3-D System-on-System (SoS) Biomedical-Imaging Architecture for Health-Care Applications

Miniaturization for wearable EEG systems: recording hardware and data processing

As more people desire at-home diagnosis and treatment for their health improvement, healthcare devices have become more wearable, comfortable, and easy to use. In that sense, the miniaturization of electroencephalography (EEG) systems is a major challenge for developing daily-life healthcare devices. Recently, because of the intertwined relationship between EEG recording and processing, co-research of EEG recording hardware and data processing has been emphasized for whole-in-one miniaturized EEG systems. This paper introduces miniaturization techniques in analog-front-end hardware and processing algorithms for such EEG systems. To miniaturize EEG recording hardware, various types of compact electrodes and mm-sized integrated circuits (IC) techniques including artifact rejection are studied to record accurate EEG signals in a much smaller manner. Active electrode and in-ear EEG technologies are also researched to make small-form-factor EEG measurement structures. Furthermore, miniaturization techniques for EEG processing are discussed including channel selection techniques that reduce the number of required electrode channel and hardware implementation of processing algorithms that simplify the EEG processing stage.

Full-duplex enabled wireless power transfer system via textile for miniaturized IMD

Full-duplex (FD) enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) system via textile for miniaturized IMD is presented. By utilizing the battery-free near-field communication (NFC) method, the system realizes wireless power and data transmission without a bulky battery or energy harvester which can diminish the physical size of implantable medical device (IMD). Moreover, using textile as a medium of power transmission, the system overcomes the drawback and extends the limited effective range of the NFC method. In addition, as realizing simultaneous bidirectional data transmission over a single data channel, IMD has been further miniaturized. The proposed system including an external transmitter and the minimized IMD receiver supports 200 kbps and 50 kbps data rates for FSK downlink and LSK uplink telemetries at the same time with bit error rate (BER) of < \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$8{ } \times { }10^{ - 5}$$\end{document}8×10-5 and < \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$4{ } \times { }10^{ - 5}$$\end{document}4×10-5, respectively. The measured power transfer efficiency (PTE) and DC-to-DC power delivered to load (PDL) are 5.77% and 64 mW at 0.5/60 cm of vertical/horizontal distance.

Applications of Wireless Power Transfer in Medicine: State-of-the-Art Reviews

Magnetic resonance within the field of wireless power transfer has seen an increase in popularity over the past decades. This rise can be attributed to the technological advances of electronics and the increased efficiency of popular battery technologies. The same principles of electromagnetic theory can be applied to the medical field. Several medical devices intended for use inside the body use batteries and electrical circuits that could be powered wirelessly. Other medical devices limit the mobility or make patients uncomfortable while in use. The fundamental theory of electromagnetics can improve the field by solving some of these problems. This survey paper summarizes the recent uses and discoveries of wireless power in the medical field. A comprehensive search for papers was conducted using engineering search engines and included papers from related conferences. During the initial search, 247 papers were found then non-relevant papers were eliminated to leave only suitable material. Seventeen relevant journal papers and/or conference papers were found, then separated into defined categories: Implants, Pumps, Ultrasound Imaging, and Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopy. The approach and methods for each paper were analyzed and compared yielding a comprehensive review of these state of the art technologies.

Stacked phased array coils for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio in magnetic resonance imaging

A new concept of using a stacked phased coil array to increase the signal-to-circuit noise ratio (SCNR) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is introduced. Unlike conventional phased coil arrays, the proposed stacked phased coil array is constructed by stacking the coil elements closely together in the vertical direction. Through a proper combination of the coil terminal voltages, the SCNR is shown to increase with the square root of the number of coil elements. A prototype two-element array is constructed and an experimental method is designed to determine the combiner coefficients in a simulated MRI electromagnetic field environment. The experimental results show that the mutual coupling effect among the array coils can be totally removed and the combiner output voltage increases with the number of coil elements. This demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.