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Liou JC, Hsiao YC, Yang CF. Infrared Sensor Detection and Actuator Treatment Applied during Hemodialysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2521. [PMID: 32365594 PMCID: PMC7249072 DOI: 10.3390/s20092521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Infrared thermography can be applied in different medical systems, for example it can be used to catch the images of living blood vessels. Far infrared rays can be used in a heating machine, which can be applied in the clinical hemodialysis patients. Infrared electronically sensitized images, which are generated by near-infrared Charge-coupled Device (CCD), are used to detect blood vessels, and used as a long-wavelength external stimulating therapeutic tissue repair system. When an infrared sensor detection and actuator treatment is applied during hemodialysis, a missing needle can be detected, and far infrared rays have a therapeutic effect on blood vessels. Because a far-infrared actuated light source can improve blood circulation, it is currently used to prevent fistula embolism in hemodialysis (HD) patients and reduce vascular occlusion after hemodialysis. Sensors used for sudden changes in heart rate variability (HRV) are used as predictive and evaluation indicators for our new method. Far-infrared actuated radiation can increase sympathetic nerve activity and regulation of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. We performed baseline measurements of the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio of autonomic nerve activity before hemodialysis (low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), LF/HF, before HD) and after hemodialysis (LF/HF, after-HD). Based on data from the HRV continuity tracking report, 35 patients with autonomic nerve activation were treated and evaluated. We have demonstrated that the resulting near-infrared (NIR) sensor imaging and far-infrared actuator illumination can be used for the detection and treatment of hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Fu Yang
- Department of Chemical and materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
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Jiang B, Hou W, Xia N, Peng F, Wang X, Chen C, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Wu X. Inhibitory effect of 980-nm laser on neural activity of the rat's cochlear nucleus. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:035009. [PMID: 31482103 PMCID: PMC6710856 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.3.035009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared radiation (NIR) has been described as one of the highest-resolution tools for neuromodulation. However, the poor tissue penetration depth of NIR has limited its further application on some of the deeper layer neurons in vivo. A 980-nm short-wavelength NIR (SW-NIR) with high penetration depth was employed, and its inhibitory effect on neurons was investigated in vivo. In experiments, SW-NIR was implemented on the rat's cochlear nucleus (CN), the auditory pathway was activated by pure-tones through the rat's external auditory canal, and the neural responses were recorded in the inferior colliculus by a multichannel electrode array. Neural firing rate (FR) and the first spike latency (FSL) were analyzed to evaluate the optically induced neural inhibition. Meanwhile, a two-layered finite element, consisting of a fluid layer and a gray matter layer, was established to model the optically induced temperature changes in CN; different stimulation paradigms were used to compare the inhibitory efficiency of SW-NIR. Results showed that SW-NIR could reversibly inhibit acoustically induced CN neural activities: with the increase of laser radiant exposures energy, neural FR decreased significantly and FSL lengthened steadily. Significant inhibition occurred when the optical pulse stimulated prior to the acoustic stimulus. Results indicated that the inhibition relies on the establishment time of the temperature field. Moreover, our preliminary results suggest that short-wavelength infrared could regulate the activities of neurons beyond the neural tissues laser irradiated through neural networks and conduction in vivo. These findings may provide a method for accurate neuromodulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Wensheng Hou
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Xia
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Qingdao University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
| | - Chunye Chen
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Chinese Army Medical University, Department of Neurobiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, China
- Chongqing University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Service Robot Control Technology, Chongqing, China
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Emerging neural stimulation technologies for bladder dysfunctions. Int Neurourol J 2015; 19:3-11. [PMID: 25833475 PMCID: PMC4386488 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2015.19.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the neural engineering field, physiological dysfunctions are approached by identifying the target nerves and providing artificial stimulation to restore the function. Neural stimulation and recording technologies play a central role in this approach, and various engineering devices and stimulation techniques have become available to the medical community. For bladder control problems, electrical stimulation has been used as one of the treatments, while only a few emerging neurotechnologies have been used to tackle these problems. In this review, we introduce some recent developments in neural stimulation technologies including microelectrode array, closed-loop neural stimulation, optical stimulation, and ultrasound stimulation.
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