Synthesis, application and antibacterial activity of new reactive dyes based on thiazole moiety

A Review of Chitosan and Chitosan Nanofiber: Preparation, Characterization, and Its Potential Applications

Chitosan is produced by deacetylating the abundant natural chitin polymer. It has been employed in a variety of applications due to its unique solubility as well as its chemical and biological properties. In addition to being biodegradable and biocompatible, it also possesses a lot of reactive amino side groups that allow for chemical modification and the creation of a wide range of useful derivatives. The physical and chemical characteristics of chitosan, as well as how it is used in the food, environmental, and medical industries, have all been covered in a number of academic publications. Chitosan offers a wide range of possibilities in environmentally friendly textile processes because of its superior absorption and biological characteristics. Chitosan has the ability to give textile fibers and fabrics antibacterial, antiviral, anti-odor, and other biological functions. One of the most well-known and frequently used methods to create nanofibers is electrospinning. This technique is adaptable and effective for creating continuous nanofibers. In the field of biomaterials, new materials include nanofibers made of chitosan. Numerous medications, including antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, proteins, and analgesics for inflammatory pain, have been successfully loaded onto electro-spun nanofibers, according to recent investigations. Chitosan nanofibers have several exceptional qualities that make them ideal for use in important pharmaceutical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, wound dressing, and enzyme immobilization. The preparation of chitosan nanofibers, followed by a discussion of the biocompatibility and degradation of chitosan nanofibers, followed by a description of how to load the drug into the nanofibers, are the first issues highlighted by this review of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery applications. The main uses of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery systems will be discussed last.

Free Salt Dyeing by Treatment of Cotton Fabric Using Carboxyethyl Chitosan and Synthesized Direct Dyes to Enhance Dyeing Properties and Antibacterial Activity

AIM

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize and characterize two new direct dyes based on chromenes derivatives.

BACKGROUND

The synthesis of carboxyethyl chitosan (CECS) by the reaction of chitosan and acrylic acid via Michael's addition reaction was conducted. Cotton fabrics were treated with CECS to enhance the exhaustion of dye, fastness properties, and antimicrobial activity of dyed fabric.

METHODS

Chitosan (CS) and acrylic acid were combined in Michael's addition process to successfully produce N-carboxyethylchitosan (CECS). Then, the cotton was treated with different concentrations of carboxyethyl chitosan (0.5-5 wt.%) and then dyed by synthesized mono azo and diazo direct dyes based on chromene derivatives.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The results regarding dyeing and antibacterial activity indicated highquality dyeing properties, However, direct dyes showed higher exhaustion and fixation values, fastness properties, and the colorimetric CIE L*a*b* C*h° data of the dyed cotton fabric.

CONCLUSION

Cotton fabrics treated with carboxyethyl chitosan and dyed with direct dyes were found to have higher antibacterial activity upon a concentration of 2.5 wt.%. In addition, the antibacterial activity towards Gram-positive bacteria was reported to be more than Gram-negative bacteria.

Potential Nitrogen-Based Heterocyclic Compounds for Treating Infectious Diseases: A Literature Review

Heterocyclic compounds are considered as one of the major and most diverse family of organic compounds. Nowadays, the demand for these compounds is increasing day-by-day due to their enormous synthetic and biological applications. These heterocyclic compounds have unique antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. This review covers the antibacterial activity of different heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen moiety. Some of the derivatives of these compounds show excellent antibacterial activity, while others show reasonable activity against bacterial strains. This review paper aims to bring and discuss the detailed information on the antibacterial activity of various nitrogen-based heterocyclic compounds. It will be helpful for the future evolution of diseases to synthesize new and effective drug molecules.

Enhancement of Antimicrobial and Dyeing Properties of Cellulosic Fabrics via Chitosan Nanoparticles

The primary goal of this study is to prepare chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) by the ionic gelation method via the treatment of chitosan (0.2 wt.%) with tripolyphosphate (0.2 wt.%) ultrasonically for 45 min. FT-IR spectroscopy and TEM images were used to characterize and validate CSNP production. Cellulosic materials with different concentrations of CSNPs have better antibacterial and colouring characteristics. The treated cellulosic fabrics were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis. Colourimetric data measurements expressed in K/S values were used to evaluate the impact of CSNPs on the dyeing affinity of cellulosic materials. In addition, antibacterial activity against bacteria and fungi was tested on the treated cellulosic fabrics. According to the K/S values, cellulosic textiles treated with CSNPs (0.3 wt.%) had a better affinity for acid dyeing. These textiles also offer better antibacterial properties and are more resistant to washing, light, and rubbing. A cytotoxicity study found that CSNPs give cellulosic materials antibacterial and acid dyeing properties, which is good for the environment.

Synthesis, Application and Antimicrobial Activity of New Acid Dyes Based on 3-Amino-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone Nucleus on Wool and Silk Fabrics

Abstract:

The dyes are synthesized by 3-Amino-2-thioxo-4thiazolidinone (N-Amino rhodanine) with glutaraldehyde or terephthalaldehyde by 2:1 mole to form a and b then coupled with diazonium salts p-Amino benzenesulfonic acid and 4-Amino 3,4-disulfoazobenzeneazobenzene by 2:1 to form new different bis-mono-azo a1 and b1 and diazo a2 and b2 acid dyes. Therefore, the synthesized dyes were applied to both silk and wool fabric materials. We also evaluated the antimicrobial susceptivity of these dyed fabrics to two model gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Further, the chemical composition of these dyes is emphasized by an elemental analysis.

Aims:

This paper aims to synthesize and apply dye and antimicrobial to four new acid dyes based on derivatives of N-Amino rhodanine as a chromophoric group. Then, these dyes are used in dyeing silk and wool which have good lightfastness, and are also excellent for washing, rubbing and sweating fastness. Also, we measure antimicrobial susceptivity of silk and wool fabrics to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Background:

The new synthetic acid dyes, which have antimicrobial susceptivity to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, are mostly used on silk and wool fabrics which are excellent for lightfastness, washing, rubbing and sweating fastness.

Objective:

The present studies aimed at synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial susceptivity to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

Methods:

The infra-red spectrum was recorded using an Infra-red spectrometer, Perkin Elmer/1650 FT-IR. The 1H-NMR spectra were recorded using a Varian 400MHz spectrometer. The absorbance of the dyes was measured in the ultraviolet-visible region between 300 and 700 nm by a UNICAM UV spectrophotometer. The dye uptake by wool and silk fabrics was measured using a Shimadzu UV-2401PC (UV/V is spectrophotometer at λmax) before and after dyeing. The produced dyes were found to have a good antimicrobial susceptivity to a variety of bacteria.

Results and Discussion:

The compounds a1, b1, a2 &b2 show good antimicrobial activity toward gram-negative (E. coli), gram-positive (S. aurous) bacteria. The data showed that exhaustion and fastness activities of silk and wool dyed fabrics were both very high.

Conclusion:

In this work, we prepared newly synthesized acid dyes based on 3-Amino-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone derivatives and used them for dyeing wool and silk fabrics. Both synthetic dyes have shown good lightfastness and fastness properties. Also, all dyes have shown a good antimicrobial effect.

A Feasible Method Applied to One-Bath Process of Wool/Acrylic Blended Fabrics with Novel Heterocyclic Reactive Dyes and Application Properties of Dyed Textiles

Reactive dyes containing cationic groups have great potentiality as novel dyes, which can be applicable to one-bath dyeing of wool/acrylic blended fabrics. In this work, four novel heterocyclic reactive dyes containing cationic groups were designed by using m-aminophenyltrimethylammonium salt or N-(2-aminoethyl) pyridinium chloride salt as cationic groups, N, N-diethyl-1,3-benzenediamine as a coupling component, 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole, 2-aminobenzothiazole or 3-amino-5-nitrobenzoisothiazole as diazo components. These dyes based on benzothiazole derivative chromophores not only showed beautiful color, including blue-green and fuchsia, but also had larger tinctorial strength with a high molar extinction coefficient, further reducing the dosage of dyes to achieve same color depth. Factors affecting the dyeability on fabrics, such as pH value, dyeing temperature and dye concentration were discussed. Excellent dyeing behavior, levelling properties and good fastness on wool/acrylic blended fabric were obtained. What’ more, excellent anti-ultraviolet and antibacterial properties were obtained for textiles with these dyes. The application of these dyes with large molar extinction coefficients presents a wide range of possibilities for the further development of cleaner production and eco-friendly dyeing, even functional textiles.