Psychometric development and validation of attitude rating scale towards women empowerment: across male and female university population in Pakistan

The Role of Micro Waqf Bank in Women’s Micro-Business Empowerment through Islamic Social Finance: Mixed-Method Evidence from Mawaridussalam Indonesia

This study examined the role of the Micro Waqf Bank in empowering women micro-entrepreneurs. This research used a mixed-method with an explanatory design. Quantitatively, this study examines the effect of the joint responsibility system, financing, and mentoring on the growth of the micro-enterprises business. The sample used was 200 women micro-entrepreneurs using a purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Model based on Partial Least Squares (SEM PLS) technique. This research qualitatively analyzes how the Micro Waqf Bank has carried out its role in empowering women, including dealing with crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic analysis was used as the qualitative data analysis technique. Informants in this study amounted to 6 informants from MWB Mawaridussalam consisting of Management, Mentors, and female micro-enterprises. The research results quantitatively indicate that there is a positive and significant impact on the joint responsibility system, financing, and mentoring on the development of micro-enterprise members. Mentoring is the most significant variable that impacts the growth of a micro-enterprise business. Qualitatively, the research results show the role of the Micro Waqf Bank in the economic empowerment of women micro-business entrepreneurs by specifically recommending reinforcement of the mentoring function.

Validity and Reliability of the Urdu Version of the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder

Introduction: Although the translation and the validation of the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD) are performed in various languages and samples, no study has established the validity and reliability of the Urdu version of MSI-BPD in individuals with cardiac problems. Materials and Methods: The Urdu version of the MSI-BPD was prepared through the standard back-translation method. The translation and adaption were completed in four steps: forward translation, adaption and translation, back translation and committee approach, and cross-language validation. The sample, selected through the purposive sampling method, comprised of 150 adults with cardiac problems (men = 75 and women = 75), with an age range of 23-78 years (M = 55, SD = 10.6). The Cronbach alpha reliability and factorial validity of the MSI-BPD were assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Pearson correlation analyses. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability (at 2 weeks' interval) were used to evaluate the reliability. Statistical analyses were performed, using SPSS (version 22) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) software. Results: Preliminary analysis revealed that the overall instrument had good internal consistency (Urdu MSI-BPD α = 0.79; English MSI-BPD α = 0.77) as well as test-retest correlation coefficients for 15 days (r = 0.94). Conclusions: Findings suggested that the MSI-BPD, with important limitations, can be used as an effective preliminary screening tool to measure BPD in Urdu-speaking adults with cardiac problems. Further validations should be conducted to make the translated version of the MSI-BPD an appropriate tool to screen BPD in hospitals and mental health care settings.

[Validation of the Spanish version of Feminism and the Women's Movement Scale in university students]

OBJECTIVE

There is strong evidence that individuals' feminist orientation is a significant predictor of gender-based violence awareness and capability to intervene. The objective of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the Feminism and the Women's Movement Scale (FWMS) that assesses the feminist orientation.

METHOD

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, administering the FWMS to 407 university students of Health Sciences and Social Work. A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out and the adjustment of the model was examined through confirmatory factor analysis, analyzing structural equations.

RESULTS

The results revealed Cronbach's alpha=0.869 and KMO=0.923; Bartlett <0.001. The factorial model found a sole factor that merged the 10 items into a latent variable called feminist movement and explained 99.15% of the total variance. The factorial model yielded one factor that explained 99.15% of the variance. The factorial loads of the items exceeded 0.837.

CONCLUSIONS

These results confirm the validity of the Spanish version of FWMS questionnaire.