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Flores-Ibarra A, Vértesy S, Medrano FJ, Gabius HJ, Romero A. Crystallization of a human galectin-3 variant with two ordered segments in the shortened N-terminal tail. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9835. [PMID: 29959397 PMCID: PMC6026190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among members of the family of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins, galectin-3 (Gal-3) bears a unique modular architecture. A N-terminal tail (NT) consisting of the N-terminal segment (NTS) and nine collagen-like repeats is linked to the canonical lectin domain. In contrast to bivalent proto- and tandem-repeat-type galectins, Gal-3 is monomeric in solution, capable to self-associate in the presence of bi- to multivalent ligands, and the NTS is involved in cellular compartmentalization. Since no crystallographic information on Gal-3 beyond the lectin domain is available, we used a shortened variant with NTS and repeats VII-IX. This protein crystallized as tetramers with contacts between the lectin domains. The region from Tyr101 (in repeat IX) to Leu114 (in the CRD) formed a hairpin. The NTS extends the canonical β-sheet of F1-F5 strands with two new β-strands on the F face. Together, crystallographic and SAXS data reveal a mode of intramolecular structure building involving the highly flexible Gal-3’s NT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Flores-Ibarra
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabine Vértesy
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstrabe 13, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco J Medrano
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstrabe 13, 80539, Munich, Germany.
| | - Antonio Romero
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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García Caballero G, Flores-Ibarra A, Michalak M, Khasbiullina N, Bovin NV, André S, Manning JC, Vértesy S, Ruiz FM, Kaltner H, Kopitz J, Romero A, Gabius HJ. Galectin-related protein: An integral member of the network of chicken galectins 1. From strong sequence conservation of the gene confined to vertebrates to biochemical characteristics of the chicken protein and its crystal structure. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2285-97. [PMID: 27268118 PMCID: PMC7127388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel García Caballero
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Flores-Ibarra
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Malwina Michalak
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Medical School of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nailya Khasbiullina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim C Manning
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Vértesy
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Federico M Ruiz
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, Medical School of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonio Romero
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
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Ippel H, Miller MC, Vértesy S, Zheng Y, Cañada FJ, Suylen D, Umemoto K, Romanò C, Hackeng T, Tai G, Leffler H, Kopitz J, André S, Kübler D, Jiménez-Barbero J, Oscarson S, Gabius HJ, Mayo KH. Intra- and intermolecular interactions of human galectin-3: assessment by full-assignment-based NMR. Glycobiology 2016; 26:888-903. [PMID: 26911284 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is an adhesion/growth-regulatory protein with a modular design comprising an N-terminal tail (NT, residues 1-111) and the conserved carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD, residues 112-250). The chimera-type galectin interacts with both glycan and peptide motifs. Complete (13)C/(15)N-assignment of the human protein makes NMR-based analysis of its structure beyond the CRD possible. Using two synthetic NT polypeptides covering residues 1-50 and 51-107, evidence for transient secondary structure was found with helical conformation from residues 5 to 15 as well as proline-mediated, multi-turn structure from residues 18 to 32 and around PGAYP repeats. Intramolecular interactions occur between the CRD F-face (the 5-stranded β-sheet behind the canonical carbohydrate-binding 6-stranded β-sheet of the S-face) and NT in full-length galectin-3, with the sequence P(23)GAW(26)…P(37)GASYPGAY(45) defining the primary binding epitope within the NT. Work with designed peptides indicates that the PGAX motif is crucial for self-interactions between NT/CRD. Phosphorylation at position Ser6 (and Ser12) (a physiological modification) and the influence of ligand binding have minimal effect on this interaction. Finally, galectin-3 molecules can interact weakly with each other via the F-faces of their CRDs, an interaction that appears to be assisted by their NTs. Overall, our results add insight to defining binding sites on galectin-3 beyond the canonical contact area for β-galactosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sabine Vértesy
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Yi Zheng
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, 130024 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dennis Suylen
- Department of Biochemistry and CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kimiko Umemoto
- Department of Chemistry, International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cecilia Romanò
- Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tilman Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry and CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Guihua Tai
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, 130024 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Microbiology, Immunology, Glycobiology Section, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Institute of Pathology, Applied Tumor Biology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine André
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Kübler
- Mechanismen Biomolekularer Interaktionen, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technological Park, 48160 Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Science Foundation, 28009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Stefan Oscarson
- Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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