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Taghizadeh Shool M, Amiri Rudbari H, Gil-Antón T, Cuevas-Vicario JV, García B, Busto N, Moini N, Blacque O. The effect of halogenation of salicylaldehyde on the antiproliferative activities of {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy) 2(X,Y-sal)]BF 4} complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7658-7672. [PMID: 35510940 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are widely used in biological fields, due to their physico-chemical and photophysical properties. In this paper, a series of new chiral Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes (1-5) with the general formula {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy)2(X,Y-sal)]BF4} (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl; X,Y-sal = 5-bromosalicylaldehyde (1), 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde (2), 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde (3), 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde (4) and 3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylaldehy (5)) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. Also, the structures of complexes 1 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystallography; these results showed that the central Ru atom adopts a distorted octahedral coordination sphere with two bpy and one halogen-substituted salicylaldehyde. DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been performed to explain the excited states of these complexes. The singlet states with higher oscillator strength are correlated with the absorption signals and are mainly described as 1MLCT from the ruthenium centre to the bpy ligands. The lowest triplet states (T1) are described as 3MLCT from the ruthenium center to the salicylaldehyde ligand. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the observed unstructured band at around 520 nm for complexes 2, 4 and 5. Biological studies on human cancer cells revealed that dihalogenated ligands endow the Ru(II) complexes with enhanced cytotoxicity compared to monohalogenated ligands. In addition, as far as the type of halogen is concerned, bromine is the halogen that provides the highest cytotoxicity to the synthesized complexes. All complexes induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and apoptosis, but only complexes bearing Br are able to provoke an increase in intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Tania Gil-Antón
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain. .,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Burgos, Hospital Militar, Paseo de los Comendadores, s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, P.O. Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran, Iran
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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Yaman M, Aydemir E, Dege N, Agar E, Iskenderov TS. Synthesis, crystallographic analysis and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4-bromo-2-{[2-(5-bromo-2-nitro-phen-yl)hydrazin-1-yl-idene]meth-yl}-5-fluoro-phenol. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2018; 74:1628-1632. [PMID: 30443395 PMCID: PMC6218898 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989018014627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C13H8Br2FN3O3, is nearly planar with a dihedral angle of 10.6 (4)° between the two benzene rings. Intra-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds occur. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds. The roles of the inter-molecular inter-actions in the crystal packing were clarified using Hirshfeld surface analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mavise Yaman
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, 55139, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ercan Aydemir
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
- Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs , 11th Regional Directorate, 55030, Ilkadım-Samsun, Turkey
| | - Necmi Dege
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, 55139, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Erbil Agar
- Ondokuz Mayıs University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Turganbay S. Iskenderov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64, Vladimirska Str., Kiev 01601, Ukraine
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