil cell. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:053903. [PMID: 35649806 DOI: 10.1063/5.0084480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ability to visualize a sample undergoing a pressure-induced phase transition allows for the determination of kinetic parameters, such as the nucleation and growth rates of the high-pressure phase. For samples that are opaque to visible light (such as metallic systems), it is necessary to rely on x-ray imaging methods for sample visualization. Here, we present an experimental platform developed at beamline P02.2 at the PETRA III synchrotron radiation source, which is capable of performing simultaneous x-ray imaging and diffraction of samples that are dynamically compressed in piezo-driven diamond anvil cells. This setup utilizes a partially coherent monochromatic x-ray beam to perform lensless phase contrast imaging, which can be carried out using either a parallel- or focused-beam configuration. The capabilities of this platform are illustrated by experiments on dynamically compressed Ga and Ar. Melting and solidification were identified based on the observation of solid/liquid phase boundaries in the x-ray images and corresponding changes in the x-ray diffraction patterns collected during the transition, with significant edge enhancement observed in the x-ray images collected using the focused-beam. These results highlight the suitability of this technique for a variety of purposes, including melt curve determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Husband
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Hagemann
- Center for X-ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - E F O'Bannon
- Physics Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, , Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H-P Liermann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Glazyrin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - D T Sneed
- Physics Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, , Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M J Lipp
- Physics Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, , Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Schropp
- Center for X-ray and Nano Science CXNS, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - W J Evans
- Physics Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, , Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Zs Jenei
- Physics Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, , Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Awel S, Bohne S, Ebrahimifard R, Trieu HK, Bajt S, Chapman HN. Optical bunching of particles in a liquid flow. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:34394-34410. [PMID: 34809231 DOI: 10.1364/oe.440173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-speed liquid micro-jets are used to rapidly and repeatedly deliver protein microcrystals to focused and pulsed X-ray beams in the method of serial femtosecond crystallography. However, the current continuous flow of crystals is mismatched to the arrival of X-ray pulses, wasting vast amounts of an often rare and precious sample. Here, we introduce a method to address this problem by periodically trapping and releasing crystals in the liquid flow, creating locally concentrated crystal bunches, using an optical trap integrated in the microfluidic supply line. We experimentally demonstrate a 30-fold increase of particle concentration into 10 Hz bunches of 6.4 μm diameter polystyrene particles. Furthermore, using particle trajectory simulations, a comprehensive description of the optical bunching process and parameter space is presented. Adding this compact optofluidics device to existing injection systems would thereby dramatically reduce sample consumption and extend the application of serial crystallography to a greater range of protein crystal systems that cannot be produced in high abundance. Our approach is suitable for other microfluidic systems that require synchronous measurements of flowing objects.
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Three-dimensional optical trapping and orientation of microparticles for coherent X-ray diffraction imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4018-4024. [PMID: 30765527 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720785116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical trapping has been implemented in many areas of physics and biology as a noncontact sample manipulation technique to study the structure and dynamics of nano- and mesoscale objects. It provides a unique approach for manipulating microscopic objects without inducing undesired changes in structure. Combining optical trapping with hard X-ray microscopy techniques, such as coherent diffraction imaging and crystallography, provides a nonperturbing environment where electronic and structural dynamics of an individual particle in solution can be followed in situ. It was previously shown that optical trapping allows the manipulation of micrometer-sized objects for X-ray fluorescence imaging. However, questions remain over the ability of optical trapping to position objects for X-ray diffraction measurements, which have stringent requirements for angular stability. Our work demonstrates that dynamic holographic optical tweezers are capable of manipulating single micrometer-scale anisotropic particles in a microfluidic environment with the precision and stability required for X-ray Bragg diffraction experiments-thus functioning as an "optical goniometer." The methodology can be extended to a variety of X-ray experiments and the Bragg coherent diffractive imaging of individual particles in solution, as demonstrated here, will be markedly enhanced with the advent of brighter, coherent X-ray sources.
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