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Zeng W, Hume DR, Lu Y, Fitzpatrick CK, Babcock C, Myers CA, Rullkoetter PJ, Shelburne KB. Modeling of active skeletal muscles: a 3D continuum approach incorporating multiple muscle interactions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1153692. [PMID: 37274172 PMCID: PMC10234509 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1153692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have a highly organized hierarchical structure, whose main function is to generate forces for movement and stability. To understand the complex heterogeneous behaviors of muscles, computational modeling has advanced as a non-invasive approach to evaluate relevant mechanical quantities. Aiming to improve musculoskeletal predictions, this paper presents a framework for modeling 3D deformable muscles that includes continuum constitutive representation, parametric determination, model validation, fiber distribution estimation, and integration of multiple muscles into a system level for joint motion simulation. The passive and active muscle properties were modeled based on the strain energy approach with Hill-type hyperelastic constitutive laws. A parametric study was conducted to validate the model using experimental datasets of passive and active rabbit leg muscles. The active muscle model with calibrated material parameters was then implemented to simulate knee bending during a squat with multiple quadriceps muscles. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) fiber simulation approach was utilized to estimate the fiber arrangements for each muscle, and a cohesive contact approach was applied to simulate the interactions among muscles. The single muscle simulation results showed that both passive and active muscle elongation responses matched the range of the testing data. The dynamic simulation of knee flexion and extension showed the predictive capability of the model for estimating the active quadriceps responses, which indicates that the presented modeling pipeline is effective and stable for simulating multiple muscle configurations. This work provided an effective framework of a 3D continuum muscle model for complex muscle behavior simulation, which will facilitate additional computational and experimental studies of skeletal muscle mechanics. This study will offer valuable insight into the future development of multiscale neuromuscular models and applications of these models to a wide variety of relevant areas such as biomechanics and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zeng
- Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, New York, NY, United States
| | - Donald R. Hume
- Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Yongtao Lu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Clare K. Fitzpatrick
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Colton Babcock
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Casey A. Myers
- Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Paul J. Rullkoetter
- Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
| | - Kevin B. Shelburne
- Center for Orthopaedic Biomechanics, University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States
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Haggie L, Schmid L, Röhrle O, Besier T, McMorland A, Saini H. Linking cortex and contraction-Integrating models along the corticomuscular pathway. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1095260. [PMID: 37234419 PMCID: PMC10206006 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1095260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational models of the neuromusculoskeletal system provide a deterministic approach to investigate input-output relationships in the human motor system. Neuromusculoskeletal models are typically used to estimate muscle activations and forces that are consistent with observed motion under healthy and pathological conditions. However, many movement pathologies originate in the brain, including stroke, cerebral palsy, and Parkinson's disease, while most neuromusculoskeletal models deal exclusively with the peripheral nervous system and do not incorporate models of the motor cortex, cerebellum, or spinal cord. An integrated understanding of motor control is necessary to reveal underlying neural-input and motor-output relationships. To facilitate the development of integrated corticomuscular motor pathway models, we provide an overview of the neuromusculoskeletal modelling landscape with a focus on integrating computational models of the motor cortex, spinal cord circuitry, α-motoneurons and skeletal muscle in regard to their role in generating voluntary muscle contraction. Further, we highlight the challenges and opportunities associated with an integrated corticomuscular pathway model, such as challenges in defining neuron connectivities, modelling standardisation, and opportunities in applying models to study emergent behaviour. Integrated corticomuscular pathway models have applications in brain-machine-interaction, education, and our understanding of neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysea Haggie
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Laura Schmid
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Oliver Röhrle
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Sciences (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thor Besier
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Angus McMorland
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Harnoor Saini
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Saini H, Klotz T, Röhrle O. Modelling motor units in 3D: influence on muscle contraction and joint force via a proof of concept simulation. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 22:593-610. [PMID: 36572787 PMCID: PMC10097764 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01666-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFunctional heterogeneity is a skeletal muscle’s ability to generate diverse force vectors through localised motor unit (MU) recruitment. Existing 3D macroscopic continuum-mechanical finite element (FE) muscle models neglect MU anatomy and recruit muscle volume simultaneously, making them unsuitable for studying functional heterogeneity. Here, we develop a method to incorporate MU anatomy and information in 3D models. Virtual fibres in the muscle are grouped into MUs via a novel “virtual innervation” technique, which can control the units’ size, shape, position, and overlap. The discrete MU anatomy is then mapped to the FE mesh via statistical averaging, resulting in a volumetric MU distribution. Mesh dependency is investigated using a 2D idealised model and revealed that the amount of MU overlap is inversely proportional to mesh dependency. Simultaneous recruitment of a MU’s volume implies that action potentials (AP) propagate instantaneously. A 3D idealised model is used to verify this assumption, revealing that neglecting AP propagation results in a slightly less-steady force, advanced in time by approximately 20 ms, at the tendons. Lastly, the method is applied to a 3D, anatomically realistic model of the masticatory system to demonstrate the functional heterogeneity of masseter muscles in producing bite force. We found that the MU anatomy significantly affected bite force direction compared to bite force magnitude. MU position was much more efficacious in bringing about bite force changes than MU overlap. These results highlight the relevance of MU anatomy to muscle function and joint force, particularly for muscles with complex neuromuscular architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnoor Saini
- Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, BW Germany
| | - Thomas Klotz
- Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, BW Germany
| | - Oliver Röhrle
- Institute of Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, BW Germany
- Stuttgart Center for Simulation Technology (SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, BW Germany
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Saini H, Röhrle O. A biophysically guided constitutive law of the musculotendon-complex: modelling and numerical implementation in Abaqus. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 226:107152. [PMID: 36194967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Many biomedical, clinical, and industrial applications may benefit from musculoskeletal simulations. Three-dimensional macroscopic muscle models (3D models) can more accurately represent muscle architecture than their 1D (line-segment) counterparts. Nevertheless, 3D models remain underutilised in academic, clinical, and commercial environments. Among the reasons for this is a lack of modelling and simulation standardisation, verification, and validation. Here, we strive towards a solution by providing an open-access, characterised, constitutive relation (CR) for 3D musculotendon models. METHODS The musculotendon complex is modelled following the state-of-the-art active stress approach and is treated as hyperelastic, transversely isotropic, and nearly incompressible. Furthermore, force-length and -velocity relationships are incorporated, and muscle activation is derived from motor-unit information. The CR was implemented within the commercial finite-element software package Abaqus as a user-subroutine. A masticatory system model with left and right masseters was used to demonstrate active and passive movement. RESULTS The CR was characterised by various experimental data sets and was able to capture a wide variety of passive and active behaviours. Furthermore, the masticatory simulations revealed that joint movement was sensitive to the muscle's in-fibre passive response. CONCLUSIONS This user-material provides a "plug and play" template for 3D neuro-musculoskeletal finite element modelling. We hope that this reduces modelling effort, fosters exchange, and contributes to the standardisation of such models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harnoor Saini
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalding 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Oliver Röhrle
- Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwalding 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Stuttgart Center for Simulation Sciences (SC SimTech), Pfaffenwaldring 5a, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Recurrent neural network to predict hyperelastic constitutive behaviors of the skeletal muscle. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:1177-1185. [PMID: 35244859 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperelastic constitutive laws have been commonly used to model the passive behavior of the human skeletal muscle. Despite many efforts, the use of accurate finite element formulations of hyperelastic constitutive laws is still time-consuming for a real-time medical simulation system. The objective of the present study was to develop a deep learning model to predict the hyperelastic constitutive behaviors of the skeletal muscle toward a fast estimation of the muscle tissue stress.A finite element (FE) model of the right psoas muscle was developed. Neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin laws were used. A tensile test was performed with an applied body force. A learning database was built from this model using an automatic probabilistic generation process. A long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network was implemented to predict the stress evolution of the skeletal muscle tissue. A hyperparameter tuning process was conducted. Root mean square error (RMSE) and associated relative error was quantified to evaluate the precision of the predictive capacity of the developed deep learning model. Pearson correlation coefficients (R) was also computed.The nodal displacements and the maximal stresses range from 70 to 227 mm and from 2.79 to 5.61 MPa for Neo-Hookean and Monney-Rivlin laws, respectively. Regarding the LSTM predictions, the RMSE ranges from 224.3 ± 3.9 Pa (8%) to 227.5 [Formula: see text] 5.7 Pa (4%) for Neo-Hookean and Monney-Rivlin laws, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients (R) of 0.78 [Formula: see text] 0.02 and 0.77 [Formula: see text] 0.02 were obtained for Neo-Hookean and Monney-Rivlin laws, respectively.The present study showed that, for the first time, the use of a deep learning model can reproduce the time-series behaviors of the complex FE formulations for skeletal muscle modeling. In particular, the use of a LSTM neural network leads to a fast and accurate surrogate model for the in silico prediction of the hyperelastic constitutive behaviors of the skeletal muscle. As perspectives, the developed deep learning model will be integrated into a real-time medical simulation of the skeletal muscle for prosthetic socket design and childbirth simulator.
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A Systematic Review of Continuum Modeling of Skeletal Muscles: Current Trends, Limitations, and Recommendations. Appl Bionics Biomech 2018; 2018:7631818. [PMID: 30627216 PMCID: PMC6305050 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7631818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Finite elasticity theory has been commonly used to model skeletal muscle. A very large range of heterogeneous constitutive laws has been proposed. In this review, the most widely used continuum models of skeletal muscles were synthetized and discussed. Trends and limitations of these laws were highlighted to propose new recommendations for future researches. A systematic review process was performed using two reliable search engines as PubMed and ScienceDirect. 40 representative studies (13 passive muscle materials and 27 active muscle materials) were included into this review. Note that exclusion criteria include tendon models, analytical models, 1D geometrical models, supplement papers, and indexed conference papers. Trends of current skeletal muscle modeling relate to 3D accurate muscle representation, parameter identification in passive muscle modeling, and the integration of coupled biophysical phenomena. Parameter identification for active materials, assumed fiber distribution, data assumption, and model validation are current drawbacks. New recommendations deal with the incorporation of multimodal data derived from medical imaging, the integration of more biophysical phenomena, and model reproducibility. Accounting for data uncertainty in skeletal muscle modeling will be also a challenging issue. This review provides, for the first time, a holistic view of current continuum models of skeletal muscles to identify potential gaps of current models according to the physiology of skeletal muscle. This opens new avenues for improving skeletal muscle modeling in the framework of in silico medicine.
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DAO TIENTUAN, FAN ANGXIAO, DAKPÉ STÉPHANIE, POULETAUT PHILIPPE, RACHIK MOHAMED, HO BA THO MARIECHRISTINE. IMAGE-BASED SKELETAL MUSCLE COORDINATION: CASE STUDY ON A SUBJECT SPECIFIC FACIAL MIMIC SIMULATION. J MECH MED BIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519418500203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Facial muscle coordination is a fundamental mechanism for facial mimics and expressions. The understanding of this complex mechanism leads to better diagnosis and treatment of facial disorders like facial palsy or disfigurement. The objective of this work was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to characterize the activation behavior of facial muscles and then simulate their coordination mechanism using a subject specific finite element model. MRI data of lower head of a healthy subject were acquired in neutral and in the pronunciation of the sound [o] positions. Then, a finite element model was derived directly from acquired MRI images in neutral position. Transversely-isotropic, hyperelastic, quasi-incompressible behavior law was implemented for modeling facial muscles. The simulation to produce the pronunciation of the sound [o] was performed by the cumulative coordination between three pairs of facial mimic muscles (Zygomaticus Major (ZM), Levator Labii Superioris (LLS), Levator Anguli Oris (LAO)). Mean displacement amplitude showed a good agreement with a relative deviation of 15% between numerical outcome and MRI-based measurement when all three muscles are involved. This study elucidates, for the first time, the facial muscle coordination using in vivo data leading to improve the model understanding and simulation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- TIEN TUAN DAO
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - ANG-XIAO FAN
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - STÉPHANIE DAKPÉ
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - PHILIPPE POULETAUT
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
| | - MOHAMED RACHIK
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7337 Roberval, Centre de recherche Royallieu - CS 60 319 - 60 203, Compiègne cedex, France
| | - MARIE CHRISTINE HO BA THO
- Sorbonne University, Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 Compiègne, France
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Eskes M, Balm AJM, van Alphen MJA, Smeele LE, Stavness I, van der Heijden F. Simulation of facial expressions using person-specific sEMG signals controlling a biomechanical face model. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2017; 13:47-59. [PMID: 28861702 PMCID: PMC5754395 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-017-1659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional inoperability in advanced oral cancer is difficult to assess preoperatively. To assess functions of lips and tongue, biomechanical models are required. Apart from adjusting generic models to individual anatomy, muscle activation patterns (MAPs) driving patient-specific functional movements are necessary to predict remaining functional outcome. We aim to evaluate how volunteer-specific MAPs derived from surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals control a biomechanical face model. METHODS Muscle activity of seven facial muscles in six volunteers was measured bilaterally with sEMG. A triple camera set-up recorded 3D lip movement. The generic face model in ArtiSynth was adapted to our needs. We controlled the model using the volunteer-specific MAPs. Three activation strategies were tested: activating all muscles [Formula: see text], selecting the three muscles showing highest muscle activity bilaterally [Formula: see text]-this was calculated by taking the mean of left and right muscles and then selecting the three with highest variance-and activating the muscles considered most relevant per instruction [Formula: see text], bilaterally. The model's lip movement was compared to the actual lip movement performed by the volunteers, using 3D correlation coefficients [Formula: see text]. RESULTS The correlation coefficient between simulations and measurements with [Formula: see text] resulted in a median [Formula: see text] of 0.77. [Formula: see text] had a median [Formula: see text] of 0.78, whereas with [Formula: see text] the median [Formula: see text] decreased to 0.45. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that MAPs derived from noninvasive sEMG measurements can control movement of the lips in a generic finite element face model with a median [Formula: see text] of 0.78. Ultimately, this is important to show the patient-specific residual movement using the patient's own MAPs. When the required treatment tools and personalisation techniques for geometry and anatomy become available, this may enable surgeons to test the functional results of wedge excisions for lip cancer in a virtual environment and to weigh surgery versus organ-sparing radiotherapy or photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merijn Eskes
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands.
- , P.O. Box 90203, 1006 BE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfons J M Balm
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J A van Alphen
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ludi E Smeele
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Stavness
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 176 Thorvaldson Building, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Ferdinand van der Heijden
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MIRA Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Then C, Stassen B, Depta K, Silber G. New methodology for mechanical characterization of human superficial facial tissue anisotropic behaviour in vivo. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 71:68-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Greybe D, Boland MR, Wu T, Mithraratne K. A finite element model to investigate the effect of ulnar variance on distal radioulnar joint mechanics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017; 33:e02790. [PMID: 27021471 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ulnocarpal impaction syndrome involves excessive loading of the ulnocarpal joint. Ulnar shortening osteotomies are an effective way to reduce ulnocarpal loading but alter contact mechanics at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). This study used a computational model to investigate the relationship between ulnar length and DRUJ mechanics. Detailed, finite element models of the radius and ulna bones were constructed from magnetic resonance imaging data. The length of the ulna bone model was increased and decreased up to 5 mm in 1 mm increments. A computational model was used to predict joint contact at the DRUJ for each ulnar length. Lengthening the ulna caused a slight decrease in DRUJ contact pressure, with a more substantial decrease in contact area. Shortening the ulna caused a substantial increase in contact area, with a smaller increase in DRUJ contact pressure. The location of contact on the radial sigmoid notch changed with 2 mm lengthening and 3 mm shortening. The results of this study demonstrate the sensitivity of DRUJ contact to ulnar length changes, which may explain the DRUJ cartilage degeneration that often follows ulnar osteotomies. The joint contact model implemented in this study allowed the relationship between ulnar length and DRUJ contact to be examined systematically, in a way that is difficult to achieve through cadaveric experimentation. The results confirmed published experimental data showing an increased DRUJ contact pressure with ulnar shortening. It is important that clinicians consider the influence of ulnar osteotomies, not only on ulnocarpal loading but also on DRUJ mechanics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desney Greybe
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael R Boland
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tim Wu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kumar Mithraratne
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Greybe D, Boland MR, Wu T, Mithraratne K. Examining the influence of distal radius orientation on distal radioulnar joint contact using a finite element model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2016; 32:e02766. [PMID: 26728190 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Distal radius malunion is a problem that is common to distal radius fractures and can affect the contact mechanics of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The goal of this study was to use a computational model of the DRUJ to investigate the influence distal radius orientation has on its contact mechanics. Detailed, finite element models of the radius and ulna bones were constructed from magnetic resonance imaging data. The orientation of the distal radius was rotated in 2° increments about three orthogonal axes representing dorsal-palmar rotation, radial-ulnar rotation and anteversion-retroversion. A computational model was used to predict joint contact at the DRUJ in each condition. Joint contact was found to be most sensitive to dorsal rotation of the distal radius, while radial and ulnar rotation did not substantially affect joint contact pressure. Slight retroversion was found to lower joint contact pressure. In most cases, more than 6° rotation in a given direction resulted in dislocation of the DRUJ, so that adaptation at the joint would be required to maintain articular contact. The joint contact model implemented in this study allowed the relationship between distal radius orientation and DRUJ contact to be examined systematically, in a way that is difficult to achieve using a cadaver-based approach. The results demonstrated the distal radius displacements most critical for maintaining healthy joint mechanics at the DRUJ. It is important that clinicians consider the influence of distal radius malunion and its treatment on DRUJ mechanics, in addition to its consequences for wrist function and forearm rotation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desney Greybe
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Michael R Boland
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tim Wu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kumar Mithraratne
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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