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Sannino A, Romeo S, Scarfì MR, Pinchera D, Schettino F, Alonzo M, Allocca M, Zeni O. The effect of exposure to radiofrequency LTE signal and coexposure to mitomycin-C in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2024; 45:97-109. [PMID: 37493434 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the cellular effects of radiofrequency exposure, 1950 MHz, long-term evolution (LTE) signal, administered alone and in combination with mitomycin-C (MMC), a well-known cytotoxic agent. Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79) cells were exposed/sham exposed in a waveguide-based system under strictly controlled conditions of both electromagnetic and environmental parameters, at specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.3 and 1.25 W/kg. Chromosomal damage (micronuclei formation), oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species [ROS] formation), and cell cycle progression were analyzed after exposure and coexposure. No differences between exposed samples and sham-controls were detected following radiofrequency exposure alone, for all the experimental conditions tested and biological endpoints investigated. When radiofrequency exposure was followed by MMC treatment, 3 h pre-exposure did not modify MMC-induced micronuclei. Pre-exposure of 20 h at 0.3 W/kg did not modify the number of micronuclei induced by MMC, while 1.25 W/kg resulted in a significant reduction of MMC-induced damage. Absence of effects was also detected when CW was used, at both SAR levels. MMC-induced ROS formation resulted significantly decreased at both SAR levels investigated, while cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were not affected by coexposures. The results here reported provide no evidence of direct effects of 1950 MHz, LTE signal. Moreover, they further support our previous findings on the capability of radiofrequency pre-exposure to induce protection from a subsequent toxic treatment, and the key role of the modulated signals and the experimental conditions adopted in eliciting the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sannino
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Romeo
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Scarfì
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Pinchera
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering "Maurizio Scarano" (DIEI), University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Fulvio Schettino
- Department of Electrical and Information Engineering "Maurizio Scarano" (DIEI), University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Mario Alonzo
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Allocca
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Zeni
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), Naples, Italy
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López I, Rivera M, Félix N, Maestú C. It is mandatory to review environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurement protocols and exposure regulations: An opinion article. Front Public Health 2022; 10:992645. [PMID: 36353271 PMCID: PMC9639819 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.992645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel López
- Departamento de Fotónica y Bioingeniería (TFB), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Laboratorio de Bioelectromagnetismo, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Rivera
- Laboratorio de Bioelectromagnetismo, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazario Félix
- Laboratorio de Bioelectromagnetismo, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de Sistemas Informáticos (DATSI), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ceferino Maestú
- Departamento de Fotónica y Bioingeniería (TFB), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Laboratorio de Bioelectromagnetismo, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain,CIBER–BBN Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Ceferino Maestú
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Sannino A, Scarfì MR, Dufossée M, Romeo S, Poeta L, Prouzet-Mauléon V, Priault M, Zeni O. Inhibition of Autophagy Negates Radiofrequency-Induced Adaptive Response in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158414. [PMID: 35955556 PMCID: PMC9369083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, radiofrequency (RF) has demonstrated that it can reduce DNA damage induced by a subsequent treatment with chemical or physical agents in different cell types, resembling the adaptive response, a phenomenon well documented in radiobiology. Such an effect has also been reported by other authors both in vitro and in vivo, and plausible hypotheses have been formulated, spanning from the perturbation of the cell redox status, to DNA repair mechanisms, and stress response machinery, as possible cellular mechanisms activated by RF pre-exposure. These mechanisms may underpin the observed phenomenon, and require deeper investigations. The present study aimed to determine whether autophagy contributes to RF-induced adaptive response. To this purpose, SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were exposed for 20 h to 1950 MHz, UMTS signal, and then treated with menadione. The results obtained indicated a reduction in menadione-induced DNA damage, assessed by applying the comet assay. Such a reduction was negated when autophagy was inhibited by bafilomycin A1 and E64d. Moreover, CRISPR SH-SY5Y cell lines defective for ATG7 or ATG5 genes did not show an adaptive response. These findings suggest the involvement of autophagy in the RF-induced adaptive response in human neuroblastoma cells; although, further investigation is required to extend such observation at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sannino
- Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (S.R.); (L.P.); (O.Z.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Scarfì
- Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (S.R.); (L.P.); (O.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7620659
| | - Mélody Dufossée
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Stefania Romeo
- Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (S.R.); (L.P.); (O.Z.)
| | - Loredana Poeta
- Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (S.R.); (L.P.); (O.Z.)
| | - Valerie Prouzet-Mauléon
- Plateformecrisp’edit—TBMCore, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
- INSERM, US005, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, UAR3427, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Muriel Priault
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; (M.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Olga Zeni
- Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (IREA), National Research Council, Via Diocleziano 328, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (A.S.); (S.R.); (L.P.); (O.Z.)
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Ozel HB, Cetin M, Sevik H, Varol T, Isik B, Yaman B. The effects of base station as an electromagnetic radiation source on flower and cone yield and germination percentage in Pinus brutia Ten. Biol Futur 2021; 72:359-365. [PMID: 34554556 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-021-00085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation is a substantial pollution factor that most of the living things found almost everywhere are constantly exposed to with current technology. The number of studies conducted on the effects of this exposed radiation on the living things constantly is limited; and almost all of the studies conducted are aimed at measuring the effects of short-term exposure. In addition to this, most of the studies conducted on plants focus on herbaceous plant species. In this study, the effects of distance to base station on flower and cone yield and germination percentage were investigated in Pinus brutia individuals, one of the critical forest tree species. The study results revealed that being close to the base station significantly reduced the number of flowers and cones in P. brutia individuals, and that the values obtained in individuals at a distance of 800 m from the base station were 11 times more than the number of flowers and 7 times more than the number of cones compared to the individuals at a distance of 100 m. In the seeds subject to the study, there is a three-times difference in terms of the germination percentage among the individuals located at the furthest and closest distance to the base station. These results show that P. brutia individuals are considerably affected by the base station.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Baris Ozel
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Tugrul Varol
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Berkant Isik
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Barbaros Yaman
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
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Piszczek P, Wójcik-Piotrowicz K, Gil K, Kaszuba-Zwoińska J. Immunity and electromagnetic fields. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111505. [PMID: 34126050 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite many studies, the question about the positive or negative influence of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on living organisms still remains an unresolved issue. To date, the results are inconsistent and hardly comparable between different laboratories. The observed bio-effects are dependent not only on the applied EMF itself, but on many other factors such as the model system tested or environmental ones. In an organism, the role of the defense system against external stressors is played by the immune system consisting of various cell types. The immune cells are engaged in many physiological processes and responsible for the proper functioning of the whole organism. Any factor with an ability to cause immunomodulatory effects may weaken or enhance the response of the immune system. This review is focused on a wide range electromagnetic fields as a possible external factor which may modulate the innate and/or adaptive immunity. Considering the existing databases, we have compiled the bio-effects evoked by EMF in particular immune cell types involved in different types of immune response with the common mechanistic models and mostly activated intracellular signaling cascade pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piszczek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121, Krakow, Czysta street 18, Poland.
| | - Karolina Wójcik-Piotrowicz
- Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza street 16, 31-530, Cracow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gil
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121, Krakow, Czysta street 18, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoińska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121, Krakow, Czysta street 18, Poland
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Treatment with 3-Aminobenzamide Negates the Radiofrequency-Induced Adaptive Response in Two Cell Models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152768. [PMID: 31382475 PMCID: PMC6696271 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In previous investigations, we demonstrated that pre-exposure of different cell cultures to radiofrequency fields can reduce the damage induced by genotoxic agents, an effect resembling the so-called adaptive response. In this study, we pre-exposed human peripheral blood lymphocytes and Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line to 1950 MHz, UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) signal, for 20 h, and then treated cultures with Mitomycin-C. After confirming the induction of an adaptive response in terms of the reduction of micronuclei formation, we observed that such a response was negated by treatments with 3-aminobenzamide. Since 3-aminobenzamide is an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase enzyme, which is involved in DNA repair, these results support the possible involvement of DNA repair mechanisms in radiofrequency-induced adaptive response.
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