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Jiang H, Liu X, Xiao P, Wang Y, Xie Q, Wu X, Ding H. Functional insights of plant bcl-2-associated ahanogene (BAG) proteins: Multi-taskers in diverse cellular signal transduction pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136873. [PMID: 37056491 PMCID: PMC10086319 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) gene family is a highly conserved molecular chaperone cofactor in evolution from yeast to humans and plants playing important roles in a variety of signal pathways. Plant BAG proteins have special structures, especially those containing CaM-binding IQ motifs which are unique to plants. While early studies focused more on the structure and physiological function of plant BAGs, recent studies have revealed many novel functional mechanisms involved in multiple cellular processes. How to achieve signal specificity has become an interesting topic of plant BAG research. In this review, we have provided a historic view of plant BAG research and summarized recent advances in the establishment of BAG as essential components in normal plant growth, environmental stress response, and plant immunity. Based on the relationship between BAG proteins and their newly interacting proteins, this review highlights the functional mechanisms of various cellular signals mediated by plant BAGs. Future work needs to focus on the post-translational modification of BAG proteins, and on understanding how specificity is achieved among BAG signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Peixiang Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Xie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, China
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Gu L, Hou B, Chen X, Wang Y, Chang P, He X, Gong D, Sun Q. The Bcl-2-associated athanogene gene family in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) and the function of NtBAG5 in leaf senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1108588. [PMID: 36844065 PMCID: PMC9947661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence in tobacco is closely related to leaf maturation and secondary metabolites. Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family members are highly conserved proteins and play key roles in senescence, growth and development, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Herein, the BAG family of tobacco was identified and characterized. In total, 19 tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and divided into two classes, class I comprising NtBAG1a-e, NtBAG3a-b, and NtBAG4a-c and class II including NtBAG5a-e, NtBAG6a-b, and NtBAG7. Genes in the same subfamily or branch of the phylogenetic tree exhibited similarities in gene structure and the cis-element on promoters. RNA-seq and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that the expression of NtBAG5c-f and NtBAG6a-b was upregulated in senescent leaves, implying that they play a role in regulating leaf senescence. NtBAG5c was localized in the nucleus and cell wall as a homology of leaf senescence related gene AtBAG5. Further, the interaction of NtBAG5c with heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and sHSP20 was demonstrated using yeast two-hybrid experiment. Virus-induced gene silencing indicated that NtBAG5c reduced the lignin content and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. In NtBAG5c-silenced plants, the expression of multiple senescence-related genes cysteine proteinase (NtCP1), SENESCENCE 4 (SEN4) and SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 12 (SAG12) was downregulated. In conclusion, tobacco BAG protein candidate genes were identified and characterized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxin Gu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Hou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Pingan Chang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
| | - Daping Gong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data for Bio Intelligence, College of Bioinformation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nan'an, Chongqing, China
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Née G, Tilak P, Finkemeier I. A Versatile Workflow for the Identification of Protein-Protein Interactions Using GFP-Trap Beads and Mass Spectrometry-Based Label-Free Quantification. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2139:257-271. [PMID: 32462592 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0528-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein functions often rely on protein-protein interactions. Hence, knowledge about the protein interaction network is essential for an understanding of protein functions and plant physiology. A major challenge of the postgenomic era is the mapping of protein-protein interaction networks. This chapter describes a mass spectrometry-based label-free quantification approach to identify in vivo protein interaction networks. The procedure starts with the extraction of intact protein complexes from transgenic plants expressing the protein of interest fused to a GFP-Tag (bait-GFP), as well as plants expressing a free GFP as background control. Enrichment of the GFP-tagged protein together with its interaction partners, as well as the free GFP, is performed by immunoaffinity purification. The pull-down quality can be evaluated by simple gel-based techniques. In parallel, the captured proteins are trypsin-digested and relatively quantified by label-free mass spectrometry-based quantification. The relative quantification approach largely relies on the normalization of protein abundances of background-binding proteins, which occur in both bait-GFP and free GFP pull-downs. Therefore, relative quantification of the protein pull-down is superior over methods that solely rely on protein identifications and removal of often copurified high-abundance proteins from the bait-GFP pull-downs, which might remove real interaction partners. A further strength of this method is that it can be applied to any soluble GFP-tagged protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Née
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Priyadarshini Tilak
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Iris Finkemeier
- Plant Physiology, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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