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Song Q, Li Q, Yan J, Song Y. Echem methods and electrode types of the current in vivo electrochemical sensing. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17715-17739. [PMID: 35765338 PMCID: PMC9199085 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, people have been eager to realize continuous real-time online monitoring of biological compounds. Fortunately, in vivo electrochemical biosensor technology has greatly promoted the development of biological compound detection. This article summarizes the existing in vivo electrochemical detection technologies into two categories: microdialysis (MD) and microelectrode (ME). Then we summarized and discussed the electrode surface time, pollution resistance, linearity and the number of instances of simultaneous detection and analysis, the composition and characteristics of the sensor, and finally, we also predicted and prospected the development of electrochemical technology and sensors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuye Song
- The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86 791 87802135 +86 791 87802135
| | - Qianmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Dysfunction, Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine 1688 Meiling Road Nanchang 330006 China
| | - Jiadong Yan
- The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University Zhangjiagang 215600 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86 791 87802135 +86 791 87802135
| | - Yonggui Song
- Key Laboratory of Depression Animal Model Based on TCM Syndrome, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of TCM for Prevention and Treatment of Brain Diseases with Cognitive Dysfunction, Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine 1688 Meiling Road Nanchang 330006 China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang Medical College 1688 Meiling Road Nanchang 330006 China
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Casillas-Espinosa PM, Andrade P, Santana-Gomez C, Paananen T, Smith G, Ali I, Ciszek R, Ndode-Ekane XE, Brady RD, Tohka J, Hudson MR, Perucca P, Braine EL, Immonen R, Puhakka N, Shultz SR, Jones NC, Staba RJ, Pitkänen A, O'Brien TJ. Harmonization of the pipeline for seizure detection to phenotype post-traumatic epilepsy in a preclinical multicenter study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis. Epilepsy Res 2019; 156:106131. [PMID: 31076256 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenic Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx) Centre without walls is an NIH funded multicenter consortium. One of EpiBioS4Rx projects is a preclinical post-traumatic epileptogenesis biomarker study that involves three study sites: The University of Eastern Finland, Monash University (Melbourne) and the University of California Los Angeles. Our objective is to create a platform for evaluating biomarkers and testing new antiepileptogenic treatments for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) using the lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) model in rats. As only 30-50% of rats with severe lateral FPI develop PTE by 6 months post-injury, prolonged video-EEG monitoring is crucial to identify animals with PTE. Our objective is to harmonize the surgical and data collection procedures, equipment, and data analysis for chronic EEG recording in order to phenotype PTE in this rat model across the three study sites. METHODS Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was induced using lateral FPI in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 11-12 weeks. Animals were divided into two cohorts: a) the long-term video-EEG follow-up cohort (Specific Aim 1), which was implanted with EEG electrodes within 24 h after the injury; and b) the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up cohort (Specific Aim 2), at 5 months after lateral FPI. Four cortical epidural screw electrodes (2 ipsilateral, 2 contralateral) and three intracerebral bipolar electrodes were implanted (septal CA1 and the dentate gyrus, layers II and VI of the perilesional cortex both anterior and posterior to the injury site). During the 7th post-TBI month, animals underwent 4 weeks of continuous video-EEG recordings to diagnose of PTE. RESULTS All centers harmonized the induction of TBI and surgical procedures for the implantation of EEG recordings, utilizing 4 or more EEG recording channels to cover areas ipsilateral and contralateral to the brain injury, perilesional cortex and the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Ground and reference screw electrodes were implanted. At all sites the minimum sampling rate was 512 Hz, utilizing a finite impulse response (FIR) and impedance below 10 KΩ through the entire recording. As part of the quality control criteria we avoided electrical noise, and monitoring changes in impedance over time and the appearance of noise on the recordings. To reduce electrical noise, we regularly checked the integrity of the cables, stability of the EEG recording cap and the appropriate connection of the electrodes with the cables. Following the pipeline presented in this article and after applying the quality control criteria to our EEG recordings all of the sites were successful to phenotype seizure in chronic EEG recordings of animals after TBI. DISCUSSION Despite differences in video-EEG acquisition equipment used, the three centers were able to consistently phenotype seizures in the lateral fluid-percussion model applying the pipeline presented here. The harmonization of methodology will help to improve the rigor of preclinical research, improving reproducibility of pre-clinical research in the search of biomarkers and therapies to prevent antiepileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pedro Andrade
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cesar Santana-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Tomi Paananen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Idrish Ali
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert Ciszek
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Rhys D Brady
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jussi Tohka
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matthew R Hudson
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Piero Perucca
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia
| | - Emma L Braine
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Noora Puhakka
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nigel C Jones
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard J Staba
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- The Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3050, Australia.
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