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Duval C, Bourreau E, Warrick E, Bastien P, Nouveau S, Bernerd F. A chronic pro-inflammatory environment contributes to the physiopathology of actinic lentigines. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5256. [PMID: 38438410 PMCID: PMC10912228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Actinic lentigines (AL) or age spots, are skin hyperpigmented lesions associated with age and chronic sun exposure. To better understand the physiopathology of AL, we have characterized the inflammation response in AL of European and Japanese volunteers. Gene expression profile showed that in both populations, 10% of the modulated genes in AL versus adjacent non lesional skin (NL), i.e. 31 genes, are associated with inflammation/immune process. A pro-inflammatory environment in AL is strongly suggested by the activation of the arachidonic acid cascade and the plasmin pathway leading to prostaglandin production, along with the decrease of anti-inflammatory cytokines and the identification of inflammatory upstream regulators. Furthermore, in line with the over-expression of genes associated with the recruitment and activation of immune cells, immunostaining on skin sections revealed a significant infiltration of CD68+ macrophages and CD4+ T-cells in the dermis of AL. Strikingly, investigation of infiltrated macrophage subsets evidenced a significant increase of pro-inflammatory CD80+/CD68+ M1 macrophages in AL compared to NL. In conclusion, a chronic inflammation, sustained by pro-inflammatory mediators and infiltration of immune cells, particularly pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, takes place in AL. This pro-inflammatory loop should be thus broken to normalize skin and improve the efficacy of age spot treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilie Warrick
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay Sous Bois, France
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2
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Miyachi K, Yamada T, Sanada A, Inoue Y, Hasebe Y, Arima M, Iwata Y, Hasegawa S, Sugiura K, Akamatsu H. Melanin accumulation in dermal stem cells deteriorates their exosome-mediated skin basement membrane construction in solar lentigo. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1881-1890. [PMID: 36048560 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Solar lentigo (SL) is a hyperpigmented macule that occurs in sun-exposed areas and is characterized by the accumulation of melanin pigment in the epidermis. On the contrary, melanin-incorporated macrophages have also been identified in the dermis, which is thought to be caused by melanin transfer due to disruption of the basement membrane, but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we analysed SL lesions by pathological methods and examined the mechanism of melanin accumulation in the dermis using cultured skin models in vitro. First, we observed a significant decrease in type IV collagen (COL4), a major component of the basement membrane, in SL lesions. The basement membrane is known to be formed by the interaction of keratinocytes and dermal cells. Therefore, we constructed skin models containing fibroblasts or dermal stem cells and examined their effects on basement membrane formation. The results showed a markedly enhanced production of COL4 mediated by dermal stem cell-derived exosomes. The analysis of melanin localization in the SL dermis revealed that CD163-positive macrophages and CD271-positive dermal stem cells both took up melanin pigment. Exosomes of dermal stem cells incorporating melanosomes were less effective in promoting COL4 expression. These findings suggest that while the promotion of COL4 production in keratinocytes by dermal stem cell-derived exosomes is important for maintaining basement membrane homeostasis, this mechanism is disrupted in SL lesions, leading to chronic melanin accumulation in the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuma Miyachi
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yamada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sanada
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yu Inoue
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hasebe
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaru Arima
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yohei Iwata
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Research Laboratories, Nippon MENARD Cosmetic Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.,Nagoya University-MENARD Collaborative Research Chair, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Akamatsu
- Department of Applied Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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3
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Wang T, Jian Z, Baskys A, Yang J, Li J, Guo H, Hei Y, Xian P, He Z, Li Z, Li N, Long Q. MSC-derived exosomes protect against oxidative stress-induced skin injury via adaptive regulation of the NRF2 defense system. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120264. [PMID: 32791387 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cause of skin injury induced by damaging stimuli such as UV radiation. Currently, owing to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo), as a nanotherapeutic agent, have attracted considerable attention. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of MSC-Exo on oxidative injury in H2O2-stimulated epidermal keratinocytes and UV-irradiated wild type and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) knocked down cell and animal models. Our findings showed that MSC-Exo treatment reduced reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, aberrant calcium signaling, and mitochondrial changes in H2O2-stimulated keratinocytes or UV-irradiated mice skin. Exosome therapy also improved antioxidant capacities shown by increased ferric ion reducing antioxidant power and glutathione peroxidase or superoxide dismutase activities in oxidative stress-induced cell and skin injury. In addition, it alleviated cellular and histological responses to inflammation and oxidation in cell or animal models. Furthermore, the NRF2 signaling pathway was involved in the antioxidation activity of MSC-Exo, while Nrf2 knockdown attenuated the antioxidant capacities of MSC-Exo in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that these effects are partially mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway. These results indicate that MSC-Exo can repair oxidative stress-induced skin injury via adaptive regulation of the NRF2 defense system. Thus, MSC-Exo may be used as a potential dermatological nanotherapeutic agent for treating oxidative stress-induced skin diseases or disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.17 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Andrius Baskys
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China; Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Junle Yang
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Jianying Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Hua Guo
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yue Hei
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No.17 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Panpan Xian
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhongzheng He
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Namiao Li
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China.
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4
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Abd El-Naby N, Mostafa Ali M, Hawwam SA, Sarhan N. The clinical and electron microscopic evaluation of the impact of pulsed dye laser techniques on solar lentigines (randomized clinical trial). J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:361-368. [PMID: 32281430 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1755415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Solar lentigines are skin lesions manifested by benign dark pigmentation causing a cosmetic problem in many patients. Several treatment modalities used for the management of solar lentigines. Side effects and rates of recurrence may be associated with them.Objective: Treating solar lentigines with two different techniques of pulsed dye laser (PDL) and evaluation of the results both clinically and via the examination of ultrastructural changes by electron microscopy.Patients and methods: This study was conducted on 22 subjects with solar lentigines and having Fitzpatrick III-IV skin types, was managed by the use of PDL after enrolling them into two groups. Group I (one stacked PDL was used) and Group II (treated by stacked PDL in two sessions, 1 month apart). At baseline and 6 months after treatment, two punch biopsies with a diameter of 2 mm were taken from all patients. All taken biopsies were prepared for light and electron microscopic examinations.Results: Both PDL techniques induced significant better clinical and histological outcomes. No one demonstrated any postoperative complications such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and scarring.Conclusions: The two techniques of PDL are efficient for solar lentigines treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeim Abd El-Naby
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mai Mostafa Ali
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Soha Abdalla Hawwam
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Sarhan
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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5
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Barysch MJ, Braun RP, Kolm I, Ahlgrimm-Siesz V, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Duval C, Warrick E, Bernerd F, Nouveau S, Dummer R. Keratinocytic Malfunction as a Trigger for the Development of Solar Lentigines. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2019; 6:1-11. [PMID: 30800656 PMCID: PMC6381907 DOI: 10.1159/000495404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Solar lentigines (SL) affect chronically UV-radiated skin. Treatment is often refractory. Deeper knowledge on its pathogenesis might improve therapeutic effects. Material and Methods Morphological characterization of 190 SL was performed and epidermal thickness, pigment distribution, dendricity, and cornification grade were measured. Immunoreactivity was investigated using Melan A, Tyrosinase, MITF, p53, and CD20, as well as Notch1 using immunofluorescence. Results We found 2 groups of histological patterns, i.e., either acanthotic or atrophic epidermis. Lesions with basket-woven cornification and atrophic epidermis were observed in 6 out of 9 and 14 out of 16 cases from the face, respectively. Consistency of areas with a high pigmentation was observed in 96-97% of the cases. Hyperpigmentation grade and acanthosis or cornification disorders correlated positively in 88.5% of the cases. Overexpressed of p53 was found in 19 out of 20 lesions, presenting in a scattered distribution. A significant correlation of p53 and acanthosis (p = 0.003) and cornification grade (p = 0.0008) was observed. Notch1 was expressed in all SL, with the highest immunoreactivity in atrophic facial lesions. Lesions from the hands expressed Notch1 mainly in acanthotic areas with elongated rete ridges and less compact cornification. Discussion We suggest that Notch1-dependent keratinocytic malfunction causes the development of SL. Consequently, hyperpigmentation would be a result and not the primary cause of the pathogenesis. Confirmation of these findings might have clinical implications as hitherto treatment has mainly focused on melanocytes and pigmentation and not on the proliferation/differentiation balance of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph Peter Braun
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Kolm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Emilie Warrick
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | | | | | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Homma T, Kageyama S, Nishikawa A, Nagata K. Melanosome degradation in epidermal keratinocytes related to lysosomal protease cathepsin V. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:339-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Goorochurn R, Viennet C, Granger C, Fanian F, Varin-Blank N, Roy CL, Humbert P. Biological processes in solar lentigo: insights brought by experimental models. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:174-7. [PMID: 26739821 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Common in ageing patient, the solar lentigo is a macular hyperpigmented skin lesion that results from chronic exposure to ultraviolet irradiations. Despite sharing numerous features with other pigmented spots, the diagnostic of this benign lesion is well characterized at the tissue level. Recent studies shed lights on several factors and their pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of the solar lentigo. This review summarizes how diverse experimental approaches allowed the identification of several biomarkers, which contribute to a better understanding on the initiation and the maintenance of this pigmentary disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranesha Goorochurn
- LIBC, Engineering and Cutaneous Biology Laboratory, UMR 1098 INSERM, University of Franche-Comte, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France.,UMR 978 INSERM, Bobigny Cedex, France.,ASIH, Signaling Adaptors in Hematology, UFR-SMBH, Labex INFLAMEX, University SPC, Paris 13, Bobigny Cedex, France.,Department of Dermatology, Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France.,Dermance Laboratoire, Dermo-cosmetic and Mature Skin Expertise, Paris, France
| | - Cécline Viennet
- LIBC, Engineering and Cutaneous Biology Laboratory, UMR 1098 INSERM, University of Franche-Comte, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France
| | - Corinne Granger
- Dermance Laboratoire, Dermo-cosmetic and Mature Skin Expertise, Paris, France
| | - Ferial Fanian
- Department of Dermatology, Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Nadine Varin-Blank
- UMR 978 INSERM, Bobigny Cedex, France.,ASIH, Signaling Adaptors in Hematology, UFR-SMBH, Labex INFLAMEX, University SPC, Paris 13, Bobigny Cedex, France
| | - Christine Le Roy
- UMR 978 INSERM, Bobigny Cedex, France.,ASIH, Signaling Adaptors in Hematology, UFR-SMBH, Labex INFLAMEX, University SPC, Paris 13, Bobigny Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Humbert
- LIBC, Engineering and Cutaneous Biology Laboratory, UMR 1098 INSERM, University of Franche-Comte, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France.,Department of Dermatology, Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
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8
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van Drielen K, Gunn D, Griffiths C, Griffiths T, Ogden S, Noordam R, Slagboom P, van Heemst D, de Craen A. Markers of health and disease and pigmented spots in a middle-aged population. Br J Dermatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. van Drielen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - D.A. Gunn
- Unilever R&D; Sharnbrook Bedfordshire U.K
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
| | - C.E.M. Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - T.W. Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - S. Ogden
- Dermatology Centre; Salford Royal Hospital; University of Manchester; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester U.K
| | - R. Noordam
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - P.E. Slagboom
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology; Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
| | - D. van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
| | - A.J.M. de Craen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics; Leiden University Medical Center; PO Box 9600 2300 RC Leiden the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Aging (NCHA); Leiden the Netherlands
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Heidenreich B, Nagore E, Rachakonda PS, Garcia-Casado Z, Requena C, Traves V, Becker J, Soufir N, Hemminki K, Kumar R. Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations in primary cutaneous melanoma. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3401. [PMID: 24569790 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a disease segregating causal germline mutation in a melanoma family and recurrent somatic mutations in metastasized tumours from unrelated patients in the core promoter region of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene. Here we show that the TERT promoter mutations, besides causing an increased gene expression, associate with increased patient age, increased Breslow thickness and tumour ulceration in 287 primary melanomas. The mutations are more frequent at both intermittently and chronically sun-exposed sites than non-exposed sites and tend to co-occur with BRAF and CDKN2A alterations. The association with parameters generally connected with poor outcome, coupled with high recurrence and mechanistic relevance, raises the possibility of the eventual use of TERT promoter mutations in the disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Heidenreich
- 1] Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany [2]
| | - Eduardo Nagore
- 1] Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia 46009, Spain [2] Universidad Catolica de Valencia, Valencia 46001, Spain [3]
| | | | - Zaida Garcia-Casado
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia 46009, Spain
| | - Celia Requena
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia 46009, Spain
| | - Victor Traves
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia 46009, Spain
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of General Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Nadem Soufir
- Departement de Genetique, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, APHP, Paris 75877, France
| | - Kari Hemminki
- 1] Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany [2] Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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