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Ran J, El-Kebir H, Lee Y, Chamorro LP, Berlin R, Aguiluz Cornejo GM, Benedetti E, Giulianotti PC, Bhargava R, Bentsman J, Ostoja-Starzewski M. Heat conduction in live tissue during radiofrequency electrosurgery. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20230420. [PMID: 38228182 PMCID: PMC10791539 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a method to model radiofrequency electrosurgery to capture the phenomena at higher temperatures and present the methods for parameter estimation. Experimental data taken from our surgical trials performed on in vivo porcine liver show that a non-Fourier Maxwell-Cattaneo-type model can be suitable for this application when used in combination with an Arrhenius-type model that approximates the energy dissipation in physical and chemical reactions. The resulting model structure has the advantage of higher accuracy than existing ones, while reducing the computation time required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junren Ran
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hamza El-Kebir
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yongseok Lee
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Leonardo P. Chamorro
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Richard Berlin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Enrico Benedetti
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Bentsman
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Martin Ostoja-Starzewski
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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El-Kebir H, Ran J, Lee Y, Chamorro LP, Ostoja-Starzewski M, Berlin R, Cornejo GMA, Benedetti E, Giulianotti PC, Bentsman J. Minimally Invasive Live Tissue High-Fidelity Thermophysical Modeling Using Real-Time Thermography. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2023; 70:1849-1857. [PMID: 37015453 PMCID: PMC10198807 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3230728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel thermodynamic parameter estimation framework for energy-based surgery on live tissue, with direct applications to tissue characterization during electrosurgery. This framework addresses the problem of estimating tissue-specific thermodynamics in real-time, which would enable accurate prediction of thermal damage impact to the tissue and damage-conscious planning of electrosurgical procedures. Our approach provides basic thermodynamic information such as thermal diffusivity, and also allows for obtaining the thermal relaxation time and a model of the heat source, yielding in real-time a controlled hyperbolic thermodynamics model. The latter accounts for the finite thermal propagation time necessary for modeling of the electrosurgical action, in which the probe motion speed often surpasses the speed of thermal propagation in the tissue operated on. Our approach relies solely on thermographer feedback and a knowledge of the power level and position of the electrosurgical pencil, imposing only very minor adjustments to normal electrosurgery to obtain a high-fidelity model of the tissue-probe interaction. Our method is minimally invasive and can be performed in situ. We apply our method first to simulated data based on porcine muscle tissue to verify its accuracy and then to in vivo liver tissue, and compare the results with those from the literature. This comparison shows that parameterizing the Maxwell-Cattaneo model through the framework proposed yields a noticeably higher fidelity real-time adaptable representation of the thermodynamic tissue response to the electrosurgical impact than currently available. A discussion on the differences between the live and the dead tissue thermodynamics is also provided.
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