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Fukushima S, Hagiya H, Okura M, Iio K. Rapid diagnostic testing for GAS necrotizing fasciitis. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03643-2. [PMID: 39017769 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Fukushima
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kitaku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Mami Okura
- Microbiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Iio
- Microbiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
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2
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Xie O, Davies MR, Tong SYC. Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis infection and its intersection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024:e0017523. [PMID: 38856686 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00175-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYStreptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is an increasingly recognized cause of disease in humans. Disease manifestations range from non-invasive superficial skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. Invasive disease is usually associated with co-morbidities, immunosuppression, and advancing age. The crude incidence of invasive disease approaches that of the closely related pathogen, Streptococcus pyogenes. Genomic epidemiology using whole-genome sequencing has revealed important insights into global SDSE population dynamics including emerging lineages and spread of anti-microbial resistance. It has also complemented observations of overlapping pathobiology between SDSE and S. pyogenes, including shared virulence factors and mobile gene content, potentially underlying shared pathogen phenotypes. This review provides an overview of the clinical and genomic epidemiology, disease manifestations, treatment, and virulence determinants of human infections with SDSE with a particular focus on its overlap with S. pyogenes. In doing so, we highlight the importance of understanding the overlap of SDSE and S. pyogenes to inform surveillance and disease control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouli Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Infectious Diseases, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark R Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven Y C Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Victorian Infectious Disease Service, The Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
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3
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Kozakai M, Matsumoto M, Takakura A, Furuta RA, Matsubayashi K, Goto N, Satake M. Two cases of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis infection transmitted through transfusion of platelet concentrate derived from separate blood donations by the same donor. Vox Sang 2023. [PMID: 37191237 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections (TTBIs) in Japan have been largely prevented due to a short shelf life of 3.5 days after blood collection for platelet concentrate (PC) and washed PCs (WPCs; PC in which 95% plasma is replaced by platelet additive solution). CASE PRESENTATION Case 1: In January 2018, a woman in her 50s with aplastic anaemia who received WPC transfusion and developed a fever the next day and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) was detected in the residual WPC. Case 2: In May 2018, a man in his 60s with a haematologic malignancy who received PC transfusion and developed chills during the transfusion. SDSE was detected in the patient's blood and residual PC. The contaminated platelet products were both manufactured from blood donated by the same donor. The multi-locus sequencing typing revealed that SDSE detected in case 1 was identical to that from case 2; however, whole blood subsequently obtained from the donor was culture negative. CONCLUSION WPC and PC produced from two blood donated 106 days apart by the same donor were contaminated with SDSE of the same strain and both caused TTBIs. Safety measures should be considered regarding blood collection from a donor with a history of bacterial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Kozakai
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Matsumoto
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Takakura
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika A Furuta
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Central Blood Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Naoko Goto
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Japanese Red Cross Society, Blood Service Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Renal Interstitial Invasion by Group A Streptococcus: A Rare Presentation. Case Rep Infect Dis 2022; 2022:5881375. [PMID: 35586457 PMCID: PMC9110243 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5881375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 5-year-old who had interstitial invasion of his kidneys with group A Streptococcus (GAS). Glomeruli and tubules were relatively preserved. He recovered from this event and was admitted a couple of months later with dilated cardiomyopathy needing a heart transplant. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of direct invasion of renal interstitium by GAS.
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Jagne I, Keeley AJ, Bojang A, Camara B, Jallow E, Senghore E, Oluwalana C, Bah SY, Turner CE, Sesay AK, D’Alessandro U, Bottomley C, de Silva TI, Roca A. Impact of intra-partum azithromycin on carriage of group A streptococcus in the Gambia: a posthoc analysis of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:103. [PMID: 35093029 PMCID: PMC8800276 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a major human pathogen and an important cause of maternal and neonatal sepsis. Asymptomatic bacterial colonization is considered a necessary step towards sepsis. Intra-partum azithromycin may reduce GAS carriage.
Methods
A posthoc analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized-trial was performed to determine the impact of 2 g oral dose of intra-partum azithromycin on maternal and neonatal GAS carriage and antibiotic resistance. Following screening, 829 mothers were randomized who delivered 843 babies. GAS was determined by obtaining samples from the maternal and newborn nasopharynx, maternal vaginal tract and breastmilk. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of GAS isolates was performed using the Illumina Miseq platform.
Results
GAS carriage was lower in the nasopharynx of both mothers and babies and breast milk among participants in the azithromycin arm. No differences in GAS carriage were found between groups in the vaginal tract. The occurrence of azithromycin-resistant GAS was similar in both arms, except for a higher prevalence in the vaginal tract among women in the azithromycin arm. WGS revealed all macrolide-resistant vaginal tract isolates from the azithromycin arm were Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis expressing Lancefield group A carbohydrate (SDSE(A)) harbouring macrolide resistant genes msr(D) and mef(A). Ten of the 45 GAS isolates (22.2%) were SDSE(A).
Conclusions
Oral intra-partum azithromycin reduced GAS carriage among Gambian mothers and neonates however carriage in the maternal vaginal tract was not affected by the intervention due to azithromycin resistant SDSE(A). SDSE(A) resistance must be closely monitored to fully assess the public health impact of intrapartum azithromycin on GAS.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01800942
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Necrotizing Bacterial Myositis as the Initial Presentation of Severe Aplastic Anaemia. Case Rep Hematol 2022; 2021:8276937. [PMID: 34970463 PMCID: PMC8714340 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8276937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Necrotizing soft tissue infections are rapidly progressing infections associated with severe inflammation and cytokine release. Early recognition and surgical intervention are key factors to secure survival. The current case presents a patient with multifocal necrotizing soft tissue infection as the initial presentation of severe aplastic anaemia. Case Presentation. A man in his fifties was admitted with septic shock with multiorgan failure and severe pancytopenia, after two days of malaise with high fever and right flank pain. The diagnosis streptococcal necrotizing myositis was significantly delayed due to atypical clinical findings. After initial surgical exploration, the decision was made to defer from surgical debridement due to extensive involvement of several muscle groups, grave pancytopenia, and suspected dismal prognosis. Surprisingly, the patient stabilized after antibiotics and intensive care treatment. Based on severe pancytopenia and hypocellular bone marrow, with no evidence of other bone marrow disorders, the patient was diagnosed with aplastic anaemia. Treatment for aplastic anaemia with antithymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, and eltrombopaq was started, and 2 months later, a partial haematological recovery was observed. The patient could be discharged from hospital without antibiotic treatment. Conclusions This case illustrates the crucial role of a multidisciplinary approach on admission and further during the clinical course. Clinical improvement despite severe neutropenia and stabilization during immunosuppressive therapy suggest that immunological factors modulate clinical course in necrotizing soft tissue infections.
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Matsuki J, Ishigami A, Tanaka M, Hata S, Ishida Y, Nosaka M, Kuninaka Y, Yamamoto H, Shimada E, Hashizume Y, Takayasu T, Kimura A, Furukawa F, Kondo T. A case of necrotizing fasciitis following intra-articular injections - Iatrogenic or spontaneous? Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021; 54:101989. [PMID: 34798589 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a case of necrotizing fasciitis following intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid. A 73-year-old female received intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid due to arthralgia at the left shoulder and knee, and was found dead in her living room at one day. At the forensic autopsy, injection marks with bullae and erythema were found at the left shoulder and knee and liquefactive necrosis of muscle tissues was observed in the left but not right extremities. Histopathological examinations of the left upper arm and thigh revealed severe rhabdomyolysis with lots of bacterial clusters. Bacteriological examinations detected group A Streptococcus from intracardiac blood and affected muscle tissues. Postmortem biochemical analysis of blood showed escalated blood urea nitrogen (133.8 mg/dL), creatinine (4.57 mg/dL) and C-reactive protein (45.0 mg/dL). The cause of her death was diagnosed as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Moreover, it was suggested that the injection was inappropriately conducted and served as a portal of bacterial entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumpei Matsuki
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishigami
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Motonari Tanaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hata
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nosaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yumi Kuninaka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamamoto
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Emi Shimada
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hashizume
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Takayasu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kimura
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Fukumi Furukawa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kondo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan.
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8
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Ye J, Chu AJ, Lin L, Chan ST, Harper R, Xiao M, Artsimovitch I, Zuo Z, Ma C, Yang X. Benzyl and benzoyl benzoic acid inhibitors of bacterial RNA polymerase-sigma factor interaction. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112671. [PMID: 32920341 PMCID: PMC7680358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcription is an essential biological process in bacteria requiring a core enzyme, RNA polymerase (RNAP). Bacterial RNAP is catalytically active but requires sigma (σ) factors for transcription of natural DNA templates. σ factor binds to RNAP to form a holoenzyme which specifically recognizes a promoter, melts the DNA duplex, and commences RNA synthesis. Inhibiting the binding of σ to RNAP is expected to inhibit bacterial transcription and growth. We previously identified a triaryl hit compound that mimics σ at its major binding site of RNAP, thereby inhibiting the RNAP holoenzyme formation. In this study, we modified this scaffold to provide a series of benzyl and benzoyl benzoic acid derivatives possessing improved antimicrobial activity. A representative compound demonstrated excellent activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis with minimum inhibitory concentrations reduced to 0.5 μg/mL, matching that of vancomycin. The molecular mechanism of inhibition was confirmed using biochemical and cellular assays. Low cytotoxicity and metabolic stability of compounds demonstrated the potential for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Adrian Jun Chu
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shu Ting Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rachel Harper
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Irina Artsimovitch
- Department of Microbiology and the Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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9
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Nguyen VA, Ogura K, Matsue M, Takemoto N, Mukai K, Nakajima Y, Hoang TL, Iwata Y, Sakai N, Wada T, Hashimoto W, Okamoto S, Ichimura H. Novel Hyaluronate Lyase Involved in Pathogenicity of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:552418. [PMID: 33072013 PMCID: PMC7541959 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.552418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) causes cellulitis, bacteremia, and invasive diseases, such as streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Although SDSE infection is more prevalent among elderly individuals and those with diabetes mellitus than infections with Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococci; GAS) and Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococci; GBS), the mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of SDSE remain unknown. SDSE possesses a gene hylD encoding a hyaluronate lyase (HylD), whose homologue (HylB) is involved in pathogenicity of GBS, while the role of HylD has not been characterized. In this study, we focused on the enzyme HylD produced by SDSE; HylD cleaves hyaluronate (HA) and generates unsaturated disaccharides via a β-elimination reaction. Hyaluronate-agar plate assays revealed that SDSE promoted dramatic HA degradation. SDSE expresses both HylD and an unsaturated glucuronyl hydrolase (UGL) that catalyzes the degradation of HA-derived oligosaccharides; as such, SDSE was more effective at HA degradation than other β-hemolytic streptococci, including GAS and GBS. Although HylD shows some homology to HylB, a similar enzyme produced by GBS, HylD exhibited significantly higher enzymatic activity than HylB at pH 6.0, conditions that are detected in the skin of both elderly individuals and those with diabetes mellitus. We also detected upregulation of transcripts from hylD and ugl genes from SDSE wild-type collected from the mouse peritoneal cavity; upregulated expression of ugl was not observed in ΔhylD SDSE mutants. These results suggested that disaccharides produced by the actions of HylD are capable of triggering downstream pathways that catalyze their destruction. Furthermore, we determined that infection with SDSEΔhylD was significantly less lethal than infection with the parent strain. When mouse skin wounds were infected for 2 days, intensive infiltration of neutrophils was observed around the wound areas infected with SDSE wild-type but not SDSEΔhylD. Our investigation suggested that HylD and UGL play important roles in nutrient acquisition from hosts, followed by the bacterial pathogenicity damaging host tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van An Nguyen
- Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Ogura
- Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miki Matsue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takemoto
- Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Kanae Mukai
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yukari Nakajima
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Thuy Linh Hoang
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Wataru Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Molecular Biotechnology, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichimura
- Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Iurovschi R, Joaquim CR, de Faveri M, de Miranda TS, Feres M, de Figueiredo LC. Evaluation of the Microbiological Profile of Alveolar Residual Screws and Cleft-Adjacent Teeth in Individuals With Complete Unilateral Fissures. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 57:1182-1189. [PMID: 32748644 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620945568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the microbiota profile of residual alveolar slits and teeth adjacent to the cleft in fissured individuals. DESIGNS This study used a cross-sectional design. PARTICIPANTS Twenty individuals, aged 14 to 24 years, who had a residual fissure in the maxillary alveolar ridge region were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Three sites per individual were selected for microbiological collection (the site of the residual cleft and the 2 nearest teeth). The samples were analyzed using the Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for 73 species of bacteria. RESULTS All the species analyzed were found in the 2 niches (slits and teeth). The bacterial species present in the largest number in the residual cracks were Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella nigrescens, and Streptococcus mitis. With regard to the bacterial profiles in the mesial and distal faces, the most prevalent species were P nigrescens, Veillonella parvula, and Fusobacterium nucleatum sp vicentii. The analysis of all the collected samples demonstrated very similar profiles for the mesial and distal faces, with these 2 sites even presenting the same species in greater frequencies. Higher counts of 20 bacterial species (Wilcoxon test) were observed in the dental niche, in relation to the fissure, particularly, P nigrescens, V parvula, F nucleatum sp vicentii, and Neisseria mucosa. CONCLUSION Some species were significantly more prevalent in the residual alveolar fissures and in adjacent teeth. The comparison between the profiles of the 2 niches demonstrated large differences in the most frequent species in the teeth, and no qualitative differences with regard to specific pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Iurovschi
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Regina Joaquim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Ye J, Chu AJ, Harper R, Chan ST, Shek TL, Zhang Y, Ip M, Sambir M, Artsimovitch I, Zuo Z, Yang X, Ma C. Discovery of Antibacterials That Inhibit Bacterial RNA Polymerase Interactions with Sigma Factors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:7695-7720. [PMID: 32633513 PMCID: PMC8091929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Formation of a bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme by a catalytic core RNAP and a sigma (σ) initiation factor is essential for bacterial viability. As the primary binding site for the housekeeping σ factors, the RNAP clamp helix domain represents an attractive target for novel antimicrobial agent discovery. Previously, we designed a pharmacophore model based on the essential amino acids of the clamp helix, such as R278, R281, and I291 (Escherichia coli numbering), and identified hit compounds with antimicrobial activity that interfered with the core-σ interactions. In this work, we rationally designed and synthesized a class of triaryl derivatives of one hit compound and succeeded in drastically improving the antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, with the minimum inhibitory concentration reduced from 256 to 1 μg/mL. Additional characterization of antimicrobial activity, inhibition of transcription, in vitro pharmacological properties, and cytotoxicity of the optimized compounds demonstrated their potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Adrian Jun Chu
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Rachel Harper
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Ting Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsun Lam Shek
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Mariya Sambir
- Department of Microbiology and the Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Irina Artsimovitch
- Department of Microbiology and the Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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12
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Matsue M, Ogura K, Sugiyama H, Miyoshi-Akiyama T, Takemori-Sakai Y, Iwata Y, Wada T, Okamoto S. Pathogenicity Characterization of Prevalent-Type Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis Strains. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:97. [PMID: 32117127 PMCID: PMC7010647 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) is an emerging human pathogen that causes severe invasive streptococcal diseases. Recent reports have shown that SDSE exhibits high pathogenicity with different mechanisms from that of Streptococcus pyogenes, although the two streptococci possess some common virulence factors such as streptolysin, streptokinase, and cell-binding proteins. To date, only a few studies have examined the variety of mechanisms expressing the pathogenicity of SDSE. Among nine SDSE clinical isolates sequenced in this study, we present in vitro and in vivo analyses of KNZ01 and KNZ03, whose emm and multilocus species types (MLSTs) are prevalent in Japan and other countries. For the comparison of pathogenicity, we also utilized the ATCC 12394 strain. The whole-genome analysis showed that KNZ03 and ATCC 12394 are categorized into an identical clonal complex by MLST and are phylogenetically close. However, the three strains exhibited different characteristics for pathogenicity in vitro; ATCC 12394 showed significant cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes and release of streptolysin O (SLO) compared to KNZ01 and KNZ03; KNZ03 exhibited significantly high hemolytic activity, but did not secrete SLO. KNZ01 and KNZ03 adhered to human keratinocytes at a higher rate than ATCC 12394; KNZ03 showed a higher rate of survival after a brief (30 min) incubation with human neutrophils compared to the other two strains; also, KNZ01 grew more rapidly in the presence of human serum. In vivo subcutaneous infection commonly resulted in ulcer formation in the three strains 7 days after infection. KNZ01-infected mice showed significant body weight loss 2 days after infection. Besides, on post-infection day 2, only KNZ01 remained in the cutaneous tissues of mice. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that KNZ01 formed an extracellular structure (biofilm), which was probably composed of cell wall-anchoring proteins, in the presence of glucose and human serum. The extracellular structure of ATCC 12394 was also changed dramatically in response to culture conditions, whereas that of KNZ03 did not. Our study proposed that each SDSE strain possesses different virulence factors characteristics for mediating pathogenicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Matsue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Ogura
- Advanced Health Care Science Research Unit, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hironori Sugiyama
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Engineering and Technology Department, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama
- Pathogenic Microbe Laboratory, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Japan
| | - Yukiko Takemori-Sakai
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Nusbiarylins, a new class of antimicrobial agents: Rational design of bacterial transcription inhibitors targeting the interaction between the NusB and NusE proteins. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103203. [PMID: 31446238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of antibiotics of a novel mode of action is highly required in the fierce battlefield with multi-drug resistant bacterial infections. Previously we have validated the protein-protein interaction between bacterial NusB and NusE proteins as an unprecedented antimicrobial target and reported the identification of a first-in-class inhibitor of bacterial ribosomal RNA synthesis with antimicrobial activities. In this paper, derivatives of the hit compound were rationally designed based on the pharmacophore model for chemical synthesis, followed by biological evaluations. Some of the derivatives demonstrated the improved antimicrobial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 1-2 μg/mL against clinically significant bacterial pathogens. Time-kill kinetics, confocal microscope, ATP production, cytotoxicity, hemolytic property and cell permeability using Caco-2 cells of a representative compound were also measured. This series of compounds were named "nusbiarylins" based on their target protein NusB and the biaryl structure and were expected to be further developed towards novel antimicrobial drug candidates in the near future.
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14
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First-In-Class Inhibitors Targeting the Interaction between Bacterial RNA Polymerase and Sigma Initiation Factor Affect the Viability and Toxin Release of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162902. [PMID: 31405060 PMCID: PMC6719014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel antimicrobial classes are in desperate need for clinical management of infections caused by increasingly prevalent multi-drug resistant pathogens. The protein-protein interaction between bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the housekeeping sigma initiation factor is essential to transcription and bacterial viability. It also presents a potential target for antimicrobial discovery, for which a hit compound (C3) was previously identified from a pharmacophore model-based in silico screen. In this study, the hit compound was experimentally assessed with some rationally designed derivatives for the antimicrobial activities, in particular against Streptococcus pneumoniae and other pathogens. One compound, C3-005, shows dramatically improved activity against pneumococci compared to C3. C3-005 also attenuates S. pneumoniae toxin production more strongly than existing classes of antibiotics tested. Here we demonstrate a newly validated antimicrobial agent to address an overlooked target in the hit-to-lead process, which may pave the way for further antimicrobial development.
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15
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Incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis bacteremia in a tertiary hospital: comparison with S. agalactiae bacteremia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:2253-2258. [PMID: 31392445 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The clinical characteristics and outcomes of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) bacteremia cases have not been adequately evaluated. We retrospectively enrolled consecutive adult patients with SDSE or S. agalactiae (group B streptococci, GBS) bacteremia at a tertiary care hospital (Republic of Korea) from August 2012 to December 2016. We compared the incidence, seasonality, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of 52 SDSE bacteremia cases with 151 GBS bacteremia cases. The incidence of SDSE and GBS bacteremia in these patients was 1.28/100,000 and 4.22/100,000 person-days, respectively. Most SDSE bacteremia cases were of community-onset infection (SDSE 94.2% vs GBS 83.4%; p = 0.052). Lancefield group G was the most common bacteria type among SDSE isolates (43/47; 91.5%). Patients with SDSE bacteremia were older (median, 68.0 years vs 61.0 years; p = 0.03). In both groups, solid tumor was the most common underlying disease, and more than half of the patients were immunocompromised (51.9% vs 54.3%; p = 0.77). Chronic kidney disease was more common in the SDSE group (19.2% vs 5.3%; p < 0.01). Cellulitis was the most common clinical syndrome of SDSE bacteremia and was more common in the SDSE group (59.6% vs 29.1%; p < 0.01). SDSE bacteremia cases occurred more frequently in the warm season compared with GBS bacteremia cases (65.4% vs 37.1%; p < 0.01); in-hospital mortalities were not significantly different between the groups (3.8% vs 10.6%; p = 0.17). In conclusion, SDSE bacteremia is commonly associated with cellulitis, especially in older and immunocompromised patients during the warm season.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Of the eight phylogenetic groups comprising the genus
Streptococcus
, Lancefield group C and G streptococci (GCS and GGS, resp.) occupy four of them, including the Pyogenic, Anginosus, and Mitis groups, and one Unnamed group so far. These organisms thrive as opportunistic commensals in both humans and animals but may also be associated with clinically serious infections, often resembling those due to their closest genetic relatives, the group A streptoccci (GAS). Advances in molecular genetics, taxonomic approaches and phylogenomic studies have led to the establishment of at least 12 species, several of which being subdivided into subspecies. This review summarizes these advances, citing 264 early and recent references. It focuses on the molecular structure and genetic regulation of clinically important proteins associated with the cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane and extracellular environment. The article also addresses the question of how, based on the current knowledge, basic research and translational medicine might proceed to further advance our understanding of these multifaceted organisms. Particular emphasis in this respect is placed on streptokinase as the protein determining the host specificity of infection and the Rsh-mediated stringent response with its potential for supporting bacterial survival under nutritional stress conditions.
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Takahashi F, Wada Y, Hasebe N. Case of Invasive Streptococcus Dysgalactiae Infection Presenting as Infective Endocarditis with Multiple Brain Embolisms. Int Heart J 2019; 60:204-207. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiki Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rumoi City Hospital
| | - Naoyuki Hasebe
- Department of the Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Neurology Division, Asahikawa Medical University
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18
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Yoo WS, Kang HJ, Jeong JS, Shin MH, Chung I. Two Cases of Unusual Presentation of Postoperative Endophthalmitis Caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae Subspecies Equisimilis. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2019.60.3.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woong-Sun Yoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ji-Sung Jeong
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Inyoung Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Health Science Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Hertzog BB, Kaufman Y, Biswas D, Ravins M, Ambalavanan P, Wiener R, Angeli V, Chen SL, Hanski E. A Sub-population of Group A Streptococcus Elicits a Population-wide Production of Bacteriocins to Establish Dominance in the Host. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 23:312-323.e6. [PMID: 29544095 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate gene expression. We identified a group A Streptococcus (GAS) strain possessing the QS system sil, which produces functional bacteriocins, through a sequential signaling pathway integrating host and bacterial signals. Host cells infected by GAS release asparagine (ASN), which is sensed by the bacteria to alter its gene expression and rate of proliferation. We show that upon ASN sensing, GAS upregulates expression of the QS autoinducer peptide SilCR. Initial SilCR expression activates the autoinduction cycle for further SilCR production. The autoinduction process propagates throughout the GAS population, resulting in bacteriocin production. Subcutaneous co-injection of mice with a bacteriocin-producing strain and the globally disseminated M1T1 GAS clone results in M1T1 killing within soft tissue. Thus, by sensing host signals, a fraction of a bacterial population can trigger an autoinduction mechanism mediated by QS, which acts on the entire bacterial community to outcompete other bacteria within the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch B Hertzog
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Yael Kaufman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Programme for Inflammation Research, Center for Research Excellence & Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Miriam Ravins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Poornima Ambalavanan
- NUS-HUJ-CREATE Programme for Inflammation Research, Center for Research Excellence & Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Reuven Wiener
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Veronique Angeli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore; LSI Immunology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Swaine L Chen
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Infectious Diseases Group, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Emanuel Hanski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute for Medical Research, Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel; NUS-HUJ-CREATE Programme for Inflammation Research, Center for Research Excellence & Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore.
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20
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Mioni MDSR, Castro FFC, Moreno LZ, Apolinário CM, Belaz LD, Peres MG, Ribeiro BLD, Castro MJDS, Ferreira AM, Cortez A, Moreno AM, Heinemann MB, Megid J. Septicemia due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). Sci Rep 2018; 8:9772. [PMID: 29950697 PMCID: PMC6021443 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae is a well-known pathogen for a wide range of animals and humans. Two subspecies are recognized: (i) equisimilis, associated to disease in horses and humans, and (ii) dysgalactiae mainly isolated from animal illness with only a few humans’ cases. This study describes the isolation and characterization of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (SDSD) from vampire bats, maintained in captivity for research proposes. Animals presented neurologic, respiratory and gastroenteric symptoms and sudden death. Beta-hemolytic Gram-positive cocci were isolated in blood agar plates and further characterized as Lancefield group C. All isolates were identified as S. dysgalactiae by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and subspecies dysgalactiae was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Genotyping through SE-ALFP resulted in three profiles (A1–A3) with one bat being infected by profiles A1 and A3. This is the first report of SDSD causing illness in bats and especially in Desmodus rotundus species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lais Dario Belaz
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Gea Peres
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriana Cortez
- Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jane Megid
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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21
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Synergistic findings from microbiological and evolutional analyses of virulence factors among pathogenic streptococcal species. J Oral Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Hagiya H, Semba T, Morimoto T, Yamamoto N, Yoshida H, Tomono K. Panophthalmitis caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis: A case report and literature review. J Infect Chemother 2018; 24:936-940. [PMID: 29752197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lancefield group G β-hemolytic Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) has become a leading causative pathogen of invasive streptococcal infection. In this report, we describe a case of disseminated SDSE infection complicated by endogenous endophthalmitis, resulting in panophthalmitis and blindness. A 65-year-old man who underwent mitral valve replacement surgery two months previously was hospitalized due to high fever and right visual loss. A systemic investigation revealed endophthalmitis complicated by mediastinal abscess, prosthetic infective endocarditis, cerebral emboli and hemorrhage, and multiple arthritis. The patient underwent various surgeries, including vitrectomy, mediastinal lavage, mitral valve replacements, joint lavages, as well as an intensive antibiotic treatment. His general condition gradually improved, but the ocular infection developed to panophthalmitis, which ultimately required ophthalmectomy. A literature review regarding Group G-associated endogenous endophthalmitis suggested that the disease occurs in elderly people, is frequently complicated with endocarditis, and yields poor visual prognosis regardless of appropriate antibiotic treatment and surgical therapies. In this aging society, invasive infections with SDSE should be much more recognized among medical practitioners in order to improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Hagiya
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Japan.
| | - Takuya Semba
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Norihisa Yamamoto
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Japan
| | - Hisao Yoshida
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tomono
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Japan
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23
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Okamoto S, Nagase S. Pathogenic mechanisms of invasive group AStreptococcusinfections by influenza virus-group AStreptococcussuperinfection. Microbiol Immunol 2018; 62:141-149. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigefumi Okamoto
- Department of Laboratory Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University; 5-11-80 Kodatsuno Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-0942 Japan
- Wellness Promotion Science Center, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences; Kanazawa University; 5-11-80 Kodatsuno Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-0942 Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagase
- Department of Laboratory Sciences; Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University; 5-11-80 Kodatsuno Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-0942 Japan
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Babbar A, Itzek A, Pieper DH, Nitsche-Schmitz DP. Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes virulence genes in Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis from Vellore, India. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis Strain C161L1 Isolated in Vellore, India. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/19/e00336-17. [PMID: 28495783 PMCID: PMC5427218 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00336-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis belongs to the β-hemolytic group C and G pyogenic group of streptococci. Here, we report the draft genome of the S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strain C161L1 from Vellore, a region in southern India with a high incidence rate of S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis infection. This genome is 2.1 Mb long, with a 39.82% G+C content, and encodes 2,022 genes.
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