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Cann I, Pereira GV, Abdel-Hamid AM, Kim H, Wefers D, Kayang BB, Kanai T, Sato T, Bernardi RC, Atomi H, Mackie RI. Thermophilic Degradation of Hemicellulose, a Critical Feedstock in the Production of Bioenergy and Other Value-Added Products. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e02296-19. [PMID: 31980431 PMCID: PMC7082577 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02296-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Renewable fuels have gained importance as the world moves toward diversifying its energy portfolio. A critical step in the biomass-to-bioenergy initiative is deconstruction of plant cell wall polysaccharides to their unit sugars for subsequent fermentation to fuels. To acquire carbon and energy for their metabolic processes, diverse microorganisms have evolved genes encoding enzymes that depolymerize polysaccharides to their carbon/energy-rich building blocks. The microbial enzymes mostly target the energy present in cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin, three major forms of energy storage in plants. In the effort to develop bioenergy as an alternative to fossil fuel, a common strategy is to harness microbial enzymes to hydrolyze cellulose to glucose for fermentation to fuels. However, the conversion of plant biomass to renewable fuels will require both cellulose and hemicellulose, the two largest components of the plant cell wall, as feedstock to improve economic feasibility. Here, we explore the enzymes and strategies evolved by two well-studied bacteria to depolymerize the hemicelluloses xylan/arabinoxylan and mannan. The sets of enzymes, in addition to their applications in biofuels and value-added chemical production, have utility in animal feed enzymes, a rapidly developing industry with potential to minimize adverse impacts of animal agriculture on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Cann
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gabriel V Pereira
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ahmed M Abdel-Hamid
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Heejin Kim
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel Wefers
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Applied Biosciences, Department of Food Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Boniface B Kayang
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Tamotsu Kanai
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
- JST, CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rafael C Bernardi
- NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Haruyuki Atomi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
- JST, CREST, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roderick I Mackie
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Microbiome Metabolic Engineering Theme, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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