1
|
Li HQ, Xu JY, Wu SS, Jin L. Molecular Insights into Water-Chloride and Water-Water Interactions in the Supramolecular Architecture of Aconine Hydrochloride Dihydrate. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11925-11941. [PMID: 38496984 PMCID: PMC10938397 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite the previous preparation of aconine hydrochloride monohydrate (AHM), accurate determination of the crystal's composition was hindered by severely disordered water molecules within the crystal. In this study, we successfully prepared a new dihydrate form of the aconine hydrochloride [C25H42NO9+Cl-·2(H2O), aconine hydrochloride dihydrate (AHD)] and accurately refined all water molecules within the AHD crystal. Our objective is to elucidate both water-chloride and water-water interactions in the AHD crystal. The crystal structure of AHD was determined at 136 K using X-ray diffraction and a multipolar atom model was constructed by transferring charge-density parameters to explore the topological features of key short contacts. By comparing the crystal structures of dihydrate and monohydrate forms, we have observed that both AHD and AHM exhibit identical aconine cations, except for variations in the number of water molecules present. In the AHD crystal, chloride anions and water molecules serve as pivotal connecting hubs to establish three-dimensional hydrogen bonding networks and one-dimensional hydrogen bonding chain; both water-chloride and water-water interactions assemble supramolecular architectures. The crystal packing of AHD exhibits a complete reversal in the stacking order compared to AHM, thereby emphasizing distinct disparities between them. Hirshfeld surface analysis reveals that H···Cl- and H···O contacts play a significant role in constructing the hydrogen bonding network and chain within these supramolecular architectures. Furthermore, topological analysis and electrostatic interaction energy confirm that both water-chloride and water-water interactions stabilize supramolecular architectures through electrostatic attraction facilitated by H···Cl- and H···O contacts. Importantly, these findings are strongly supported by the existing literature evidence. Consequently, navigating these water-chloride and water-water interactions is imperative for ensuring storage and safe processing of this pharmaceutical compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Li
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
- Mongolian
Medicine Laboratory, International Mongolian
Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yin Xu
- Mongolian
Pharmaceutical Preparation Center, International
Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Shan-Shan Wu
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Liang Jin
- State
Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People’s Republic
of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Modhave D, Barrios B, Iyer J, Paudel A. Influence of Crystal Disorder on the Forced Oxidative Degradation of Vortioxetine HBr. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 25:10. [PMID: 38158448 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the impact of the solid-state disorder of vortioxetine hydrobromide (HBr) on oxidative degradation under accelerated conditions. A range of solid-state disorders was generated via cryogenic ball milling. The solid-state properties were evaluated by calorimetry, infrared-, and Raman spectroscopies. While salt disproportionation occurred upon milling, no chemical degradation occurred by milling. The amorphous fraction remained physically intact under ambient storage conditions. Subsequently, samples with representative disordered fractions were mixed with a solid oxidative stressor (PVP-H2O2 complex) and were compressed to compacts. The compacts were exposed to 40°C/75% RH for up to 6 h. The sample was periodically withdrawn and analyzed for the physical transformations and degradation. Two oxidative degradation products (DPs) were found to be formed, for which dissimilar relations to the degree of disorder and kinetics of formation were observed. The degradation rate of the major DP formation obtained by fitting the exponential model to the experimental data was found to increase up to a certain degree of disorder and decrease with a further increase in the disordered fraction. In contrast, the minor DP formation kinetics was found to increase monotonically with the increase in the disorder content. For the similar crystallinity level, the degradation trend (rate and extent) differed between the single-phase disorder generated by milling and physically mixed two-phase systems. Overall, the study demonstrates the importance of evaluating the physical and chemical (in)stabilities of the disordered solid state of a salt form of a drug substance, generated through mechano-activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dattatray Modhave
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Brenda Barrios
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jayant Iyer
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bhadbhade MM, Gao J, Rich AM, Marjo CE. Structure of racemic duloxetine hydro-chloride. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:488-493. [PMID: 37151834 PMCID: PMC10162076 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023003353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Duloxetine hydro-chloride (trade name Cymbalta) is marketed as a single enanti-omer (S)-N-methyl-3-(naphthalen-1-yl-oxy)-3-(thio-phen-2-yl)propyl-am-in-ium chloride, C18H20NOS+·Cl-, which is twice as effective as the (R)-enanti-omer in serotonin uptake. Here, we report the crystal structure of duloxetine hydro-chloride in its racemic form (space group Pna21), where it shows significant differences in the mol-ecular conformation and packing in its extended structure compared to the previously reported (S)-enanti-omer crystal structure. Mol-ecules of this type, comprising aromatic groups with a single side chain terminated in a protonated secondary amine, are commonly found in active anti-depressants. A Cambridge Structural Database survey of mol-ecules with these features reveals a strong correlation between side-chain conformation and the crystal packing: an extended side chain leads to mol-ecules packed into separated layers of hydro-phobic and ionic hydro-philic phases. By comparison, mol-ecules with bent side chains, such as racemic duloxetine hydro-chloride, lead to crystal-packing motifs where an ionic hydro-philic phase is encapsulated within a hydro-phobic shell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan M. Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence e-mail:
| | - Jiabin Gao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Anne M. Rich
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, UNSW, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vortioxetine liposomes as a novel alternative to improve drug stability under stress conditions: toxicity studies and evaluation of antidepressant-like effect. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:969-981. [PMID: 36076124 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vortioxetine hydrobromide (VXT), a new therapeutic option in the treatment of major depressive disorder, is a poorly soluble drug, and instability under stress conditions has been reported. The aim of the present study was to prepare VXT liposomes (VXT-Ls) with an antidepressant-like effect, to improve drug stability and reduce toxicity of the free drug. METHODS Liposomes were prepared using the thin lipid film hydration method and properly characterized. Forced degradation studies were conducted in photolytic and oxidative conditions. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in VERO cells through MTT assay and in vivo toxicity was assessed in mice. The antidepressant-like effect in mice was confirmed using the open-field test paradigm and tail suspension test. RESULTS The optimized VXT-Ls have multilamellar vesicles with an average size of 176.74 nm ± 2.43. The liposomal formulation increased the stability of VXT. VERO cell viability was maintained at around 40% when the VXT-Ls were tested at higher concentrations and no signs of acute toxicity were observed in mice. The antidepressant-like effect was effective, for VXT-Ls, at doses ranging from 2.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, measured by the tail suspension test in mice. The non-liposomal formulation was effective at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The open field test was performed and any unspecific changes in locomotor activity were revealed. CONCLUSIONS Liposomes seem to be a promising alternative for an oral VXT formulation at lower doses (2.5 mg/kg).
Collapse
|
5
|
Pharmaceutical salt hydrates of vortioxetine with maleic acid and fumaric acid: Crystal structures, characterisation and solubility performance. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Du R, Xu J, Li J, Zhang L, Ning L, Li S. Pharmaceutical salt and salt hydrates of vortioxetine with sulfonic acid to ameliorate the solubility and hygroscopicity via the charge-assisted hydrogen bond assembly. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05052k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Salt forms of vortioxetine (VOT) with three sulfonic acids have been designed and prepared in 1 : 1 stoichiometry ratio, and their crystal structures and physicochemical properties have also been characterized in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongkai Du
- MOE International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Research Institute for Family Planning
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- MOE International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Ning
- National Research Institute for Family Planning
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- MOE International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li HQ, Xu JY, Gao YY, Jin L, Chen JM, Chen FZ. Supramolecular structure, in vivo biological activities and molecular-docking-based potential cardiotoxic exploration of aconine hydrochloride monohydrate as a novel salt form. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2020; 76:208-224. [PMID: 32831223 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520620001250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high profile of aconine in WuTou injection, there has been no preparative technology or structural studies of its salt as the pharmaceutical product. The lack of any halide salt forms is surprising as aconine contains a tertiary nitrogen atom. In this work, aconine was prepared from the degradation of aconitine in Aconiti kusnezoffii radix (CaoWu). A green chemistry technique was applied to enrich the lipophilic-poor aconine. Reaction of aconine with hydrochloride acid resulted in protonation of the nitrogen atom and gave a novel salt form (C25H42NO9+·Cl-·H2O; aconine hydrochloride monohydrate, AHM), whose cation in the crystal structure was elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The AHM crystal had a Z' = 3 structure with three independent cation-anion pairs, with profound conformational differences among the aconine cations. The central framework of each aconine cation was compared with that of previously reported aconitine, proving that protonation of the nitrogen atom induced the structure rearrangement. In the crystal of AHM, aconine cations, chloride anions and water molecules interacted through inter-species O-H...Cl and O-H...O hydrogen bonds; this complex hydrogen-bonding network stabilizes the supramolecular structure. The seriously disordered solvent molecules were treated using the PLATON SQUEEZE procedure [Spek (2015). Acta Cryst. C71, 9-18] and their atoms were therefore omitted from the refinement. Bioactivity studies indicated that AHM promoted in vitro proliferative activities of RAW264.7 cells. Molecular docking suggested AHM could target cardiotoxic protein through the hydrogen-bonding interactions. The structural confirmation of AHM offers a rational approach for improving the pharmaceutical technology of WuTou injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Qing Li
- State Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, No. 83, Da Xue East Road, Sai Han District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yin Xu
- Mongolian Pharmaceutical Preparation Center, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan Gao
- State Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, No. 83, Da Xue East Road, Sai Han District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Clinical Trial Institution of New Drugs, International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia, No. 83, Da Xue East Road, Sai Han District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Greenpure Biopharma Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 614041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan 614004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Isomorphous Crystals Formed by the Similar Supramolecular Motifs in Sorafenib Hydrochloride and Regorafenib Hydrochloride Salts. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib and regorafenib (or fluoro-sorafenib) are multikinase inhibitors active in the treatment of various human cancers, but their solubilities are very poor. To improve their solubilities, in this study, sorafenib hydrochloride (Sor·HCl, I) and regorafenib hydrochloride (Reg·HCl, II) have been prepared and their crystal structures were characterized. Their solubility properties in water were evaluated. Intriguingly, they are isomorphous crystal structures with the same space group and the similar unit cell dimensions, which were caused by the similar supramolecular patterns resulted by the formation of N–H···Cl− hydrogen bond instead of hydrogen bond between the protonated pyridinium cation and counterion. Moreover, the solubility properties displayed identical profiles. It may be concluded that a similar crystal structure leads to a comparable solubility profile.
Collapse
|
9
|
Investigations on the Solubility of Vortioxetine Based on X-ray Structural Data and Crystal Contacts. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Investigation on the solid-state pharmaceutical chemistry has been known as an intriguing strategy to not only modify the physicochemical properties of drugs but also expand the solid form landscape. Vortioxetine (VOT) is an effective but poorly soluble antidepressant. To improve the solubility of vortioxetine and expand possible solid forms, in this paper, four novel solid forms of vortioxetine with dihydroxybenzoic acids (VOT-23BA, VOT-24BA-TOL, VOT-25BA, and VOT-26BA, 23BA = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 24BA = 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 25BA = 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 26BA = 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and TOL = toluene) were synthesized first by a solvent evaporation method and then characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), thermal, and XRD techniques. VOT-24BA-TOL, VOT-25BA, and VOT-26BA, showed similar [2+2] tetrameric R 4 4 (12) hydrogen bonds by acid-piperazine heterosynthon. In the VOT-23BA-H2O salt, the VOT cation and 23BA anion interacted through protonated piperazine-hydroxyl N-H···O hydrogen bonds, not protonated piperazine-deprotonated carboxylic acid N-H···O hydrogen bonds. Solubility studies were carried out in purified water and it was found that the VOT-23BA-H2O, VOT-25BA, and VOT-26BA salts exhibited an increase in water compared to pure VOT. The solubility of the stabilized salt formations followed the order of VOT-25BA > VOT-26BA > VOT-23BA-H2O in purified water.
Collapse
|
10
|
Improved Solubility of Vortioxetine Using C2-C4 Straight-Chain Dicarboxylic Acid Salt Hydrates. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8090352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to improve the solubility of vortioxetine by crystal engineering principles. In this paper, three C2-C4 straight-chain dicarboxylic acid salt hydrates of vortioxetine (VOT-OA, VOT-MA-H2O, and VOT-SUA-H2O, VOT = vortioxetine, OA = Oxalic acid, MA = malonic acid, SUA = succinic acid) were synthesized and characterized by single X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. The single crystal structure of three salts reveals that vortioxetine has torsional flexibility, which can encourage VOT to allow combination with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids through N+-H···O hydrogen bonds. The solubility of all salts exhibits a dramatic increase in distilled water, especially for VOT-MA-H2O salt, where it shows the highest solubility, by 96-fold higher compared with pure vortioxetine.
Collapse
|
11
|
Meloun M, Pilařová L, Čápová A, Pekárek T. The Overlapping Thermodynamic Dissociation Constants of the Antidepressant Vortioxetine Using UV–VIS Multiwavelength pH-Titration Data. J SOLUTION CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-018-0757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|