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Brown L, White LK, Makhoul W, Teferi M, Sheline YI, Balderston NL. Role of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in anxiety and cognition: Opportunities for intervention for anxiety-related disorders. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100385. [PMID: 37006335 PMCID: PMC10060180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to review the literature on the parietal cortex and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in anxiety-related disorders, as well as opportunities for using neuromodulation to target this region and reduce anxiety. We provide an overview of prior research demonstrating: 1) the importance of the IPS in attention, vigilance, and anxious arousal, 2) the potential for neuromodulation of the IPS to reduce unnecessary attention toward threat and anxious arousal as demonstrated in healthy samples; and 3) limited data on the potential for neuromodulation of the IPS to reduce hyper-attention toward threat and anxious arousal among clinical samples with anxiety-related disorders. Future research should evaluate the efficacy of IPS neuromodulation in fully powered clinical trials, as well as the value in augmenting evidence-based treatments for anxiety with IPS neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Brown
- Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lauren K. White
- Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Walid Makhoul
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marta Teferi
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yvette I. Sheline
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicholas L. Balderston
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Ding L, Sun Q, Jiang N, He J, Jia J. The instant effect of embodiment via mirror visual feedback on electroencephalogram-based brain connectivity changes: A pilot study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1138406. [PMID: 37021135 PMCID: PMC10067600 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1138406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of mirror visual feedback (MVF) is attributed to the perception of embodiment. This study intends to investigate the instantaneous effect of embodiment on brain connectivity. Twelve healthy subjects were required to clench and open their non-dominant hands and keep the dominant hands still during two experimental sessions. In the first session, the dominant hand was covered and no MVF was applied, named the sham-MVF condition. Random vibrotactile stimulations were applied to the non-dominant hand with MVF in the subsequent session. Subjects were asked to pedal while having embodiment perception during motor tasks. As suggested by previous findings, trials of no vibration and continuous vibration were selected for this study, named the condition of MVF and vt-MVF. EEG signals were recorded and the alterations in brain connectivity were analyzed. The average node degrees of sham-MVF, MVF, and vt-MVF conditions were largely different in the alpha band (9.94, 11.19, and 17.37, respectively). Further analyses showed the MVF and vt-MVF had more nodes with a significantly large degree, which mainly occurred in the central and the visual stream involved regions. Results of network metrics showed a significant increment of local and global efficiency, and a reduction of characteristic path length for the vt-MVF condition in the alpha and beta bands compared to sham-MVF, and in the alpha band compared to MVF. Similar trends were found for MVF condition in the beta band compared to sham-MVF. Moreover, significant leftward asymmetry of global efficiency and rightward asymmetry of characteristic path length was reported in the vt-MVF condition in the beta band. These results indicated a positive impact of embodiment on network connectivity and neural communication efficiency, which reflected the potential mechanisms of MVF for new insight into neural modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayuan He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Med-X Center for Manufacturing, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
- Jiayuan He,
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Jia,
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LoMauro A, Molisso MT, Mameli F, Ruggiero F, Ferrucci R, Dellarosa C, Aglieco G, Aliverti A, Barbieri S, Vergari M. EEG Evaluation of Stress Exposure on Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Emergency: Not Just an Impression. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:923576. [PMID: 35923294 PMCID: PMC9339626 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.923576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological distress among healthcare professionals, although already a common condition, was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This effect has been generally self-reported or assessed through questionnaires. We aimed to identify potential abnormalities in the electrical activity of the brain of healthcare workers, operating in different roles during the pandemic. Cortical activity, cognitive performances, sleep, and burnout were evaluated two times in 20 COVID-19 frontline operators (FLCO, median age 29.5 years) and 20 operators who worked in COVID-19-free units (CFO, median 32 years): immediately after the outbreak of the pandemic (first session) and almost 6 months later (second session). FLCO showed higher theta relative power over the entire scalp (FLCO = 19.4%; CFO = 13.9%; p = 0.04) and lower peak alpha frequency of electrodes F7 (FLCO = 10.4 Hz; CFO = 10.87 Hz; p = 0.017) and F8 (FLCO = 10.47 Hz; CFO = 10.87 Hz; p = 0.017) in the first session. FLCO parietal interhemispheric coherence of theta (FLCO I = 0.607; FLCO II = 0.478; p = 0.025) and alpha (FLCO I = 0.578; FLCO II = 0.478; p = 0.007) rhythms decreased over time. FLCO also showed lower scores in the global cognitive assessment test (FLCO = 22.72 points; CFO = 25.56; p = 0.006) during the first session. The quantitative evaluation of the cortical activity might therefore reveal early signs of changes secondary to stress exposure in healthcare professionals, suggesting the implementation of measures to prevent serious social and professional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella LoMauro
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria. Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Takeko Molisso
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria. Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Mameli
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiana Ruggiero
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrucci
- ‘Aldo Ravelli Center', Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, III Clinica Neurologica Polo Universitario San Paolo, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Dellarosa
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Aglieco
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Aliverti
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria. Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Barbieri
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vergari
- Unità di Neurofisiopatologia, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maurizio Vergari
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Al-Shargie F, Katmah R, Tariq U, Babiloni F, Al-Mughairbi F, Al-Nashash H. Stress management using fNIRS and binaural beats stimulation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3552-3575. [PMID: 35781942 PMCID: PMC9208616 DOI: 10.1364/boe.455097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of binaural beats stimulation (BBs) in enhancing cognitive vigilance and mitigating mental stress level at the workplace. We developed an experimental protocol under four cognitive conditions: high vigilance (HV), vigilance enhancement (VE), mental stress (MS) and stress mitigation (SM). The VE and SM conditions were achieved by listening to 16 Hz of BBs. We assessed the four cognitive conditions using salivary alpha-amylase, behavioral responses, and Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). We quantified the vigilance and stress levels using the reaction time (RT) to stimuli, accuracy of detection, and the functional connectivity metrics of the fNIRS estimated by Phase Locking Values (PLV). We propose using the orthogonal minimum spanning tree (OMST) to determine the true connectivity network patterns of the PLV. Our results show that listening to 16-Hz BBs has significantly reduced the level of alpha amylase by 44%, reduced the RT to stimuli by 20% and increased the accuracy of target detection by 25%, (p < 0.001). The analysis of the connectivity network across the four different cognitive conditions revealed several statistically significant trends. Specifically, a significant increase in connectivity between the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) areas and left orbitofrontal cortex was found during the vigilance enhancement condition compared to the high vigilance. Likewise, similar patterns were found between the right and left DLPFC, orbitofrontal cortex, right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and right frontopolar PFC (prefrontal cortex) area during stress mitigation compared to mental stress. Furthermore, the connectivity network under stress condition alone showed significant connectivity increase between the VLPFC and DLPFC compared to other areas. The laterality index demonstrated left frontal laterality under high vigilance and VE conditions, and right DLPFC and left frontopolar PFC while under mental stress. Overall, our results showed that BBs can be used for vigilance enhancement and stress mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Al-Shargie
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rateb Katmah
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Usman Tariq
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fabio Babiloni
- Department Molecular Medicine, University of Sapienza Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fadwa Al-Mughairbi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicines and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hasan Al-Nashash
- Department of Electrical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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