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Stability and Antibiotic Potency Improvement of Levofloxacin by Producing New Salts with 2,6- and 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid and Their Comprehensive Structural Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010124. [PMID: 36678753 PMCID: PMC9861140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, solid-state engineering has become a promising approach to improving the stability and potency of antibiotics. Levofloxacin (LF) is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic marketed in solid and solution dosage forms. However, this substance forms solid hydrates under ambient conditions and degrades due to lighting, which may change its solid properties and dose. In addition, resistance cases have been reported due to long-time antibiotic usage. This research aims to allow LF to react with antioxidant dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA), which has low antimicrobial activity, to produce a more stable compound under water and lighting conditions and improve LF's potency. The experiment begins with a screening to select potential DHBA isomers that can react with LF and predict the stoichiometric ratio using phase diagrams, which show that 2,6-DHBA and 3,5-DHBA are prospective antioxidants that can react with LF in a (1:1) molar ratio. Multicomponent systems are prepared by dissolving the LF-DHBA mixture in (1:1) ethanol-methanol (95% grade) and evaporating it. Then, the new solid phase formation is confirmed by thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffractometry. Next, infrared spectrophotometry and neutron magnetic resonance analyses are used to identify the LF-DHBA's interactions. Finally, single-crystal X-ray diffractometry is used to solve the three-dimensional structure of the multicomponent system. We then conduct a hygroscopicity and stability test followed by a lighting and potency test using the microdilution method. Our data reveal that both reactions produce salts, which are named LF-26 and LF-35, respectively. Structurally, LF-26 is found in an anhydrous form with a triclinic crystal packing, while LF-35 is a hemihydrate in a monoclinic system. Afterward, both salts are proven more stable regarding water adsorption and UV lighting than LF. Finally, both multicomponent systems have an approximately two-fold higher antibiotic potency than LF. LF-26 and LF-35 are suitable for further development in solid and liquid dosage formulations, especially LF-35, which has superior stability compared with LF-26.
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Salem A, Khanfar E, Nagy S, Széchenyi A. Cocrystals of tuberculosis antibiotics: Challenges and missed opportunities. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121924. [PMID: 35738333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cocrystals have been extensively used to improve the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Cocrystals of anti-tuberculosis medications are among those commonly reported. This review provides a summary of the tuberculosis antibiotic cocrystals reported in the literature, providing the main results on current tuberculosis medications utilized in cocrystals. Moreover, anti-tuberculosis cocrystals limitations and advantages are described, including evidence for enhanced solubility, stability and effect. Opportunities to enhance anti-tuberculosis medications and fixed dose combinations using cocrystals are given. Several cocrystal pairs are suggested to enhance the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ala' Salem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Esam Khanfar
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sándor Nagy
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Zhang J, Liang Z, Yang F, JI S, Lan P, Liao YX. Unique sandwich structure of pyrazinamide-methylmalonic acid cocrystal:ternary phase diagrams, characterization and property evaluation. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01609a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pyrazinamide (PZA)-Methylmalonic acid (MMA) cocrystal was prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Hirshfeld surface...
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Mary YS, Mary YS, Krátký M, Vinsova J, Baraldi C, Cristina Gamberini M. Concentration dependent SERS, DFT and molecular docking studies of a ureido derivative with antitubercular properties. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 249:119329. [PMID: 33360209 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic analysis, density functional theory (DFT) studies and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of antimycobactetial 4-[3-(4-acetylphenyl)ureido]-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (AUHB) have been studied on different silver sols. For Raman and SERS wavenumbers, very large changes are observed. Observed variations in the modes of ring may be due to surface π-electron interactions and presence of this indicated that poly substituted ring is more inclined than para substituted phenyl ring and assumes a inclined position for concentration 10-3 M. Changes in orientation are seen in SERS spectra depending on concentration. In order to find electron-rich and poor sites of AUHB, molecular electrostatic potential was also constructed. The molecular docking results show that binding affinity and interactions with the receptor DprE1 may be supporting evidence for further studies in design further AUHB pharmaceutical applications. Based on antitubercular activity of 4-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and urea derivatives we designed, synthesized and investigated mutual PAS-urea derivatives as potential antimycobacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sheena Mary
- Researcher, Thushara, Neethinagar-64, Kollam, Kerala, India.
| | - Y Shyma Mary
- Researcher, Thushara, Neethinagar-64, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Martin Krátký
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Vinsova
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Cecilia Baraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Gamberini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via G. Campi 103 41125, Modena, Italy
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Gundlapalli S, Devarapalli R, Mudda RR, Chennuru R, Rupakula R. Novel solid forms of insomnia drug suvorexant with improved solubility and dissolution: accessing salts from a salt solvate route. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01269j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Suvorexant (SRX) is a dual orexin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gundlapalli
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Devarapalli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741 246, India
| | - Ramesh Reddy Mudda
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Ramanaiah Chennuru
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ravichandrababu Rupakula
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Batisai E. Multicomponent crystals of anti-tuberculosis drugs: a mini-review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:37134-37141. [PMID: 35521272 PMCID: PMC9057164 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06478e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Some of the early research on TB treatment indicated drug resistance as one of the key challenges in fighting this disease. The discovery that administering two or more drugs simultaneously could lead to much more effective treatment, with reduced drug resistance and shorter periods of chemotherapy, was, therefore, a very significant breakthrough in TB drug research. Pursuant to this discovery, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended TB treatment employing fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) containing first line anti-TB drugs; rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, streptomycin and ethambutol. Regardless, certain challenges associated with FDCs remain and these include chemical instability and reduced bioavailability of rifampicin. Therefore, some research effort has been directed towards finding ways to deal with these challenges. One such effort involves the use of pharmaceutical co-crystals of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Consequently, several pharmaceutical co-crystals of isoniazid and pyrazinamide have been reported. This paper aims at reviewing the multicomponent crystal structures of two first-line anti-TB drugs; isoniazid and pyrazinamide. The review will first set out a brief history of the disease, milestones in TB chemotherapy and the challenges associated with current treatment regimens. This will then be followed by a brief introduction to pharmaceutical co-crystals and how they can improve the physical and chemical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Secondly, multicomponent crystals of the two active pharmaceutical ingredients will be analysed by manual inspection for common supramolecular synthons between the drug molecules as well as between drug molecules and co-formers. Lastly; stability, solubility and dissolution experiments carried out on the pharmaceutical co-crystals of pyrazinamide and isoniazid will be analysed to gain insights into progress made with regards to improving stability and solubility of the active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustina Batisai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Venda P. Bag X5050 Thohoyandou 0920 South Africa
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Aitipamula S, Das S. Cocrystal formulations: A case study of topical formulations consisting of ferulic acid cocrystals. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sarmah KK, Nath N, Rao DR, Thakuria R. Mechanochemical synthesis of drug–drug and drug–nutraceutical multicomponent solids of olanzapine. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01504c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug–drug and drug–nutraceutical multicomponent solids of an antipsychotic drug olanzapine (OLN) are prepared using mechanochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilamoni Nath
- Department of Chemistry
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati 781014
- India
| | | | - Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati 781014
- India
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Thakuria R, Arhangelskis M, Eddleston MD, Chow EHH, Sarmah KK, Aldous BJ, Krzyzaniak JF, Jones W. Cocrystal Dissociation under Controlled Humidity: A Case Study of Caffeine–Glutaric Acid Cocrystal Polymorphs. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Thakuria
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Mihails Arhangelskis
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Mark D. Eddleston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Ernest H. H. Chow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | | | - Barry J. Aldous
- Antiva Biosciences, Inc., 6000 Shoreline Court, Suite 203, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph F. Krzyzaniak
- The Pfizer Institute for Pharmaceutical Materials Science, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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Gołdyn M, Larowska D, Nowak W, Bartoszak-Adamska E. Synthon hierarchy in theobromine cocrystals with hydroxybenzoic acids as coformers. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystals, solids composed of molecular and/or ionic compounds connected by noncovalent interactions, are objects of interest in crystal engineering. Theobromine, as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, was used in cocrystallization with dihydroxybenzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gołdyn
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Daria Larowska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
| | - Weronika Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Adam Mickiewicz University
- 61-614 Poznań
- Poland
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Nechipadappu SK, Trivedi DR. Cocrystal of nutraceutical sinapic acid with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ethenzamide and 2-chloro-4-Nitrobenzoic acid: Equilibrium solubility and stability study. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Drug‑Drug and Drug‑Nutraceutical Cocrystal/Salt as Alternative Medicine for Combination Therapy: A Crystal Engineering Approach. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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