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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the current research progress of machine learning and venous thromboembolism. METHODS The literature on risk factors, diagnosis, prevention and prognosis of machine learning and venous thromboembolism in recent years was reviewed. RESULTS Machine learning is the future of biomedical research, personalized medicine, and computer-aided diagnosis, and will significantly promote the development of biomedical research and healthcare. However, many medical professionals are not familiar with it. In this review, we will introduce several commonly used machine learning algorithms in medicine, discuss the application of machine learning in venous thromboembolism, and reveal the challenges and opportunities of machine learning in medicine. CONCLUSION The incidence of venous thromboembolism is high, the diagnostic measures are diverse, and it is necessary to classify and treat machine learning, and machine learning as a research tool, it is more necessary to strengthen the special research of venous thromboembolism and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Zou
- West China Hospital of Medicine, West China Hospital Operation Room /West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhoupeng Wu
- Department of vascular surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Huang ST, Ke X, Huang YP, Wu YX, Yu XY, Liu HK, Liu D. A prediction model for moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue in colorectal cancer after chemotherapy: a prospective case‒control study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:426. [PMID: 37369858 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study aims to develop a model to predict the risk of moderate to severe cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in colorectal cancer patients after chemotherapy. METHODS The study population was colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy from September 2021 to June 2022 in a grade 3 and first-class hospital. Demographic, clinical, physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic factors were collected 1 to 2 days before the start of chemotherapy. Patients were followed up for 1 to 2 days after the end of chemotherapy to assess fatigue using the Piper Fatigue Scale. A random sampling method was used to select 181 patients with moderate to severe CRF as the case group. The risk set sampling method was used to select 181 patients with mild or no CRF as the control group. Logistic regression, back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN), and decision tree models were constructed and compared. RESULTS A total of 362 patients consisting of 241 derivation samples and 121 validation samples were enrolled. Comparing the three models, the prediction effect of BP-ANN was the best, with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.83. Internal and external verification indicated that the accuracy of prediction was 70.4% and 80.8%, respectively. Significant predictors identified were surgery, complications, hypokalaemia, albumin, neutrophil percentage, pain (VAS score), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, sleep quality (PSQI score), anxiety (HAD-A score), depression (HAD-D score), and nutrition (PG-SGA score). CONCLUSIONS BP-ANN was the best model, offering theoretical guidance for clinicians to formulate a tool to identify patients at high risk of moderate to severe CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ting Huang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xi Ke
- Department of Abdominal Internal Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yun-Peng Huang
- The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Yu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - He-Kun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dun Liu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian Province, China.
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Ajani SN, Mulla RA, Limkar S, Ashtagi R, Wagh SK, Pawar ME. DLMBHCO: design of an augmented bioinspired deep learning-based multidomain body parameter analysis via heterogeneous correlative body organ analysis. Soft comput 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37362266 PMCID: PMC10248994 DOI: 10.1007/s00500-023-08613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Progressive organ-level disorders in the human body are often correlated with diseases in other body parts. For instance, liver diseases can be linked with heart issues, while cancers can be linked with brain diseases (or psychological conditions). Defining such correlations is a complex task, and existing deep learning models that perform this task either showcase lower accuracy or are non-comprehensive when applied to real-time scenarios. To overcome these issues, this text proposes design of an augmented bioinspired deep learning-based multidomain body parameter analysis via heterogeneous correlative body organ analysis. The proposed model initially collects temporal and spatial data scans for different body parts and uses a multidomain feature extraction engine to convert these scans into vector sets. These vectors are processed by a Bacterial Foraging Optimizer (BFO), which assists in identification of highly variant feature sets, which are individually classified into different disease categories. A fusion of Inception Net, XCeption Net, and GoogLeNet Models is used to perform these classifications. The classified categories are linked with other disease types via temporal analysis of blood reports. The temporal analysis engine uses Modified Analytical Hierarchical Processing (MAHP) Model for calculating inter-organ disease dependency probabilities. Based on these probabilities, the model is able to generate a patient-level correlation map, which can be used by clinical experts to suggest remedial treatments, due to which the model was able to identify correlations between brain disorders and kidneys, heart diseases and lungs, heart diseases and liver, brain diseases and different types of cancers with high efficiency when evaluated under clinical scenarios. When validated on MITBIH, DEAP, CT Kidney, RIDER, and PLCO data samples, it was observed that the proposed model was capable of improving accuracy of correlation by 8.5%, while improving precision and recall by 3.2% when compared with existing correlation models under similar clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir N. Ajani
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering (Data Science), St. Vincent Pallotti College of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
| | - Rais Allauddin Mulla
- Department of Computer Engineering, Vasantdada Patil Pratishthan College of Engineering and Visual Arts, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
| | - Suresh Limkar
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, AISSMS Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Rashmi Ashtagi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Bibwewadi, Pune, 411037 Maharashtra India
| | - Sharmila K. Wagh
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modern Education Society’s College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Mahendra Eknath Pawar
- Department of Computer Engineering, Vasantdada Patil Pratishthan College of Engineering and Visual Arts, Mumbai, Maharashtra India
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Ma H, Dong Z, Chen M, Sheng W, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhang S, Yu Y. A gradient boosting tree model for multi-department venous thromboembolism risk assessment with imbalanced data. J Biomed Inform 2022; 134:104210. [PMID: 36122879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2022.104210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the world's third most common cause of vascular mortality and a serious complication from multiple departments. Risk assessment of VTE guides clinical intervention in time and is of great importance to in-hospital patients. Traditional VTE risk assessment methods based on scaling tools, which always require rules carefully designed by human experts, are difficult to apply to large-population scenarios since the manually designed rules are not guaranteed to be accurate to all populations. In contrast, with the development of the electronic health record (EHR) datasets, data-driven machine-learning-based risk assessment methods have proven superior predictability in many studies in recent years. This paper uses the gradient boosting tree model to study the VTE risk assessment problem with multi-department data. There exist two distinct characteristics of VTE data collected at the level of the entire hospital: its wide distribution and heterogeneity across multiple departments. To this end, we consider the prediction task over multiple departments as a multi-task learning process, and introduce the algorithm of a task-aware tree-based method TSGB to tackle the multi-task prediction problem. Although the introduction of multi-task learning improves overall across-department performance, we reveal the problem of task-wise performance decline while dealing with imbalanced VTE data volume. According to the analysis, we finally propose two variants of TSGB to alleviate the problems and further boost the prediction performance. Compared with state-of-the-art rule-based and multi-task tree-based methods, the experimental results show the proposed methods not only improve the overall across-department AUC performance effectively, but also ensure the improvement of performance over every single department prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handong Ma
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | | | | | - Wenbo Sheng
- Shanghai Synyi Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yao Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | | | - Shaodian Zhang
- Shanghai Synyi Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Yu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhou J, Cao W, Wang L, Pan Z, Fu Y. Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of ovarian cancer. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105608. [PMID: 35584585 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the wide application of artificial intelligence (AI) has dramatically improved the work efficiency of clinicians and reduced their workload. This review provides a glance at the latest advances in AI-assisted diagnosis and prognostic prediction of ovarian cancer (OC). We performed an advanced search in PubMed and IEEE/IET Electronic Library, and included 39 articles in this review. A comprehensive and objective criterion was built to assess the reliability and quality of all studies from four aspects: the size of datasets for model development, research design, the division of training sets and test sets, and the type of quantitative performance indicators. This review analyzed the construction of AI models, including data pre-processing methods, feature selection techniques, AI classifiers, or algorithms. Additionally, we compared the performance of these models built on different datasets, which may support researchers for further iteration and development of AI. Finally, we discussed the challenges and future directions for AI application in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Zhou
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Lan Wang
- Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Zezheng Pan
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Ying Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
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Datta A, Matlock MK, Le Dang N, Moulin T, Woeltje KF, Yanik EL, Joshua Swamidass S. 'Black Box' to 'Conversational' Machine Learning: Ondansetron Reduces Risk of Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 25:2204-2214. [PMID: 33095721 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2020.3033405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning, combined with a proliferation of electronic healthcare records (EHR), has the potential to transform medicine by identifying previously unknown interventions that reduce the risk of adverse outcomes. To realize this potential, machine learning must leave the conceptual 'black box' in complex domains to overcome several pitfalls, like the presence of confounding variables. These variables predict outcomes but are not causal, often yielding uninformative models. In this work, we envision a 'conversational' approach to design machine learning models, which couple modeling decisions to domain expertise. We demonstrate this approach via a retrospective cohort study to identify factors which affect the risk of hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE). Using logistic regression for modeling, we have identified drugs that reduce the risk of HA-VTE. Our analysis reveals that ondansetron, an anti-nausea and anti-emetic medication, commonly used in treating side-effects of chemotherapy and post-general anesthesia period, substantially reduces the risk of HA-VTE when compared to aspirin (11% vs. 15% relative risk reduction or RRR, respectively). The low cost and low morbidity of ondansetron may justify further inquiry into its use as a preventative agent for HA-VTE. This case study highlights the importance of engaging domain expertise while applying machine learning in complex domains.
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Emotion Recognition from ECG Signals Using Wavelet Scattering and Machine Learning. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11114945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Affect detection combined with a system that dynamically responds to a person’s emotional state allows an improved user experience with computers, systems, and environments and has a wide range of applications, including entertainment and health care. Previous studies on this topic have used a variety of machine learning algorithms and inputs such as audial, visual, or physiological signals. Recently, a lot of interest has been focused on the last, as speech or video recording is impractical for some applications. Therefore, there is a need to create Human–Computer Interface Systems capable of recognizing emotional states from noninvasive and nonintrusive physiological signals. Typically, the recognition task is carried out from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, obtaining good accuracy. However, EEGs are difficult to register without interfering with daily activities, and recent studies have shown that it is possible to use electrocardiogram (ECG) signals for this purpose. This work improves the performance of emotion recognition from ECG signals using wavelet transform for signal analysis. Features of the ECG signal are extracted from the AMIGOS database using a wavelet scattering algorithm that allows obtaining features of the signal at different time scales, which are then used as inputs for different classifiers to evaluate their performance. The results show that the proposed algorithm for extracting features and classifying the signals obtains an accuracy of 88.8% in the valence dimension, 90.2% in arousal, and 95.3% in a two-dimensional classification, which is better than the performance reported in previous studies. This algorithm is expected to be useful for classifying emotions using wearable devices.
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Frere C. Burden of venous thromboembolism in patients with pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2325-2340. [PMID: 34040325 PMCID: PMC8130043 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i19.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating malignancy with fewer than 10% of patients being alive at 5 years after diagnosis. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs in approximatively 20% of patients with PC, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and significant health care costs. The management of VTE is particularly challenging in these frail patients. Adequate selection of the most appropriate anticoagulant for each individual patient according to the current international guidelines is warranted for overcoming treatment challenges. The International Initiative on Thrombosis and Cancer multi-language web-based mobile application (downloadable for free at www.itaccme.com) has been developed to help clinicians in decision making in the most complex situations. In this narrative review, we will discuss the contemporary epidemiology and burden of VTE in PC patients, the performances and limitations of current risk assessment models to predict the risk of VTE, as well as evidence from recent clinical trials for the primary prophylaxis and treatment of cancer-associated VTE that support up-dated clinical practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Frere
- Department of Haematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris F-75013, France
- INSERM UMRS_1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism And Nutrition, GRC 27 GRECO, Sorbonne Université, Paris F-75013, France
- Groupe Francophone Thrombose et Cancer, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris F-75010, France
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Suarez A, Nunez F, Rodriguez-Fernandez M. Circadian Phase Prediction From Non-Intrusive and Ambulatory Physiological Data. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 25:1561-1571. [PMID: 32853156 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2020.3019789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronotherapy aims to treat patients according to their endogenous biological rhythms and requires, therefore, knowing their circadian phase. Circadian phase is partially determined by genetics and, under natural conditions, is normally entrained by environmental signals (zeitgebers), predominantly by light. Physiological data such as melatonin concentration and core body temperature (CBT) have been used to estimate circadian phase. However, due to their expensive and intrusive obtention, other physiological variables that also present circadian rhythmicity, such as heart rate variability, skin temperature, activity, and body position, have recently been proposed in several studies to estimate circadian phase. This study aims to predict circadian phase using minimally intrusive ambulatory physiological data modeled with machine learning techniques. Two approaches were considered; first, time-series were used to train artificial neural networks (ANNs) that predict CBT and melatonin dynamics and, second, a novel approach that uses scalar variables to build regression models that predict the time of the minimum CBT and the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). ANNs require less than 48 hours of minimally intrusive data collection to predict circadian phase with an accuracy of less than one hour. On the other hand, regression models that use only three variables (body mass index, activity, and heart rate) are simpler and show higher accuracy with less than one minute of error, although they require longer times of data collection. This is a promising approach that should be validated in further studies considering a broader population and a wider range of conditions, including circadian misalignment.
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